🇬🇧 Marcus Ulpius Trajan was born on September 18, on year 53, in a Turdetan family in the ancient Roman city of Italica, in Hispania. He was the first emperor of provincial origin, ascending to the imperial throne thanks to his merits in the defence of the German border. Trajan, a modest but authoritarian emperor, did not accept the construction of large statues in his honour, but on the other hand, after his victory in the Dacian campaign, he brought thousands of kilos of gold and silver to Rome, with which he was able to finance the construction of his colossal forum in the capital. After the occupation of the Nabataean kingdom. The Roman Empire reached with him its maximum expansion.
🇪🇸 El Foro Trajano y la Columna Trajana fueron construidos con el botín obtenido tras la campaña Dacia. Este foro de 300 x 185 metros y contiguo a los foros de Cesar, Augusto y Nerva (su antecesor), contenía un mercado, una basílica, el foro y la famosa columna trajana.
Su construcción empezó en el año 107, terminando en el año 112 y siendo culminado con la columna trajana en el año 113.
🇬🇧 The Trajan Forum and the Trajanic Column were built with the spoils obtained after the Dacia campaign. This forum, measuring 300 x 185 metres and adjoining the forums of Caesar, Augustus and Nerva (his predecessor), contained a marketplace, a basilica, the forum and the famous Trajanic Column.
Its construction began in the year 107, ending in the year 112 and being culminated with the Trajanic column in the year 113.
Su construcción empezó en el año 107, terminando en el año 112 y siendo culminado con la columna trajana en el año 113.
🇬🇧 The Trajan Forum and the Trajanic Column were built with the spoils obtained after the Dacia campaign. This forum, measuring 300 x 185 metres and adjoining the forums of Caesar, Augustus and Nerva (his predecessor), contained a marketplace, a basilica, the forum and the famous Trajanic Column.
Its construction began in the year 107, ending in the year 112 and being culminated with the Trajanic column in the year 113.
🇻🇦SENATVS·POPVLVSQVE·ROMANVS
IMP·CAESARI·DIVI·NERVAE·F·NERVAE
TRAIANO·AVG·GERM·DACICO·PONTIF
MAXIMO·TRIB·POT·XVII·IMP·VI·COS·VI·P·P
AD·DECLARANDVM·QVANTAE·ALTITVDINIS
MONS·ET·LOCVS·TANT<IS·OPER>IBVS·SIT·EGESTVS
🇪🇸 El senado y el pueblo romano, al emperador César Nerva Trajano Augusto Germánico Dácico, hijo del divino Nerva, pontífice máximo, tribuno por decimoséptima vez, imperator por sexta vez, cónsul por sexta vez, padre de la patria, para mostrar la altura que alcanzaban el monte y el lugar ahora destruidos para obras como ésta
🇬🇧 The Senate and people of Rome [give or dedicate this] to the emperor Caesar, son of the divine Nerva, Nerva Traianus Augustus Germanicus Dacicus, pontifex maximus, in his 17th year in the office of tribune, having been acclaimed 6 times as imperator, 6 times consul, pater patriae, to demonstrate of what great height the hill [was] and place [that] was removed for such great works.
IMP·CAESARI·DIVI·NERVAE·F·NERVAE
TRAIANO·AVG·GERM·DACICO·PONTIF
MAXIMO·TRIB·POT·XVII·IMP·VI·COS·VI·P·P
AD·DECLARANDVM·QVANTAE·ALTITVDINIS
MONS·ET·LOCVS·TANT<IS·OPER>IBVS·SIT·EGESTVS
🇪🇸 El senado y el pueblo romano, al emperador César Nerva Trajano Augusto Germánico Dácico, hijo del divino Nerva, pontífice máximo, tribuno por decimoséptima vez, imperator por sexta vez, cónsul por sexta vez, padre de la patria, para mostrar la altura que alcanzaban el monte y el lugar ahora destruidos para obras como ésta
🇬🇧 The Senate and people of Rome [give or dedicate this] to the emperor Caesar, son of the divine Nerva, Nerva Traianus Augustus Germanicus Dacicus, pontifex maximus, in his 17th year in the office of tribune, having been acclaimed 6 times as imperator, 6 times consul, pater patriae, to demonstrate of what great height the hill [was] and place [that] was removed for such great works.
