🇺🇳 #OTD in 1945, a conference at which the United Nations was established and its Charter approved started in San Francisco. It was attended by 850 delegates from 50 states.
 
The idea to create an efficient universal security organisation emerged at the early stages of World War II. Its discussion intensified in 1943 against the backdrop of the Red Army’s victories over the Nazis near Stalingrad and on the Kursk Bulge.
 
The leading members of the anti-Hitler coalition drafted the foundations and structure of the future UN. The final decision to convene a conference in San Francisco was made at the Yalta meeting of the heads of the Big Three (the USSR, the US and Great Britain).

✍️ Proceeding from the proposals formulated at the Dumbarton Oaks conference in 1944, the delegates agreed on procedural matters and endorsed the main bodies of the UN and the principles of their operation. They also discussed the formation of the General Assembly, the Security Council, the International Court and the UN Secretariat.
 
The Soviet delegation took a most active part in the work of the conference. It was first headed by People’s Commissar of Foreign Affairs Vyacheslav Molotov and later by Soviet Ambassador to the US Andrey Gromyko. Here are the key achievements of Soviet diplomacy in San Francisco:
 
✔️ Inclusion into the UN Charter of the provisions on the need to settle and resolve international disputes by peaceful means;
 
✔️ The sealing in the Charter of the Security Council voting procedure that was agreed upon at the Yalta conference;
 
✔️ The inclusion of the Byelorussian and Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republics into the UN founding fathers.
 
☝️ The conference in San Francisco demonstrated the unity of the international community after the hard trials of World War II. The decisions adopted at that time laid a foundation for the postwar world order and created an effective mechanism for mutual international deterrence, which has allowed the world to avoid global conflicts for many decades.
 
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