#Trump #OIRA Кто будет новым главой Управления ОРВ Белого Дома? Trump has narrowed down his list of potential OIRA administrators to lobbyist Paul Noe and Neomi Rao, an associate law professor at George Mason University, sources say. https://thehill.com/regulation/administration/323507-trump-weighs-key-pick-for-regulatory-rollback

#Trump #OIRA Номирован новый регуляторный царь, а точнее - регуляторная царица)) Личная страница Неоми Рао https://administrativestate.gmu.edu/who-we-are/director/ President Trump appointed a new regulatory czar Friday. Neomi Rao, an associate law professor at George Mason University, was nominated to run the White House’s OIRA. https://thehill.com/regulation/administration/327912-trump-nominates-regulatory-chief

#Trump #OIRA A Trump Nomination Shows He’s Serious About Deregulation. https://www.wsj.com/articles/a-trump-nomination-shows-hes-serious-about-deregulation-1491768677

#Trump #OIRA Dramatic change to regulatory procedure! https://www.forbes.com/sites/susandudley/2017/04/26/a-new-direction-for-regulation-in-president-trumps-first-100-days/#33f41c045f26

#Trump #OIRA Memorandum For: Regulatory Reform Officers and Regulatory Policy Officers at Executive Departments and Agencies https://www.whitehouse.gov/the-press-office/2017/05/08/memorandum-regulatory-reform-officers-and-regulatory-policy-officers

#US #OIRA Shouldn’t government regulators think through the likely effects of proposed regulations before they are issued to consider whether they’ll do more good than harm? Every president for more than 35 years has thought so, and has required executive branch agencies to analyze regulatory impacts before imposing new rules. Further, to ensure they meet those requirements, most agencies must send proposed rules for review to the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA) in the Office of Management and Budget. https://www.forbes.com/sites/susandudley/2017/05/09/make-independent-regulatory-agencies-more-accountable-to-the-public/

#US #OIRA Susan E. Dudley:
"Today, the Senate Homeland Security and Government Affairs Committee will hold a confirmation hearing for three of President Trump’s nominees for senior administration positions, including Neomi Rao for administrator of the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA). While the Senate may not feel a sense of urgency to confirm the head of this little-known office, that would be a mistake, because when it comes to policy, the OIRA administrator or “regulatory czar” may be one of the most important and influential positions in government. Rao, a respected legal scholar with experience in all three branches of government, is well-qualified for the post" https://www.forbes.com/sites/susandudley/2017/06/07/senate-weighs-trumps-pick-for-regulatory-czar/#397ba2fa1c7d

#OIRA #Sunstein #US Касс Санстейн о метод подходах работы в Управлении по информации и регуляторным вопросам Белого Дума One of the staff’s favorite words is “analysis,” which refers to the technical grounds for any decision to regulate or not to regulate. Often analysis includes numbers: If a regulation is supposed to save lives, how many lives would it save? Two, or two thousand? If a regulation is supposed to cut costs, by how much, exactly? https://www.bloomberg.com/view/articles/2017-06-13/in-praise-of-the-deep-state

#trump #OIRA #redtape #OneInTwoOut "The first substantive question Ms. Rao faced during a Senate confirmation hearing last month struck at a hot topic on Capitol Hill: How did she view an order by Mr. Trump to eliminate two regulations for every new one, and how should it be carried out? As she answered, Ms. Rao measured her words, calling the policy “an important step” in broadly reducing regulatory burden. “It can work,” she said. “The way I think it will work in practice is that agencies will identify regulations to eliminate. And those regulations might be ineffective ones or excessively burdensome. And those regulations will have to meet a cost-benefit analysis for deregulation before they’re going to impose any new regulatory burdens.” As her testimony continued, she went so far as to give Democrats a nod that her cost-benefit analysis would go beyond simply calculating financial costs to industry — agreeing that non-monetary benefits, to health and the environment, for example, “can play a role.” https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/09/business/the-scholar-who-will-help-lead-trumps-assault-on-rules.html

#OIRA #US #tax As the executive branch implements the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, the Treasury and the Internal Revenue Service will issue dozens of significant regulations. It seems likely that these tax regulations will, for the first time, be systematically reviewed by the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (OIRA) within the Office of Management and Budget at the White House. Unlike regulations issued by other executive branch agencies, like the EPA or Department of Labor, IRS regulations generally skip this process and are reviewed, instead, by Treasury’s Office of Tax Policy. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2018/04/11/how-oira-and-treasury-can-work-together-to-improve-tax-regulation/

Исключения для #ОРВ есть не только в #РФ, но и в #США #US, для т.н. independent agencies. Автор материала предлагаeт путь их постепенного вовлечения в орбиту "методологического" влияния Управления информации и регуляторных вопросов Белого Дома (OIRA). But that’s not how it works for regulation. Most agencies must analyze their regulations in light of the problems they’re trying to solve, the costs and benefits of their proposals, and alternative approaches. There is a special list of “independent regulatory agencies,” including the Securities and Exchange Commission, Federal Trade Commission, and, yes, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, that are exempt from these analytical steps. This special list also places these agencies behind a firewall—their regulatory analysis is not reviewed by the Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs (#OIRA), the government’s expert in these analytical techniques. (...) A new idea is negotiation. Under my proposal, the president would direct OIRA to negotiate with these agencies to bring their regulatory analysis in line with best practices while respecting the independence given to them by Congress. If it seems odd that OIRA would negotiate with an agency, it’s actually a bipartisan practice. https://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/politics/507523-we-need-a-bespoke-approach-to-independent-agency-regulations

Среди вала указов, подписанных новым президентом Байденом после 20 января, есть и директива по изменению подходов к оценке воздействия.