🇪🇸 Detalles de la columna trajana:
1º Imagen: La diosa Victoria escribiendo la gesta de la campaña dácica sobre un escudo rodeada de pilas de trofeos de guerra.
2º Imagen: Soldados romanos en su clásica formación en testudo.
3º Imagen: El Puente Trajano sobre el Danubio, que fue el puente más grande jamás construido durante más de un milenio con 1.135 metros de largo, 19 de profundidad dentro el rio y 15 de altura sobre él.
🇬🇧 Details of the trajan column:
1st Image: The goddess Victoria writing the deed of the Dacian campaign on a shield surrounded by piles of war trophies.
2nd Image: Roman soldiers in their classic testudo formation.
3rd Image: The Trajan bridge over the Danube, which was the biggest bridge ever built for more than a thousand years with 1.135 meters long, 15 meters of depth inside the river and a height of 19 meters over it.
1º Imagen: La diosa Victoria escribiendo la gesta de la campaña dácica sobre un escudo rodeada de pilas de trofeos de guerra.
2º Imagen: Soldados romanos en su clásica formación en testudo.
3º Imagen: El Puente Trajano sobre el Danubio, que fue el puente más grande jamás construido durante más de un milenio con 1.135 metros de largo, 19 de profundidad dentro el rio y 15 de altura sobre él.
🇬🇧 Details of the trajan column:
1st Image: The goddess Victoria writing the deed of the Dacian campaign on a shield surrounded by piles of war trophies.
2nd Image: Roman soldiers in their classic testudo formation.
3rd Image: The Trajan bridge over the Danube, which was the biggest bridge ever built for more than a thousand years with 1.135 meters long, 15 meters of depth inside the river and a height of 19 meters over it.
🇪🇸 En la Laguna de Villafranca de los Caballeros (Toledo), las mujeres de más edad todavía se bañan con los sacos de baño que prescribía la legislación del siglo XIX. Pesados y hechos a mano. Aunque no lo parezca, lo que llevan puesto en la foto son bañadores, respetuosos con la castidad y la modestia. De paso disimulan los kilos de más.
🇬🇧 In the Lagoon of Villafranca de los Caballeros (Toledo, Spain), elder women still dress swimsuits according to 19th Century laws. Heavy, handmade swimsuits. These women in the photo above are wearing those chast and modest pieces of clothe, which can also dissimulate a few extra kilos.
🇬🇧 In the Lagoon of Villafranca de los Caballeros (Toledo, Spain), elder women still dress swimsuits according to 19th Century laws. Heavy, handmade swimsuits. These women in the photo above are wearing those chast and modest pieces of clothe, which can also dissimulate a few extra kilos.
🇪🇸 Estas hijas espirituales de la madrileña Santa Soledad Torres Acosta residen en un convento en lo alto de la colina que domina la Bahía de San Juan de Puerto Rico, el último que fundó la santa. Durante la Guerra Hispano-Estadounidense, un marinero español, hundido su barco por el fuego enemigo, alcanzó la orilla con una bandera amarrada a su cintura. Lo último que hizo, antes de morir por sus heridas, fue entregar la bandera a las monjas. Desde entonces, cada vez que un barco español atraca en el puerto, esa bandera ondea desde el convento a modo de saludo.
🇬🇧 These St. Soledad Torres Acosta's spiritual daughters live in the nunnery on the top of the highest hill in San Juan de Puerto Rico Bay, the last founded by the saint. During Spanish-American War, a Spanish sailor, sinked his boat by the enemy, reached the coast with a flag in his waist. Just before dying due to his injuries, he gave them the flag. Since then, It waves in the nunnery for each Spanish boat that berths in the bay.
