How does Spotify get millions of songs and info about those songs from record labels into their storage system???

As a bit of a test I am trying to create a beta version of a music streaming app but then the question it hit me, how did Spotify upload millions of information about the songs (Like Artists and Song names) into their database along with the songs files themselves???

https://redd.it/e8gks7
@r_devops

Do we have to stop docker-compose every time we update the docker images that we are using?

I am trying to use a script to automate pulling docker images from my docker hub and then use \`docker-compose up\` to put my server up (I don't need to \`docker-compose build\` again since I'm using images).

One thing that I wasn't able to find the answer online is, do I have to stop docker-compose every time whenever I re-up the server with the updated images with new tags?

What I do right now is:

services:
frontend:
container_name: frontend
image: "dockerhub_url/...:tag"
ports:
- "80:80"

in my docker-compose.yml but when I change the tag to the recent one, not sure if I have to stop the docker-compose then put it up again.

Thanks in advance!

https://redd.it/e8i4qn
@r_devops

Does having a CDN such as AWS built with my website/App makes Music or video streaming faster and more reactive?

So I am currently working on a beta music and music video streaming app using the flutter framework but I realized that each time I try to skip to a next song, it takes some time to load before the next song plays. In order to solve this issue do you think that a CDN server will be able to help so that as soon as I skip to the other song it will play instantly or a bit faster?

https://redd.it/e8jauf
@r_devops

Intern looking for some test proxy server advice

Hey guys, first timer here so correct me if I am doing anything wrong.

I am currently an intern at a Software company and they have recently asked me to take on a new project. I need to build a test proxy server that will run against one of our micro services. I am currently in the Crawl segment of my research and just hoping to get some advice or some interesting reading/viewing material that could help me get a better understanding to what I am trying to accomplish. Everything helps and I greatly appreciate any help y'all are willing to offer.

https://redd.it/e8eqm1
@r_devops

[AWS] sending a notification from account X to an SNS topic in account Y.

Hey. I'm trying to send a notification to an SNS topic that is in a different account and region than the one I'm sending it from, but when it comes time to choose the topic, it can't seem to access the topic that exists in the other account. Can anyone share some links to help me out with relevant reading?

​

If I put in the ARN in "send notification to..." when creating an alarm, it tells me:

"This IAM user does not have permission to access the SNS topics and subscriptions for this account."

​

Thanks!

https://redd.it/e8ci16
@r_devops

No More Youtube Ads + More with Clutch Chrome Extension

[https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/smuuvr/emfncmdgioneiofbidgfafcekldnfbld?hl=en-US](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/smuuvr/emfncmdgioneiofbidgfafcekldnfbld?hl=en-US)

https://redd.it/e8mrre
@r_devops

What if we deploy on Friday?

Monday or Friday, how does it matter?

If the team is terrified to deploy on Fridays, that just seems like the team is not yet ready and is not confident enough with its DevOps capabilities. It means the firm's DevOps initiatives are not matured enough.

DevOps is (it's a culture, I know) about failing fast and learning fast, so you get the first-mover advantage, just like the initial companies who dared and used Docker and Kubernetes in production are the ones that are reaping enormous benefits today. Isn't it?

But my question is, how does it matter whether it is a Monday, Tuesday or Friday to deploy?

I think that the Deployment distribution graph is an interesting way of measuring your level of DevOps maturity. If you aren't on this level yet, try to get there.

BTW, you don't say you are doing DevOps just because you are using Jenkins. It is about consistency and matured CI, CD pipelines in place. A complete culture setup for dev and ops with a great collaboration mindset.

Note: CD has two different meanings, continuous delivery and continuous deployment.

Correct me if I am wrong:)

https://redd.it/e8m0wn
@r_devops

A tool prompts me for a token as input. Can I make Ansible automatically give the prompt the required input?

In the playbook i execute a tool...the tool says "enter token to use" I usually just paste the token in manually. Can I make ansible do this for me? To my knowledge I don't think I can feed the tool a text file as input.

https://redd.it/e8jve3
@r_devops

Windows deployment & IAC

Hello everyone,

In my current company, we deploy baremetal servers and VMs (immutable), all in on-premise and on Windows.

We used WDS/MDT/GPO for OS deployment & configuration.

And difficult to have a full overview of the configuration, as it's done with few software..

