format() is way better than % in many different ways. One of those is:

>>> names = ['ali', 'reza', 'alireza', 'mohsen']
 >>> print map('Hello Mr. {}'.format, names)
 ['Hello Mr. ali', 'Hello Mr. reza', 'Hello Mr. alireza', 'Hello Mr. mohsen']

#python #format #string_formatter #map

How much do you know about python traceback? Here we will dive deep into this concept.

What is a traceback?
This module provides a standard interface to extract, format and print stack traces of Python programs.

It acts a lot like a python interpreter when it print a stack trace. traceback module has many functions, we will review some of them here.

traceback.print_exc():
Print exception information and up to limit stack trace entries from the traceback tb to file. This is a shorthand for print_exception(sys.exc_type, sys.exc_value, sys.exc_traceback, limit, file).

traceback.format_exc():
This is like print_exc(limit) but returns a string instead of printing to a file.

A sample traceback usage derived from python documentation:

import sys, traceback

 def run_user_code(envdir):
     source = raw_input(">>> ")
     try:
         exec source in envdir
     except:
         print "Exception in user code:"
         print '-'*60
         traceback.print_exc(file=sys.stdout)
         print '-'*60

 envdir = {}
 while 1:
     run_user_code(envdir)

#python #traceback #exception #format_exc #print_exc

Thousand separator using format in python:

your_number = 35200000
 print '{:,}'.format(your_number)

#python #format #thousand_separator

The simplest way to generate hour, minute, seconds from seconds in python is divmod:

m, s = divmod(seconds, 60)
 h, m = divmod(m, 60)
 print "{}:{}:{}".format(h, m, s)

#python #divmod #format

As you may already know in Python you can format your string using format as below:

file_name = "/root/openvpn/{}.ovpn".format(my_file_name)
// Or
file_name = "/root/openvpn/%s.ovpn" % my_file_name

In golang you need to use Sprintf method of fmt package like follow:

var fileName = fmt.Sprintf("/root/openvpn/%s.ovpn", myFileName)

#python #golang #go #fmt #sprintf #format