Valdai Discussion Club
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👥🌐 Migration and migrants are now widely perceived as risks.

In many countries, anti-migration sentiments and xenophobia had for long been on the rise. This spurred a securitisation of migration and the pandemic added concerns over health security to this already strong trend.

This is fuelled by the climate crisis which has already been raising doubts over the future of extensive driving, flying and traveling as is so typical for our hyper-mobile era; the pandemic further accelerated this trend.

Also the rise of authoritarian ruling had been noticed in many parts of the world and the pandemic only spurred this trend.

It is remarkable that liberal and authoritarian states around the globe alike turned to ultra-radical policy measures and largely outlawed fundamental liberties including the right to leave one’s country, city or even home, at least temporarily, not seen since the exceptional times of martial law, the Chinese Hukou system or the Soviet era, writes Franck Düvell, Senior Researcher at the Institute for Migration Research and Intercultural Studies, Osnabrück University.

https://valdaiclub.com/a/highlights/the-pandemic-and-international-migration/

#Morality_and_Law #migration #migrants #pandemic

@valdai_club — The Valdai Discussion Club
🇦🇫🇷🇺 Is a large-scale influx of refugees from Afghanistan to Russia possible?

Russia has the image of a country that does not consider refugees to be a promising category for increasing the country’s population, and the very procedure to first obtain official refugee status, and on the basis of this status gain citizenship in the Russian Federation, is quite difficult for Afghans, writes Valdai Club expert Dmitry Poletaev.

https://valdaiclub.com/a/highlights/large-scale-influx-of-refugees-from-afghanistan/

#Afghanistan #refugees #migration

@valdai_club — The Valdai Discussion Club
⚖️🌐 In 2021, the coronavirus pandemic continued to be one of the most important events.

Naturally, its influence on world politics and society remained the main focus of the Valdai Discussion Club experts.

In addition to the pandemic, the climate agenda has become the most important event of 2021. The COP-26 Summit in Glasgow in October-November was at the centre of global interest, sparking a heated debate in the world regarding the strategy and pace of green transformation. 

A separate large topic of the Club’s work was the impact of the pandemic on international migration, on the value and ethical perception of global migrants, and on the dynamics of migrant phobia in host societies.

The politics of historical memory in recent years has become one of the key topics in the expert work of the Club. Its analysis was continued this year as well.

👉 All these topics (the pandemic, climate and history) directly affect the evolution of values and moral norms in today’s global society, writes Oleg Barabanov, Programme Director of the Valdai Discussion Club.

🔗 Pandemic and Climate, History and Values: Results of the Valdai Club Expert Programme

#Morality_and_Law #Valdai_WrapUp2021 #pandemic #climatechange #migration

@valdai_club — The Valdai Discussion Club
📆 ANNOUNCEMENT: On December 19 at 16:00 Moscow Time (GMT+3), the Valdai Club will host a discussion on migration issues. The discussion is timed to coincide with the International Migrants Day, which is celebrated annually on December 18.

Over the centuries, migrants have made a major contribution to the cultural, social and economic development of host countries. Today, more than 281 million people, almost 3.6% of the world’s population, are involved in the processes of international migration. The international migration has a tremendous impact on demographic dynamics, labour markets and socio-economic processes in both receiving and sending countries.

Russia has recently become the centre of Eurasian migration. The Eurasian migration system has rapidly become one of the four largest in the world, along with those of North America, Western Europe, and Middle East.

Is it fair to consider migration an unambiguously negative phenomenon?
What are the mechanisms for protecting the rights of foreign workers in various host countries? How can they be improved?
What migration problems does Russia face? How can they be solved?

These and other questions will be answered by the participants of the discussion, who include the authors of the Valdai Club report “The Social Problems of International Migrants”.

🎙 Speakers:

🇹🇯 Rashid Alimov, SCO Secretary-General (2016–2018), Professor at the Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Tajikistan and at the Taihe Institute
(China)

🇷🇺 Maria Apanovich, Associate Professor, Department of Demographic and Migration Policy, MGIMO of the Russian Foreign Ministry

🇪🇬 Nourhan ElSheikh, Professor of Political Science, Cairo University, Member of the Egyptian Council for Foreign Affairs

🇺🇸 Andrey Korobkov, Professor of Political Science at the University of Tennessee (USA) (co-author of the report)

🇷🇺 Dmitry PoletaevLeading Researcher, Institute of Economic Forecasting, Russian Academy of Sciences, Director at the Regional Public Organisation “Migration Research Center” (co-author of the report)

Moderator:

🚩 Oleg Barabanov, Programme Director of the Valdai Discussion Club

https://valdaiclub.com/events/announcements/valdai-club-to-discuss-migration-issues/

Working languages: Russian, English.

ℹ️ Information for the media: In order to get accredited for the event, please fill out the form on our website or call +79269307763.