So since few weeks, I checked what will be the best way to move to IaC.

First we have Jenkins/Gitlab servers in production (Just in case...).

My goal is:

\- Store all the OS configuration/Postinstall scripts in Gitlab.

\- During OS deployment, load all the configuration from Gitlab (Pull).

\- Stop with the multitude of Windows WIM files.

\- Be able to launch unit tests from Jenkins (based on what we do during post installation)

\- Use the same WIM file to deploy VM & Bare metal servers.

\- Stop with PXE (iPXE, UEFI http boot, ...), too slow and not secure.

\- On-click deployment: Technician select the OS & project to deploy (IIS server, ...)

Problem:

I read tons of documentations, reddit posts, etc...

But difficult to find the best way to do what I want.

DSC seems to be a good product (embedded), but end of life if I have understood.

Ansible only support push mode.

[Glazier](https://github.com/google/glazier) another candidate, boot on a WinPE and deploy server from a source control, but not a lot of docs found.

[Setupcomplete.cmd](https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/dn898472(v=vs.60)): I can maybe load a PS script that will download configuration scripts from Gitlab and run it.

Other: Packer from Hashicorp, BoxStarter, ...

On your side, what do you use to provision Windows on On-premise server (VM & Bare-metal) ?

Thanks for your feedback :)

https://redd.it/e8fmrw
@r_devops

AWS security, compliance + efficiency



Trend Micro recently acquired the ability to scan, report on, and auto correct (if so desired) cloud accounts against both the “Amazon Well Architected Framework” and “NIST 800-53”. In just a few clicks, you can have complete visibility across your cloud workloads and we can help you stay compliant in an ongoing manual and/or automated fashion.

**A demo of our new cloud configuration solution, Cloud Conformity, takes under 30 minutes. Anyone interested in a call next week?**

https://redd.it/e8fagx
@r_devops

Vault OSS - Backups?

Just trying to get my head round deploying vault and getting some form of DR in place. We have 3 nodes in 3 AZs and three Consul nodes providing backing. From my understanding Consul provides a snapshot capability that we can use to snapshot the storage for a point in time of the store. Reading around some of the mailing lists I can see that there is a discussion that restoring from a storage backup may lead to vault being in an inconsistent state.

I am struggling to get my head around the process for recovering from a total vault/consul outage - essentially an etch-a-sketch end of the world where we no longer have vault nodes or consul nodes. Would it be a case of spinning out new clusters of each and then restoring the consul snapshot to the consul nodes? I feel that there is sufficient HA to cover the majority of failures but would feel happier if I knew we could recover the whole thing if needed. Or is it that the key/value store is not that important to recover as vault can regenerate but the policies we wrote on the vault server are more critical to recover?

https://redd.it/e8ptyk
@r_devops

How are you supposed to provision RDS when using Elastic Beanstalk & Terraform?

I'm setting up a Rails app with Elastic Beanstalk & Terraform.

The app requires some initialization in the database, some seeding & such.

I don't understand how i am actually supposed to do this.

- There is apparently no way to specify container_commands through Terraform.

- I was thinking of running a local_exec provisioner & importing a `.sql` file, but that would require the database to be exposed publicly or having some kind of bastion ec2 instance which seems overly complicated.

- There might be a way to use a launch script, but i dont know how you are supposed to tell it to only run on the initial deploy & on one machine.

Should i just not use Beanstalk? This seems like a very trivial problem and i cannot find any info on solving this.

https://redd.it/e8e2pb
@r_devops

What role does Enterprise Architecture play in your DevOps team / organisation ?

What role does EA (Enterprise Architecture) play in your DevOps team or organization? It's a hot take for some time now that EA might be redundant as design can be done by teams themselves, or that they should provide some guidelines based on money / business requirements.
However in other organizations they still have an iron grip on every piece of design and using Architecture documents enforce old fashioned standards on teams.
Some try to create more deliverable architecture, use documentation in code and provide shield for audits to have a broader relevance in DevOps.

In any case, the field is changing and different approaches to it are taken. I was curious to hear about your opinion and / or your organizations stance.

https://redd.it/e8srtj
@r_devops

Is anyone using eBPF for monitoring?

Did some research the past few weeks on monitoring startups using eBPF (link below).

