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def countdown(n):
    while n > 0:
        yield n
        n -= 1

gen = countdown(3)
print(next(gen))  # 3
print(next(gen))  # 2
print(next(gen))  # 1

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Here are links to the most important free Python courses with a brief description of their value.

x = [1, 2, 3]
y = x
y.append(4)
print(x)

def my_func():
    return "hello", "world"

result = my_func()
print(type(result))

import os
os.makedirs("folder/subfolder", exist_ok=True)

def outer():
    x = 10
    def inner():
        nonlocal x
        x += 5
        return x
    return inner()

result = outer()
print(result)

import copy

a = [1, 2, [3, 4]]
b = copy.deepcopy(a)
b[2][0] = 'X'
print(a[2][0])

def func(a, b=[]):
    b.append(a)
    return b

print(func(1))
print(func(2))

class A:
    def __init__(self):
        self.x = 1

    def __str__(self):
        return str(self.x)

a = A()
print(a)

import sqlite3

# 1. Create a connection to a database (or create it if not exists)
conn = sqlite3.connect('example.db')

# 2. Create a cursor object to interact with the database
cursor = conn.cursor()

# 3. Create a table
cursor.execute('''
    CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (
        id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
        name TEXT NOT NULL,
        age INTEGER
    )
''')

# 4. Insert data into the table
cursor.execute("INSERT INTO users (name, age) VALUES ('Alice', 25)")
cursor.execute("INSERT INTO users (name, age) VALUES ('Bob', 30)")

# 5. Commit changes
conn.commit()

# 6. Query the data
cursor.execute("SELECT * FROM users")
rows = cursor.fetchall()
for row in rows:
    print(row)

# Close connection
conn.close()

import tkinter as tk

# 1. Create the main window
root = tk.Tk()
root.title("My First GUI")

# 2. Add a label
label = tk.Label(root, text="Hello, World!")
label.pack()

# 3. Add a button
def on_click():
    print("Button clicked!")

button = tk.Button(root, text="Click Me", command=on_click)
button.pack()

# 4. Run the application
root.mainloop()

coordinates = (10, 20)
x = coordinates[0]
y = coordinates[1]
print(f"X: {x}, Y: {y}")

coordinates = (10, 20)
x, y = coordinates
print(f"X: {x}, Y: {y}")

a = 5
b = 10
a, b = b, a # Swaps values of a and b
print(f"a: {a}, b: {b}") # Output: a: 10, b: 5