List of most asked Programming Interview Questions.

Are you preparing for a coding interview? This tweet is for you. It contains a list of the most asked interview questions from each topic.

Arrays

- How is an array sorted using quicksort?
- How do you reverse an array?
- How do you remove duplicates from an array?
- How do you find the 2nd largest number in an unsorted integer array?

Linked Lists

- How do you find the length of a linked list?
- How do you reverse a linked list?
- How do you find the third node from the end?
- How are duplicate nodes removed in an unsorted linked list?

Strings

- How do you check if a string contains only digits?
- How can a given string be reversed?
- How do you find the first non-repeated character?
- How do you find duplicate characters in strings?

Binary Trees

- How are all leaves of a binary tree printed?
- How do you check if a tree is a binary search tree?
- How is a binary search tree implemented?
- Find the lowest common ancestor in a binary tree?

Graph

- How to detect a cycle in a directed graph?
- How to detect a cycle in an undirected graph?
- Find the total number of strongly connected components?
- Find whether a path exists between two nodes of a graph?
- Find the minimum number of swaps required to sort an array.

Dynamic Programming

1. Find the longest common subsequence?
2. Find the longest common substring?
3. Coin change problem?
4. Box stacking problem?
5. Count the number of ways to cover a distance?

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Web Development Essentials to build modern, responsive websites:

1. HTML (Structure)
Tags, Elements, and Attributes
Headings, Paragraphs, Lists
Forms, Inputs, Buttons
Images, Videos, Links
Semantic HTML: <header>, <nav>, <main>, <footer>

2. CSS (Styling)
Selectors, Properties, and Values
Box Model (margin, padding, border)
Flexbox & Grid Layout
Positioning (static, relative, absolute, fixed, sticky)
Media Queries (Responsive Design)

3. JavaScript (Interactivity)
Variables, Data Types, Operators
Functions, Conditionals, Loops
DOM Manipulation (getElementById, addEventListener)
Events (click, submit, change)
Arrays & Objects

4. Version Control (Git & GitHub)
Initialize repository, clone, commit, push, pull
Branching and merge conflicts
Hosting code on GitHub

5. Responsive Design
Mobile-first approach
Viewport meta tag
Flexbox and CSS Grid for layouts
Using relative units (%, em, rem)

6. Browser Dev Tools
Inspect elements
Console for debugging JavaScript
Network tab for API requests

7. Basic SEO & Accessibility
Title tags, meta descriptions
Alt attributes for images
Proper use of semantic tags

8. Deployment
Hosting on GitHub Pages, Netlify, or Vercel
Domain name basics
Continuous deployment setup

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✅ 8-Week Beginner Roadmap to Learn Web Development 🌐✨

🗓️ Week 1: Build a Strong Foundation
⦁ Learn HTML: structure web content with tags, lists, tables, forms
⦁ Learn CSS: style webpages using selectors, properties, layouts
⦁ Practice on interactive platforms like freeCodeCamp or The Odin Project

🗓️ Week 2: Dive into JavaScript Basics
⦁ Understand variables, functions, loops, conditionals, events
⦁ Get familiar with making pages interactive (e.g., to-do list, calculator)
⦁ Use small projects to solidify learning

🗓️ Week 3: Advanced CSS & Responsive Design
⦁ Learn Flexbox, Grid, media queries for responsive layouts
⦁ Explore CSS frameworks like Bootstrap or Tailwind CSS
⦁ Practice building mobile-friendly web pages

🗓️ Week 4: Front-End Frameworks Basics
⦁ Choose one: React.js (most popular), Vue.js (easy for beginners), or Angular
⦁ Learn component-based architecture and state management basics
⦁ Build small UI components (buttons, forms, modals)

🗓️ Week 5: Version Control with Git & GitHub
⦁ Learn Git basics: init, add, commit, branch, merge, push
⦁ Host projects on GitHub and understand collaboration workflows
⦁ Practice by pushing your previous week projects

🗓️ Week 6: Back-End Basics
⦁ Understand what servers and APIs are
⦁ Learn a backend language like Node.js (JavaScript) or Python (recommended for beginners)
⦁ Explore databases basics (SQL or NoSQL) and CRUD operations