Касс Санстейн, администратор Управления по информации и регуляторным вопросам Административно-бюджетного департамента Белого Дома (OIRA) в первый президентский срок Барака Обамы (2008-2012), пишет в колонке для Bloomberg, что в том числе ожидается возврат к учету немонетизируемых выгод регулирования: It calls for recommendations from the budget director on how to “take into account the distributional consequences of regulations” in an effort to “ensure that regulatory initiatives appropriately benefit and do not inappropriately burden disadvantaged, vulnerable, or marginalized communities.”
#US #OIRA #Biden #CBA

Анонс вебинара “Revising Regulatory Review: Expert Insights on the Biden Administration’s Guidelines for Regulatory Analysis”.

Когда: 9 мая 2023, вторник
Какое время: с 10.30 East Time (17.30 МСК)
Платформа: Zoom
Регистрация для онлайн-участия: свободная по ссылке

Аннотация вебинара: In April, the White House released much-anticipated revisions to federal regulatory practices, including a new Executive Order 14094 on “Modernizing Regulatory Review,” draft revisions to OMB Circular A-4 governing regulatory impact analysis, and draft guidance on meetings with entities outside of the executive branch. The Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs is working to implement these changes, which comprise the most significant regulatory policy initiatives of the Biden administration and raise interesting benefit-cost analysis issues, including the appropriate discount rate, who has standing in a benefit-cost analysis, and how distributional impacts should be measured.
#US #OIRA #CBA

Что почитать к вебинару:
• Executive Order 12866 of September 30, 1993
• Executive Order 14094 of April 6, 2023
• Request for Comments on Guidance Implementing 12866 Meeting Request Provisions of EO 14094
• Request for Comments on Revisions to Circular A-4
• Request for Comments on Revisions to Circular A–94
• Request for Nominations of Experts to Peer-Review Draft Guidance on Conducting Analysis of Federal Regulations
• Susan Dudley for Forbes: Regulatory Review Revisited (April 13, 2023)
• Bridget Dooling for Yale JREG Notice & Comment: White House Moves to Modernize Regulatory Review (April 6, 2023)

В тени завораживающих внешнеполитических словесных дуэлей истекшей недели - остался «регуляторный блицкриг», проведенный командой Трампа.

18 февраля 2025 был издан указ «Обеспечение подотчетности всех агентств», направленный на повышение надзора президента США над т.н. "independent agencies" (входят в контур федерального правительства и не подчиняются Конгрессу или федеральным судам, но при этом имеют значительную и бюджетную независимость от президента). К их числу относятся такие тяжеловесы как Federal Trade Commission (FTC), Federal Communications Commission (FCC), Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) и Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), а их руководителей, утверждаемых сенатом, было довольно сложно сместить.

Этот независимый статус исторически был призван защитить систему управления от принятия решений по политизированным соображениям; одновременно он породил конструкцию, в которой отсутствует выборное должностное лицо, уполномоченное влиять на бюрократические решения, разрабатываемые этими агентствами (напомним, это противопоставление - одно из основных направлений атаки Илона Маска на вашингтонский deep state).

С точки зрения better regulation важно, что эти агентства пользовались высокой степенью независимости и в вопросах принятия решений / публикации нормативных документов. На них не распространялись стандарты американского головного органа ОРВ - Управления информации и регуляторных вопросов (OIRA), и не осуществлялся контроль за качеством регуляций.

Теперь же указ требует, чтобы все федеральные агентства, включая независимые, представляли все важные нормативные акты для проверки в OIRA  до их публикации. Таким образом, не просто меняется баланс между политическими и профессиональными соображениями в принятии нормативных решений, но и процедуры обсуждения и принятия регуляторных актов. Возможно, это будет крупнейшим изменениям в ее полномочиях с 1993 года.

С учетом того, что в OIRA работает не так много сотрудников (45-50), которые оценивают 500-600 проектов актов в год, важным фактором сохранения высокого качества выпускаемых review будет увеличение его штата (и/или корректировка порога отбора economically significant regulations).

Также будем следить, кого Трамп номинирует в качестве администратора OIRA (видимо, это будет представитель одного из университетов с консервативной репутацией, но необязательно из топа рейтинга. Так, Неоми Рао, утвержденная в первую каденцию Трампа, представляла Университет Джорджа Мэйсона).

#OMB #OIRA #US #Musk #Trump #DOGE #RIA #ОРВ #США #Трамп #Маск