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# 1. List Creation
my_list = [1, "hello", 3.14, True]
empty_list = []
numbers = list(range(5)) # [0, 1, 2, 3, 4]

# 2. Accessing Elements (Indexing & Slicing)
first_element = my_list[0]     # 1
last_element = my_list[-1]    # True
sub_list = my_list[1:3]       # ["hello", 3.14]
copy_all = my_list[:]         # [1, "hello", 3.14, True]

# 3. Modifying Elements
my_list[1] = "world"          # my_list is now [1, "world", 3.14, True]

# 4. Adding Elements
my_list.append(False)         # [1, "world", 3.14, True, False]
my_list.insert(1, "new item") # [1, "new item", "world", 3.14, True, False]
another_list = [5, 6]
my_list.extend(another_list)  # [1, "new item", "world", 3.14, True, False, 5, 6]

# 5. Removing Elements
removed_value = my_list.pop() # Removes and returns last item (6)
removed_at_index = my_list.pop(1) # Removes and returns "new item"
my_list.remove("world")       # Removes the first occurrence of "world"
del my_list[0]                # Deletes item at index 0 (1)
my_list.clear()               # Removes all items, list becomes []

# Re-create for other examples
numbers = [3, 1, 4, 1, 5, 9, 2]

# 6. List Information
list_length = len(numbers)    # 7
count_ones = numbers.count(1) # 2
index_of_five = numbers.index(5) # 4 (first occurrence)
is_present = 9 in numbers     # True
is_not_present = 10 not in numbers # True

# 7. Sorting
numbers_sorted_asc = sorted(numbers) # Returns new list: [1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9]
numbers.sort(reverse=True)          # Sorts in-place: [9, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 1]

# 8. Reversing
numbers.reverse()                   # Reverses in-place: [1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9]

# 9. Iteration
for item in numbers:
    # print(item)
    pass # Placeholder for loop body

# 10. List Comprehensions (Concise creation/transformation)
squares = [x**2 for x in range(5)] # [0, 1, 4, 9, 16]
even_numbers = [x for x in numbers if x % 2 == 0] # [2, 4]