👩‍💻 Attacking Golang.

• В последние годы Golang распространяется всё шире и шире. Он известен своей простотой, эффективностью и высокой производительностью. Однако, как и любой язык программирования, неправильные методы разработки могут привести к уязвимостям безопасности. В этой статье описаны возможные проблемы безопасности и рекомендации по безопасной разработке.

• SQL Injection;
• Command Injection;
• Cross-Site Scripting (XSS);
• Insecure Deserialization;
• Directory Traversal;
• CSRF;
• SSRF;
• File Upload;
• Memory Management Vulnerabilities;
• Cryptography Failure;
• LFI and RFI;
• Basic Authentication (BasicAuth) alongside JSON Web Tokens (JWT);
• Golang pitfalls;
• RPC;
• Timing Attack.

#Go #devsecops

👨‍💻 Attacking IaC.

• Least Privilege;
• Secrets Management;
• Encryption of Sensitive Data;
• Compliance as code;
• terraform plan;
• pet Infra;
• Storing Terraform State Securely;
• Malicious Terraform Providers or Modules;
• Securing Terraform Executions with Isolation;
• Protecting Sensitive Variables in Terraform Logs;
• Securing API Keys and Archivist URLs in HCP Terraform;
• Use dynamic credentials;
• Terraform Plan vs Terraform Apply;
• Replace blacklisted provider.

#IaC #DevSecOps

👨‍💻 Attacking Secrets.

• Secrets in private repositories;
- Scenario: An Attacker Scanning a Private Repository for Secrets;
- Example Commands and Codes;
• User Credentials in CI Pipelines;
- Scenario: An Adversary Exploiting CI Pipeline Credentials;
- Example Commands and Codes;
• Azure Key-Vault Authentication Abuse;
- Azure’s Documentation Overview;
• Practical Implementation: Azure’s Authentication Solution;
- Steps for Compromising Azure Key Vault;
• Azure Key Vault RBAC;
• Ansible Vault Secret;
- Generating a Hash for Cracking;
- Cracking the Hash;
- Decrypting the File;
• Vault-Backend-Migrator;
- Threats;
• Kubernetes Sealed Secrets;
• chamber;
• Vault Secrets Operator;
• Buttercup Weak Password;
• teller manipulate files;
• BlackBox;
• Conclusion;
- Attacker's Next Steps.

#devsecops

👨‍💻 Attacking Policy.

• Open Policy Agent — это open-source-инструмент контроля доступа, основанный на политиках, который создан в 2016 году и с тех пор стабильно развивается. Сейчас он входит в каталог дипломированных проектов Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF). Его используют Netflix, Pinterest, TripAdvisor и другие компании.

• В этой статье перечислены определенные векторы атак, которые могут быть вызваны неправильной конфигурацией Open Policy Agent:

• Allowed Repositories;
• Automount Service Account Token for Pod;
• Block Endpoint Edit Default Role;
• Block Services with type LoadBalancer;
• Block NodePort;
• Block Wildcard Ingress;
• Disallow Interactive TTY Containers;
• Step-by-Step Instructions;
• Allow Privilege Escalation in Container;
• Step-by-Step Instructions;
• Privileged Container;
• Read Only Root Filesystem;
• Host Networking Ports;
• App Armor;
• SELinux V2;
• Resources.

#devsecops

👨‍💻 Attacking Pipeline.

• DevOps resources compromise;
• Control of common registry;
• Direct PPE (d-PPE);
• Indirect PPE (i-PPE);
• Public PPE;
• Changes in repository;
• Inject in Artifacts;
• User/Services credentials;
• Typosquatting docker registry image;
• Resources.

#DevOps #DevSecOps

👨‍💻 Attacking CI/CD.

• CI Debug Enabled;
• Default permissions used on risky events;
• Github Action from Unverified Creator used;
• If condition always evaluates to true;
• Injection with Arbitrary External Contributor Input;
• Job uses all secrets;
• Unverified Script Execution;
• Arbitrary Code Execution from Untrusted Code Changes;
• Unpinnable CI component used;
• Pull Request Runs on Self-Hosted GitHub Actions Runner;
• Mitigation Strategies;
• Example GitHub Actions Workflow;
• RCE via Git Clone;
• Resources.

