Grandmother cyborgs or why the lives of the elderly are better

Do you know what is one of the leading causes of disability in the elderly?
Winter and ice🔺

Unfortunately, it's very common for falls in the elderly to result in a fractured femoral neck. After that they remain confined to bed for a long time (or forever), without the possibility of even getting up.

This situation is saved by протезы☝🏻.
The video shows just such a thing.

In addition to the femoral neck and femoral head, it forms the acetabulum for that head and fixes the femur itself.

The operation to install this prosthesis is called hip arthroplasty.

A short video from a professional 👃

Actually, atherosclerosis looks like this так☝🏻.

An atherosclerotic plaque is inside a vessel, not "sticking out" into its lumen.

Why is it like that?
Because cholesterol and its fractions get into the wall of the vessel itself - under the intima (inner shell).

Do you know how many organisms live on our hands?

On average, there are about 840,000 different microorganisms that live on our hands.

Yes, most of these bacteria are beneficial to humans. They feed on skin secretions, cleaning the surface of the body and enriching the body with beneficial substances🦠

But unfortunately, not all of them are so friendly...

Pumping Proteins

This somewhat amusing name describes the function of carrier proteins as well as possible.

They carry out the transport of substances across the cell membrane, using energy in the process. This is why this process is called active transport.

There is also passive transport.

✔️Каждый of these "transports" carry different substances.

Advanced technology is slowly coming into our lives. A simple device would make life easier for all the nurses on our planet.

Another handy tool for patient care.

If all our hospitals were equipped with such simple things, life would be much easier for patients and nursing staff.

The answer to why you should never chew your nails 🔬

Skin is one of the most amazing parts of the body

Interesting facts about it you can tell a dozen!
For example - the skin weighs more than the skeleton!

Well, or at least weighs about the same.
The human skeleton weighs about 5 to 6 kilograms, while skin weighs about 5.5 kilograms.

Of course, it's not just skin per se.
The epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous fat also count.

Knee cup dislocation reduction technique.

After a patella dislocation, the main goal of treatment is to return the knee joint to its normal function and restore its strength to avoid repeated dislocation of the patella.

The most successful technique for saving a person from a clogged blood clot

The name of the method is endovascular thrombectomy.

It is a minimally invasive (minimally traumatic) technique that allows a high chance of saving tissue (and often the person himself) from death. But on the condition that the patient is quickly transported to the operating room.
This is a very important condition, since brain and heart cells die faster than other organs, and it is in them that the clot "clogging" occurs most often.

The method shown in the animation is very illustrative, but in reality it is not существует🙌🏻.
Most often the clot is simply "pulled out" of the vessel with a catheter.

This is what our liver looks like from the inside

Its parenchyma (tissue) is pierced with blood vessels, because the main function of this organ is detoxification (blood purification).

This purification is carried out by specialized liver cells - hepatocytes. They are shown in the animation as purple square cells.

But what are the brown square cells next to them?
These are also hepatocytes, but they have died. This happens most often in hepatitis, a group of inflammatory liver diseases. Hepatitis viruses and alcoholism are the most common causes.

MRI scan of Siamese twins in the womb.

In this clinical case, the children have two separate heads, a common chest, abdomen, and pelvis, and one pair of upper and lower limbs.

According to the WHO, more than 4.5 billion people in the world are infected with parasitic diseases.

I know that every one of you is thinking right now: That's definitely not me! But the statistics say otherwise. The thing is unpleasant, but quite solvable, methods of prevention and timely treatment. We all know that it is necessary to wash hands and fruits and vegetables well. But while hand washing during and after a pandemic will still be okay, food is more difficult. Fruits and vegetables must be doused in boiling water before consumption. And our favorite sushi, which includes raw fish, should only be ordered from trusted places! Raw fish is one of the main sources of helminths in the human body.

Once a year you can take a course of special preparations, to prevent and get rid of unwanted neighbors, but only after prior consultation with your doctor, because the drugs can be very toxic in the wrong dosages.

The brain floats in our skull

Almost levitating🧠
This is because the cerebrospinal fluid serves as a cushion for the brain.

Why this anatomical construction?

It protects the brain from the impact, gives it some plasticity. After all, during the collision of the skull with some object, it moves inside - this can negate the traumatic effect of not too strong blow.

But if the brain were tight to the cranium - the brain injury would occur with much less traumatic force.

Why do cramps occur?

Mainly, they occur when the metabolic processes are disturbed, which leads to a decrease in the amount of ATP.
If there is a lack of ATP, muscles are unable to relax on their own, and a convulsive contraction occurs. It usually lasts a few seconds, sometimes a few minutes.

What is the underlying cause?
There are actually many of them. Stress, excessive muscle strain, dehydration, lack of Mg, Ca, vitamin D3 and some other micronutrients. And at night it can be triggered by an uncomfortable posture.

Most often cramps occur in the lower extremities, and especially in the calf muscle.
But a cramp in the abdominal muscles or a short spasm (as in the animation) is quite rare.

Is tooth decay caused only by candy?

Cavities are not caused by candy and chocolate, but by food debris caught between the teeth. Surprisingly, an apple is just as likely to cause tooth decay as a lollipop.

Such conclusions were made by the specialists of the British Dental Association. It is known that complex carbohydrates are also among the so-called caries forming foods. All baked goods fall into the risk zone: from sweet baked goods to seemingly harmless bearded bread, as well as meat dishes and even vegetables.