Outside of a few large tech companies (Facebook and Netflix in particular) and some startups building products *using* eBFP, is anyone using actually using it for system, network, or application monitoring? If so, what has your experience been like?

My post on startups using it + some background:

[https://monitoring2.substack.com/p/ebpf-a-new-bff-for-observability](https://monitoring2.substack.com/p/ebpf-a-new-bff-for-observability)

https://redd.it/e8tqu7
@r_devops

Would Love Some Help Translating This IBM Listing

I've been deep in Python for a while now, and I'm growing more confident in my abilities to code, but I know I'm still a beginner. I've been trolling around the internet looking for good entry-level jobs where I could get both experience in the field and some professional mentoring from seasoned programmers. This lead me to IBM, where I found half a dozen entry-level openings for devs and enigneers. One of them is a DevOps position located here:
[https://careers.ibm.com/ShowJob/Id/717577/Entry-Level-DevOps-Developer-Engineer/?lang=en](https://careers.ibm.com/ShowJob/Id/717577/Entry-Level-DevOps-Developer-Engineer/?lang=en)

Now, I have no CS degree or prior experience, but I'm learning a lot on my own, have a reference inside IBM, and am **thirsty** for a position in this field and will do the legwork to get there.

To you, the experienced members of r/devops, what would you say are good things a candidate for this position should be able to do. It's a bit vague in some areas, like the "You are great at solving problems" part, but I'd like to know how to focus my study. Thank you.

https://redd.it/e8usgo
@r_devops

Jira/Atlassian documentation is insane

Please tell me im not the only one going insane trying to comprehend the atlassian documentation on jira development? I would would regard myself as a competent developer but it cant just be me finding the docs hard to read and understand, it reals like its been written by an inifinite amount of monkeys!

has anyone worked on jira before, written any react apps or extended the base code with java. We are looking to invest time and resources into building an application for our business to use daily im wondering is it worth it, the documentation is putting me off and giving me red flags, should I beware of using jira?

https://redd.it/e8qdw4
@r_devops

Best options to monitor Nginx

Just wondering what people are using to monitor/graph Nginx web servers. I have A grafana/prometheus setup already in use for other metrics so I'm learning toward using one of the Nginx prometheus exporters, I see two on their official exporters page Nginx metric library and Nginx VTS exporter (not sure what the difference between the two is yet or which is better). Then there are other options such as collectd/telegraph etc. I assume using a prometheus exporter may be the best route?

https://redd.it/e8slbe
@r_devops

Issues deploying Consul onto Kops Kubernetes cluster

I'm having some issues deploying Consul via the offical helm chart to a Kubernetes cluster created using Helm. I have a 3 master, 3 worker node (testing only prod will be larger) cluster, I use the helm chart along with the latest version

Command used for deployment

helm install consul-dev ./consul-helm --namespace=development

As you can see I am using a pretty basic setup - the defaults just put into a namespace.

​

Seeing this error when I describe server 0

Warning FailedScheduling 25s (x5 over 3m28s) default-scheduler 0/6 nodes are available: 6 node(s) had taints that the pod didn't tolerate.

​

Output of describing a worker node. Looks like there is a taint but I never put that there so not sure why it'd be there.