🇬🇧 These St. Soledad Torres Acosta's spiritual daughters live in the nunnery on the top of the highest hill in San Juan de Puerto Rico Bay, the last founded by the saint. During Spanish-American War, a Spanish sailor, sinked his boat by the enemy, reached the coast with a flag in his waist. Just before dying due to his injuries, he gave them the flag. Since then, It waves in the nunnery for each Spanish boat that berths in the bay.
🇪🇸 Como parte de la política económica mercantilista, en boga en los siglos XVII y XVIII, los primeros Borbones crearon las manufacturas reales, fábricas de productos de altísima calidad (vidrios, tabaco, telas...). En 1760, Carlos III instaló en el parque del Retiro una fábrica de porcelanas que alcanzó fama internacional gracias a sus técnicas secretas. Para evitar su competencia, las tropas británicas la destruyeron durante la Guerra de la Independencia. Su solar es actualmente la Glorieta del Ángel Caído.
🇬🇧 As a part of the mercantilist policy, which reigned in 17-18th Centuries, first Borbon kings founded the Royal Manufactures. They were factories which elaborated products of the highest quality (glass, tobacco, fabrics...). In 1760, Charles III set up a porcelain factory in the Retiro Park, which reached international fame thanks to its secret techniques. British troops destroyed It in order to eliminate a rival. Its plot of land constitutes today the Fallen Angel Square.
🇬🇧 As a part of the mercantilist policy, which reigned in 17-18th Centuries, first Borbon kings founded the Royal Manufactures. They were factories which elaborated products of the highest quality (glass, tobacco, fabrics...). In 1760, Charles III set up a porcelain factory in the Retiro Park, which reached international fame thanks to its secret techniques. British troops destroyed It in order to eliminate a rival. Its plot of land constitutes today the Fallen Angel Square.
Forwarded from La Espada de Roma (Pérez)
Hoy es San Lorenzo. Nacido en Huesca, este diácono fue condenado a morir quemado en una parrilla, ejecutado en el siglo III.
Según se cuenta, San Lorenzo no sólo aguantó el dolor con honor sino que fue capaz de decir unas últimas palabras llenas de humor antes de morir. Al parecer, cuando el condenado ya estaba siendo abrasado, dijo a sus verdugos
“Dadme la vuelta, que por este lado ya estoy hecho"
Según se cuenta, San Lorenzo no sólo aguantó el dolor con honor sino que fue capaz de decir unas últimas palabras llenas de humor antes de morir. Al parecer, cuando el condenado ya estaba siendo abrasado, dijo a sus verdugos
“Dadme la vuelta, que por este lado ya estoy hecho"
🇪🇸 Hórreos, estas construcciones prerromanas del noroeste español aun en uso en algunos sitios eran (y son) utilizadas como almacen-secadero de cereales, especialmente mijo y maíz, como paso previo a la molienda y para el secado y almacenaje de otros alimentos.
🇬🇧 Horreums, this pre-roman constructions from the Spanish northwest were (and still are) used as cereal storages-dryers, specially for millet and corn as a previous step to milling, and also for the drying and storage of other cereals and products.
🇬🇧 Horreums, this pre-roman constructions from the Spanish northwest were (and still are) used as cereal storages-dryers, specially for millet and corn as a previous step to milling, and also for the drying and storage of other cereals and products.
🇪🇸 La palloza es un tipo de edificación tradicional del noroeste de España. Se usaban como alojamiento permanente para personas y ganado. Las primeras se construyeron en la época de los celtas, y permanecieron en uso hasta la década de 1990. Constan de un grueso muro de piedra de planta circular coronado por un tejado cónico de paja, llamado teito. Estas edificaciones son casi inigualables en cuanto al nivel de aislamiento térmico y sonoro que garantizan.