🗓️ Week 7: Building Full-Stack Applications
⦁ Combine front-end and back-end skills in simple projects
⦁ Learn about RESTful APIs, authentication & authorization basics
⦁ Deploy projects on platforms like Heroku, Netlify, or Vercel

🗓️ Week 8: Capstone Project + Deployment
⦁ Build a complete web app (e.g., blog, to-do list, portfolio) from scratch
⦁ Make sure it’s responsive, interactive, and connected to a database
⦁ Deploy and share it online (GitHub + hosting platform)

💡 Tips:
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⦁ Use resources like freeCodeCamp, The Odin Project, or YouTube tutorials

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✅ Frontend Developer Essential Skills Checklist 🌐👨‍💻

1️⃣ HTML (Structure) 
▪ Tags, Elements, Attributes 
▪ Forms, Tables, Lists 
▪ Semantic HTML

2️⃣ CSS (Styling) 
▪ Selectors, Box Model 
▪ Flexbox & Grid 
▪ Media Queries (Responsive Design) 
▪ CSS Animations & Transitions

3️⃣ JavaScript (Functionality) 
▪ Variables, Loops, Functions 
▪ DOM Manipulation 
▪ Events & Event Listeners 
▪ ES6+ Features (let/const, arrow functions, destructuring)

4️⃣ Version Control (Git + GitHub) 
▪ init, add, commit, push, pull 
▪ Branching & Merging 
▪ Hosting projects on GitHub

5️⃣ Responsive Design 
▪ Mobile-first design 
▪ Breakpoints 
▪ Viewport units & rem/em

6️⃣ Frontend Frameworks 
▪ React.js (most popular) 
▪ Understanding Components, Props, State 
▪ JSX & Hooks (useState, useEffect)

7️⃣ Package Managers & Tools 
▪ npm/yarn basics 
▪ Install & use libraries (e.g., Axios, React Router) 
▪ Basic bundlers (Webpack, Vite - optional)

8️⃣ APIs & Fetching Data 
▪ Fetch API / Axios 
▪ Async/Await 
▪ Working with JSON

9️⃣ Deployment 
▪ GitHub Pages, Netlify, Vercel 
▪ Hosting static or React apps 
▪ Basic CI/CD knowledge (bonus)

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🔟 Web development project ideas for beginners

Personal Portfolio Website: Create a website showcasing your skills, projects, and resume. This will help you practice HTML, CSS, and potentially some JavaScript for interactivity.

To-Do List App: Build a simple to-do list application using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. You can gradually enhance it by adding features like task priority, due dates, and local storage.

Blog Platform: Create a basic blog platform where users can create, edit, and delete posts. This will give you experience with user authentication, databases, and CRUD operations.

E-commerce Website: Design a mock e-commerce site to learn about product listings, shopping carts, and checkout processes. This project will introduce you to handling user input and creating dynamic content.

Weather App: Develop a weather app that fetches data from a weather API and displays current conditions and forecasts. This project will involve API integration and working with JSON data.

Recipe Sharing Site: Build a platform where users can share and browse recipes. You can implement search functionality and user authentication to enhance the project.

Social Media Dashboard: Create a simplified social media dashboard that displays metrics like followers, likes, and comments. This project will help you practice data visualization and working with APIs.

Online Quiz App: Develop an online quiz application that lets users take quizzes on various topics. You can include features like multiple-choice questions, timers, and score tracking.

Personal Blog: Start your own blog by developing a content management system (CMS) where you can create, edit, and publish articles. This will give you hands-on experience with database management.

Event Countdown Timer: Build a countdown timer for upcoming events. You can make it interactive by allowing users to set their own event names and dates.

Remember, the key is to start small and gradually add complexity to your projects as you become more comfortable with different technologies concepts. These projects will not only showcase your skills to potential employers but also help you learn and grow as a web developer.