A link to the live broadcast of the discussion will be posted on all online platforms of the Valdai Club: on the websiteTwitterVKontakteTelegram and Zen.

#Norms_and_Values #migration #migrants

@valdai_club
👥🌐 On December 18, the world commemorates International Migrants Day.

Over the past forty years, the share of international migrants in the world has grown from just over 2% to 3.6% and in absolute terms is equivalent to the population of a small European state.

Over this entire period, states have accumulated tremendous experience in terms of receiving foreigners from various walks of life. However, as practice shows, factors regularly arise that affect changes in the trends and intensity of migration flows.

Social problems are among the most difficult to solve; the report by Dmitry Poletaev and Andrey Korobkov “The Social Problems of International Migrants”, is devoted to this subject.

Despite decades of positive experience in the reception and integration of migrants, which have been accumulated by modern states, migrants remain a socially vulnerable group.

From the exclusively social problems that are typical for all categories of citizens, we are returning to the issue of economics, namely, qualitative forecasting, writes Valdai Club expert Maria Apanovich.

https://valdaiclub.com/a/highlights/international-migration/

We will discuss the migration problems tomorrow, December 19, at 16:00 Moscow time, within the framework of the expert discussion. Watch the live broadcast on our website.

#Norms_and_Values #migration #migrants

@valdai_club
TODAY: at 16:00 Moscow Time (GMT+3), the Valdai Club will host a discussion on migration issues.

The discussion is timed to coincide with the International Migrants Day, which is celebrated annually on December 18.

Is it fair to consider migration an unambiguously negative phenomenon?
What are the mechanisms for protecting the rights of foreign workers in various host countries? How can they be improved?
What migration problems does Russia face? How can they be solved?

These and other questions will be answered by the participants of the discussion, who include the authors of the Valdai Club report “The Social Problems of International Migrants”.

A link to the live broadcast of the discussion will be posted on all online platforms of the Valdai Club: on the websiteTwitterVKontakteTelegram and Zen.

#Norms_and_Values #migration #migrants

@valdai_club
👥🌐 Behind the Glass Wall: The Problems of International Migration

On December 19, the Valdai Club hosted an expert discussion on topical issues of international migration. The discussion was timed to coincide with International Migrants Day, which is commemorated annually on December 18th. The moderator was Oleg Barabanov, Programme Director of the Valdai Discussion Club.

💬 Dmitry Poletaev, leading researcher at the Institute for Economic Forecasting of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and director of the Center for Migration Studies, who co-authored the report “The Social Problems of International Migrants”, pointed to the “glass walls” effect. According to him, migrants are present around us; we see them, but we don't hear them, and they don't hear us.

💬 Andrey Korobkov,the second co-author of the report, professor of political science at the University of Tennessee (USA), noted the split of the migration flow into two unequal parts - the elite (‘expats’, educated migrants, investment migrants, students, academic migrants) and basic immigrants (low-skilled migrants, illegal immigrants, family members, refugees). In his opinion, it is also important that both research and public policy tend to view migration as a macroeconomic process in which the people themselves are “lost”.

💬 Rashid Alimov,  professor of the Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Tajikistan and the Taihe Institute (China), Secretary General of the SCO (2016–2018), presented a view from Tajikistan. He stressed that Tajik migration to Russia has its own history, which has both dramatic chapters and wonderful stories. Both parties view labour migration as a mutually beneficial process.

💬 Another view from the Global South was offered by Nurhan ElSheikh, professor of political science at Cairo University, a member of the Egyptian Council for International Affairs, who spoke about the positive and negative aspects of labour migration for Egypt as a migration “donor”. She considers compliance with the legislative framework in migration issues to be extremely important.

💬 Maria Apanovich, associate Professor of the MGIMO Department of Demographic and Migration Policy, pointed out the importance of the gender aspects of migration. Gender imbalance in the labour market exists all over the world, and migrants, as the most vulnerable category of the population, are particularly affected by it. 

💬 Gulnara Gadzhimuradova, Associate Professor of the Department of Demographic and Migration Policy at the Moscow State Institute of International Relations, pointed to the importance of selective migration mentioned by Korobkov against the backdrop of a tightening of migration policy. Countries are trying to attract only highly qualified migrants with the necessary specialties.

https://valdaiclub.com/events/posts/articles/behind-the-glass-wall-the-problems-of-international-migration/

#Norms_and_Values #migration #migrants

@valdai_club
🌍🇷🇺 Migration from African countries to Russia is still insignificant in scale and its main channel is educational migration.

In 2022, according to the official estimates of the Main Department of Migration Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, 38,885 Africans were legally staying in Russia. 34,360 Africans studied in Russia, the largest contingents are from:

🇪🇬 Egypt (15,668 people)
🇲🇦 Morocco (3,438 people)
🇳🇬 Nigeria (1,754 people)
🇩🇿 Algeria (1,458 people)
🇿🇼 Zimbabwe (1,262 people)

Migrants from Africa who have settled in Russia and received Russian citizenship are hardly noticeable and are not even represented in the political arena.