🇬🇧 Palloza is a traditional building from North-West Spain. It was used as permanent housing for people and livestock. The first ones were built in Celtic Ages, and they were inhabited until 1990s. Pallozas consist in a thick stone circular wall covered by a conical straw rooftop, known as teito. These buildings provide an almost unequalled thermal and sound insulation.
🇬🇧 Palloza is a traditional building from North-West Spain. It was used as permanent housing for people and livestock. The first ones were built in Celtic Ages, and they were inhabited until 1990s. Pallozas consist in a thick stone circular wall covered by a conical straw rooftop, known as teito. These buildings provide an almost unequalled thermal and sound insulation.
Forwarded from CÆSARIS LVPANAR LINGVISTICÆ AUTISMIQVE (CAESAR ROMAE)
One of the most famous pieces of Spanish literature, Don Quijote de la Mancha /don ki.χote de la man.tʃa/ demonstrates one of the most unique Castillian phonological traits that separates modern Spanish from all other Romance language and its earlier historical form.
That is, the pronunciation of 'j'. Compare the name of Quijote himself in French - Quichotte /ki.ʃot/ and in Portuguese - Quixote /ki.ʃoti/. Why did the translators of this great Spanish work transliterate the j in Quijote as a sh /ʃ/ sound constantly if it is pronounced /χ/ in modern Spanish? That is because this is how this phoneme was historically pronounced, and Quijote at the time it was written would have been pronounced /ki.ʃote/.
But the pronunciation of /ʃ/ became /χ/ before the birth of the Spanish Empire, and thus all the colonial dialects also use the newer pronunciation of /χ/, with only the Jewish variety of Spanish spoken in the middle east (especially the Ottoman Caliphate) retaining the /ʃ/ articulation of this phoneme.
That is, the pronunciation of 'j'. Compare the name of Quijote himself in French - Quichotte /ki.ʃot/ and in Portuguese - Quixote /ki.ʃoti/. Why did the translators of this great Spanish work transliterate the j in Quijote as a sh /ʃ/ sound constantly if it is pronounced /χ/ in modern Spanish? That is because this is how this phoneme was historically pronounced, and Quijote at the time it was written would have been pronounced /ki.ʃote/.
But the pronunciation of /ʃ/ became /χ/ before the birth of the Spanish Empire, and thus all the colonial dialects also use the newer pronunciation of /χ/, with only the Jewish variety of Spanish spoken in the middle east (especially the Ottoman Caliphate) retaining the /ʃ/ articulation of this phoneme.
🇪🇸 La historia del Castillo de Sagunto se remonta al siglo V a.C., cuando en el lugar se fundó la ciudad ibérica de Arse. Era una prospera ciudad, hasta que en el 218 a.C el famoso general cartaginés Aníbal la asedió durante meses con su ejército y comenzó a construir un castillo. Este asedio originó la reacción del ejército romano, dando lugar a la Segunda Guerra Púnica. Tras la victoria romana el castillo se terminó, y se construyó la muralla, pasando la ciudad a llamarse Saguntum.
🇬🇧 The history of Sagunto's Castle dates back to the 5th century BC, when the Iberian city of Arse was founded there. It was a prosperous city, until in 218 BC the famous Carthaginian general Hannibal besieged it for months with his army and began to build a castle. This siege caused the reaction of the Roman army, giving rise to the Second Punic War. After the Roman victory the castle was finished and the walls were built, renaming the town to Saguntum.
🇬🇧 The history of Sagunto's Castle dates back to the 5th century BC, when the Iberian city of Arse was founded there. It was a prosperous city, until in 218 BC the famous Carthaginian general Hannibal besieged it for months with his army and began to build a castle. This siege caused the reaction of the Roman army, giving rise to the Second Punic War. After the Roman victory the castle was finished and the walls were built, renaming the town to Saguntum.