#python #programming #question #advanced #osoperations

Write a Python program that demonstrates advanced operating system interactions with the following requirements:

1. List all files and directories in the current directory with detailed information (size, modification time).
2. Create a new directory and move a file into it.
3. Execute a system command to list processes and capture its output.
4. Get the current user's home directory and environment variables.
5. Check if a process is running by name.
6. Set and get environment variables.
7. Create a temporary file and clean it up after use.

import os
import subprocess
import shutil
import tempfile
import psutil
from pathlib import Path
import sys

# 1. List files and directories with detailed information
def list_directory_details():
    print("Directory contents with details:")
    for entry in os.scandir('.'):
        try:
            stat = entry.stat()
            print(f"{entry.name:<20} {stat.st_size:>8} bytes, "
                  f"modified: {stat.st_mtime}")
        except Exception as e:
            print(f"{entry.name}: Error - {e}")

# 2. Create directory and move file
def create_and_move_file():
    # Create new directory
    new_dir = "test_directory"
    os.makedirs(new_dir, exist_ok=True)
    
    # Create a test file
    test_file = "test_file.txt"
    with open(test_file, 'w') as f:
        f.write("This is a test file.")
    
    # Move file to new directory
    destination = os.path.join(new_dir, test_file)
    shutil.move(test_file, destination)
    
    print(f"Moved {test_file} to {destination}")

# 3. Execute system command and capture output
def execute_system_command():
    # List processes using ps command
    result = subprocess.run(['ps', '-eo', 'pid,comm'], 
                          capture_output=True, text=True)
    
    print("\nRunning processes:")
    print(result.stdout)

# 4. Get user information
def get_user_info():
    print(f"\nCurrent user: {os.getlogin()}")
    print(f"Home directory: {os.path.expanduser('~')}")
    print(f"Current working directory: {os.getcwd()}")

# 5. Check if process is running
def check_process_running(process_name):
    for proc in psutil.process_iter(['name']):
        try:
            if process_name.lower() in proc.info['name'].lower():
                return True
        except (psutil.NoSuchProcess, psutil.AccessDenied, psutil.ZombieProcess):
            pass
    return False

# 6. Environment variables
def manage_environment_variables():
    # Get environment variables
    print(f"\nPATH variable: {os.environ.get('PATH')}")
    print(f"HOME variable: {os.environ.get('HOME')}")
    
    # Set a new environment variable
    os.environ['TEST_VAR'] = 'Hello from Python'
    print(f"Set TEST_VAR: {os.environ.get('TEST_VAR')}")

# 7. Temporary files
def use_temporary_files():
    # Create temporary file
    with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(delete=False) as temp:
        temp.write(b"This is a temporary file.")
        temp_path = temp.name
    
    print(f"Created temporary file: {temp_path}")
    
    # Clean up
    os.unlink(temp_path)
    print("Temporary file deleted.")

# Main function to demonstrate all techniques
def main():
    print("=== Operating System Operations Demo ===\n")
    
    # 1. List directory details
    list_directory_details()
    
    # 2. Create directory and move file
    create_and_move_file()
    
    # 3. Execute system command
    execute_system_command()
    
    # 4. Get user info
    get_user_info()
    
    # 5. Check if process is running
    print(f"\nIs Python running? {check_process_running('python')}")
    
    # 6. Manage environment variables
    manage_environment_variables()
    
    # 7. Use temporary files
    use_temporary_files()
    
    print("\nAll operations completed successfully.")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

By: @DataScienceQ 🚀