At the same time, migration from Africa to the countries of the European Union, including undocumented migration, is permanent and sustainable. In the Eurasian migration system, however, where Russia is the main host country, the African vector is still almost invisible.

Russia is not yet connected with African countries via a full-fledged migration network. Nevertheless, the countries of Africa are witnessing explosive growth, despite the fact that we are only observing migration from those countries to Russia on a minimal scale. Because of the increasing competition for resources on this continent and growing risks of economic and political instability, forced migration flows from Africa to Russia may become a new component of the migration situation already in the medium term.

It is worthwhile to prepare for this in advance, writes Valdai Club expert Dmitry Poletaev.

https://valdaiclub.com/a/highlights/african-migration-to-russia-what-changes/

#Norms_and_Values #Africa #migration

@valdai_club
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🌐 In 2022, the UN announced the birth of the 8 billionth inhabitant of our planet. The 7 billion milestone, however, was reached quite recentlyю It’s hard to believe, but the human population of Earth reached its first billion only two centuries ago.

Forced migration already presents a serious challenge. Its reasons are varied. As varied are the consequences. We created a video-infographic on the population growth.

#valdai_infogaphics #population #migration

@valdai_club
🚧 The heated debate surrounding the issue of Latino immigration to the United States is not only an eloquent illustration of the deepening polarisation in the country.

Its context extends far beyond the migration crisis on the southern border and increasingly concerns contradictory inter-American relations and, more broadly, the prospects for the liberal democratic model of development, write Lev Sokolshik and Vasil Sakaev.

https://valdaiclub.com/a/highlights/illegal-immigration-to-the-united-states/

#Multipolarity_and_Connectivity #UnitedStates #migration #LatinAmerica

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TODAY at 12:00 Moscow Time, the Valdai Club will host an expert discussion dedicated to international migration via the Mediterranean Sea.

How effective are these measures?
What is crime like along the entire route, from Africa and the Middle East to Europe?
How are migrants' rights respected in European countries?

Participants in the discussion will try to answer these and other questions.

Links to the live broadcast of the open sessions will be posted on all online platforms of the Valdai Club: on the websiteX (formerly Twitter)VKontakteTelegram and Dzen

#GlobalAlternatives #migration

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👥 The Origins of the Migration Crisis and the Policies of Western Countries

On February 21, the Valdai Club hosted an expert discussion on international migration in the Mediterranean.

💬 Moderator Oleg Barabanov invited participants to consider the topic of international migration, which has remained relevant for many years, taking into account the socio-economic problems in Africa and the Middle East. He also named the observance of human rights and the adaptation of migrants in European countries as important aspects of the topic.

💬 “Global turbulence is a fertile ground for intensifying the continued migration crisis,” said Nathalia Zaiser, Chair of the Board of the Africa Business Initiative Union. Speaking about the reasons Europe is attractive for Africans, she pointed to the turbulence in Africa, which, on the one hand, creates instability and uncertainty, including even in matters of food security, and to the comparative accessibility of European countries, on the other hand, from a geographical point of view, and the advantages of their social policy, as well as climatic and linguistic factors.

💬 Roberta Alonzi, a lecturer at RUDN University, spoke about Italian migration policy in the context of the migration policy of the European Union. According to her, the government of Giorgia Meloni is actually trying to curb migration - from the creation of reception centres for migrants in Albania to measures that promote the development of African countries. In essence, Italy's migration policy looks like migration diplomacy, aimed at balancing between its own approach and the general rules of the EU.

💬 “The countries of Northern and Central Europe declare their commitment to human rights, but do not at all sympathise with the countries of Southern Europe, which bear the main burden of migration,” said Dimitris Konstantakopoulos, a former adviser to Greek Prime Minister Andreas Papandreou. The continuing deterioration of the migration situation, in his opinion, only reflects much deeper problems that our world faces. The West destroyed many countries in the Middle East and has actively participated in the destabilisation of Africa, but does not want to come to terms with the results of its policies and is not ready to see migrants from these regions.

💬 Hasan Unal, a professor at Baskent University in Ankara, pointed out that Turkey is both a transit country and a final destination for migrants. It hosts between 13 and 17 million migrants, including from Syria, which have become a huge burden for the country. Unal called this a consequence of the American policy of regime change and the export of democracy. In addition, he believes it is necessary to take into account demographic changes. In the 20th and early 21st centuries, the rate of population growth in the Muslim world has increased greatly. In many cases, growing populations cannot find a place within the political boundaries of existing states, leading to serious difficulties.

https://valdaiclub.com/events/posts/articles/the-origins-of-the-migration-crisis-and-the-policies-of-western-countries/

#GlobalAlternatives #migration

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