#devsecops

👨‍💻 Attacking OpenStack.

• Apply Restrictive File Permissions:
- Incorrect Example;
- Writing Files with Python;
- Correct Example;
- Secure File Creation in Python;
- Verify Ownership and Group;
• Avoid Dangerous File Parsing and Object Serialization Libraries;
• Python Pipes to Avoid Shells;
• Unvalidated URL redirect;
• Validate Certificates on HTTPS Connections to Avoid Man-in-the-Middle Attacks;
• Create, Use, and Remove Temporary Files Securely:
- Python Temporary File Handling;
• Restrict Path Access to Prevent Path Traversal;
• Use Subprocess Securely;
• Parameterize Database Queries:
- SQLAlchemy;
- MySQL;
- PostgreSQL (Psycopg2);
• Protect Sensitive Data in Config Files from Disclosure:
- Consequences;
- Example Log Entries;
• Use Secure Channels for Transmitting Data:
- Clear Example;
- Less Obvious Example;
• Escape User Input to Prevent XSS Attacks;
• Resources.

#devsecops

👨‍💻 File Upload Vulnerabilities.

• Attack Scenario: Insecure File Content:
- 2. Non-Compliant Code: Insecure File Upload Example;
- Issues with Non-Compliant Code;
- 3. Compliant Code: Secure File Upload Example;
- Security Enhancements in Compliant Code;
- 4. Reverse Access Control;
• Magic Byte Exploits and Securing File Uploads:
- Magic Bytes Overview;
- Attack Scenario: Magic Byte Exploit;
- Non-Compliant Code: Insecure File Upload Example;
- Issues with Non-Compliant Code;
- Compliant Code: Secure File Upload Example;
- Security Enhancements in Compliant Code;
- Reverse Access Control;
- Process of Securing File Uploads;
• Config Overwrite:
- Attack Scenario: Configuration Overwrite and Null Byte Injection;
- Non-Compliant Code: Insecure File Upload Example;
- Issues with Non-Compliant Code;
- Compliant Code: Secure File Upload Example;
- Security Enhancements in Compliant Code;
- Reverse Access and Configuration Overwrite;
- Process of Securing File Uploads;
• Insecure Handler:
- Attack Scenario: Insecure Handler Exploit;
- Non-Compliant Code: Insecure File Upload Example;
- Issues with Non-Compliant Code;
- Compliant Code: Secure File Upload Example;
- Security Enhancements in Compliant Code;
- Insecure Handler and Web Shell Exploit;
- Process of Securing File Uploads.

#devsecops

👨‍💻 Attacking MongoDB.

• MongoDB — это кроссплатформенная документо-ориентированная система управления базами данных. Относясь к категории NoSQL, MongoDB отказывается от традиционной таблично-ориентированной структуры реляционных баз данных в пользу JSON-документов с динамическими схемами, что делает интеграцию данных в приложениях более быстрой и простой.

• Поговорим о защищенности MongoDB. На самом деле MongoDB безопасна в использовании, если вы знаете, что искать и как это настраивать.

• Enumeration:
➡Nmap MongoDB Brute Force Attack;
➡Metasploit MongoDB Login Scanner;
➡Shodan Search for MongoDB Instances;
➡Manual MongoDB Interaction via PyMongo;
➡Common MongoDB Commands;
➡Automating MongoDB Enumeration with Nmap.
• Brute Force:
➡MongoDB Login Methods;
➡Checking for MongoDB Authentication Using Nmap;
➡Manual Brute Forcing;
➡Lack of Authentication in MongoDB Instance.
• Disable Unused Network Interfaces;
• Enable Access Control (Authentication);
• Enable SSL/TLS Encryption;
• Disable HTTP Interface;
• Enable Audit Logging:
➡Set Appropriate File Permissions;
➡Disable Unused MongoDB Features;
➡Enable Firewalls and Limit Access to MongoDB Ports.
• Exploiting Default Admin Users;
• Exploiting Misconfigured Role-Based Access Control (RBAC);
• Leveraging File System Access via MongoDB;
• Leveraging MongoDB API and Insecure Bindings;
• Misconfigured Backup Systems.

#MongoDB #devsecops