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YouTube channels for web development languages:

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HTML/CSS 🎨 – Kevin Powell
JavaScript 🌐 – The Net Ninja
TypeScript 📘 – Academind
React ⚛️ – Traversy Media
Angular 🔺 – Academind
Vue. js 🟩 – Vue Mastery

𝗕𝗮𝗰𝗸𝗲𝗻𝗱 𝗟𝗮𝗻𝗴𝘂𝗮𝗴𝗲𝘀 & 𝗙𝗿𝗮𝗺𝗲𝘄𝗼𝗿𝗸𝘀
Node. js 🚀 – Traversy Media
PHP 🐘 – PHP Academy
Ruby on Rails 💎 – Drifting Ruby
Django (Python) 🐍 – Corey Schafer
Flask (Python) 🔥 – Pretty Printed
ASP. NET (C#) 🎯 – IAmTimCorey

𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮𝗯𝗮𝘀𝗲𝘀 & 𝗗𝗲𝘃𝗢𝗽𝘀
SQL 🗄️ – DataSimplifier
MongoDB 🍃 – MongoDB Official
Docker 🐳 – TechWorld with Nana

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🔹 JS + D3.js = Interactive data visualizations
🔹 JS + Three.js = 3D graphics in the browser
🔹 JS + Jest = Unit & integration testing
🔹 JS + jQuery = Easy DOM manipulation
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🔹 JS + Express = Build web servers & backends
🔹 JS + Phaser = Game development
🔹 JS + Electron = Cross-platform desktop apps
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Website Development Roadmap – 2025

🔹 Stage 1: HTML – Learn the basics of web page structure.

🔹 Stage 2: CSS – Style and enhance web pages (Flexbox, Grid, Animations).

🔹 Stage 3: JavaScript (ES6+) – Add interactivity and dynamic features.

🔹 Stage 4: Git & GitHub – Manage code versions and collaborate.

🔹 Stage 5: Responsive Design – Make websites mobile-friendly (Media Queries, Bootstrap, Tailwind CSS).

🔹 Stage 6: UI/UX Basics – Understand user experience and design principles.

🔹 Stage 7: JavaScript Frameworks – Learn React.js, Vue.js, or Angular for interactive UIs.

🔹 Stage 8: Backend Development – Use Node.js, PHP, Python, or Ruby to
build server-side logic.

🔹 Stage 9: Databases – Work with MySQL, PostgreSQL, or MongoDB for data storage.

🔹 Stage 10: RESTful APIs & GraphQL – Create APIs for data communication.

🔹 Stage 11: Authentication & Security – Implement JWT, OAuth, and HTTPS best practices.

🔹 Stage 12: Full Stack Project – Build a fully functional website with both frontend and backend.
🔹 Stage 13: Testing & Debugging – Use Jest, Cypress, or other testing tools.
🔹 Stage 14: Deployment – Host websites using Netlify, Vercel, or cloud services.
🔹 Stage 15: Performance Optimization – Improve website speed (Lazy Loading, CDN, Caching).

📂 Web Development Resources

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Backend Developer Essential Concepts 👆

✅ Python for Web Development (Flask / Django) 🧑‍💻🌐

Want to build web apps with Python? Two top frameworks to know:

1️⃣ Flask – Lightweight & Flexible
⦁  Micro-framework, perfect for beginners
⦁  Simple, fast & easy to scale
⦁  Key concepts: 
   -  @app.route() — define URLs 
   -  render_template() — load HTML pages 
   -  request, session, redirect — handle forms, sessions & navigation 
   -  Uses Jinja2 for dynamic HTML
⦁  Sample code:

from flask import Flask, render_template

app = Flask(__name__)

@app.route('/')
def home():
    return "Hello, Flask!"

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app.run(debug=True)

⦁  Use Flask for small web apps, APIs, prototypes & dashboards

2️⃣ Django – Full-Featured Framework
⦁  Powerful, batteries-included framework
⦁  Built-in admin panel, ORM, authentication & more
⦁  Core parts: 
   -  Models → Database 
   -  Views → Logic 
   -  Templates → Frontend 
   -  URLs → Routing 
   -  Admin → Auto-generated UI for DB
⦁  Use Django for large web apps like eCommerce, blogs, CMS with auth & permissions

🛠️ Helpful tools to learn:
⦁  HTML/CSS basics
⦁  JavaScript for interactivity
⦁  Postman to test APIs
⦁  SQLite/PostgreSQL databases

📌 Tip: Start with Flask to learn basics, then move to Django for full-stack apps!

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