me@LAPTOP-LINUX:~/$ kubectl describe node ip-10-0-111-37.ec2.internal
Name: ip-10-0-111-37.ec2.internal
Roles: node
Labels: beta.kubernetes.io/arch=amd64
beta.kubernetes.io/instance-type=t3.small
beta.kubernetes.io/os=linux
failure-domain.beta.kubernetes.io/region=us-east-1
failure-domain.beta.kubernetes.io/zone=us-east-1c
kops.k8s.io/instancegroup=nodes
kubernetes.io/hostname=ip-10-0-111-37.ec2.internal
kubernetes.io/role=node
node-role.kubernetes.io/node=
Annotations: flannel.alpha.coreos.com/backend-data: {"VtepMAC":"ce:d4:a9:0c:25:79"}
flannel.alpha.coreos.com/backend-type: vxlan
flannel.alpha.coreos.com/kube-subnet-manager: true
flannel.alpha.coreos.com/public-ip: 10.0.111.37
node.alpha.kubernetes.io/ttl: 0
volumes.kubernetes.io/controller-managed-attach-detach: true
CreationTimestamp: Tue, 10 Dec 2019 18:41:24 -0500
Taints: node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoExecute
node.kubernetes.io/unreachable:NoSchedule
Unschedulable: false
Conditions:
Type Status LastHeartbeatTime LastTransitionTime Reason Message
---- ------ ----------------- ------------------ ------ -------
MemoryPressure Unknown Tue, 10 Dec 2019 18:43:31 -0500 Tue, 10 Dec 2019 18:44:14 -0500 NodeStatusUnknown Kubelet stopped posting node status.
DiskPressure Unknown Tue, 10 Dec 2019 18:43:31 -0500 Tue, 10 Dec 2019 18:44:14 -0500 NodeStatusUnknown Kubelet stopped posting node status.
PIDPressure Unknown Tue, 10 Dec 2019 18:43:31 -0500 Tue, 10 Dec 2019 18:44:14 -0500 NodeStatusUnknown Kubelet stopped posting node status.
Ready Unknown Tue, 10 Dec 2019 18:43:31 -0500 Tue, 10 Dec 2019 18:44:14 -0500 NodeStatusUnknown Kubelet stopped posting node status.
OutOfDisk Unknown Tue, 10 Dec 2019 18:41:24 -0500 Tue, 10 Dec 2019 18:44:14 -0500 NodeStatusNeverUpdated Kubelet never posted node status.
Addresses:
InternalIP: 10.0.111.37
Hostname: ip-10-0-111-37.ec2.internal
InternalDNS: ip-10-0-111-37.ec2.internal
Capacity:
attachable-volumes-aws-ebs: 25
cpu: 2
ephemeral-storage: 125753328Ki
hugepages-1Gi: 0
hugepages-2Mi: 0
memory: 2013532Ki
pods: 110
Allocatable:
attachable-volumes-aws-ebs: 25
cpu: 2
ephemeral-storage: 115894266893
hugepages-1Gi: 0
hugepages-2Mi: 0
memory: 1911132Ki
pods: 110
System Info:
Machine ID: <ID>
System UUID:

<ID>
Boot ID: <ID>
Kernel Version: 4.9.0-11-amd64
OS Image: Debian GNU/Linux 9 (stretch)
Operating System: linux
Architecture: amd64
Container Runtime Version: docker://18.6.3
Kubelet Version: v1.13.12
Kube-Proxy Version: v1.13.12
PodCIDR: 100.96.10.0/24
ProviderID: aws:///us-east-1c/i-0fd2d3538b39b1952
Non-terminated Pods: (2 in total)
Namespace Name CPU Requests CPU Limits Memory Requests Memory Limits AGE
--------- ---- ------------ ---------- --------------- ------------- ---
kube-system kube-flannel-ds-fwhgt 100m (5%) 0 (0%) 100Mi (5%) 100Mi (5%) 32m
kube-system kube-proxy-ip-10-0-111-37.ec2.internal 100m (5%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 0 (0%) 32m
Allocated resources:
(Total limits may be over 100 percent, i.e., overcommitted.)
Resource Requests Limits
-------- -------- ------
cpu 200m (10%) 0 (0%)
memory 100Mi (5%) 100Mi (5%)
ephemeral-storage 0 (0%) 0 (0%)
attachable-volumes-aws-ebs 0 0
Events:
Type Reason Age From Message
---- ------ ---- ---- -------
Normal Starting 32m kubelet, ip-10-0-111-37.ec2.internal Starting kubelet.
Normal NodeHasSufficientMemory 32m (x2 over 32m) kubelet, ip-10-0-111-37.ec2.internal Node ip-10-0-111-37.ec2.internal status is now: NodeHasSufficientMemory
Normal NodeHasNoDiskPressure 32m (x2 over 32m) kubelet, ip-10-0-111-37.ec2.internal Node ip-10-0-111-37.ec2.internal status is now: NodeHasNoDiskPressure
Normal NodeHasSufficientPID 32m (x2 over 32m) kubelet, ip-10-0-111-37.ec2.internal Node ip-10-0-111-37.ec2.internal status is now: NodeHasSufficientPID
Normal NodeAllocatableEnforced 32m kubelet, ip-10-0-111-37.ec2.internal Updated Node Allocatable limit across pods
Normal Starting 32m kube-proxy, ip-10-0-111-37.ec2.internal Starting kube-proxy.
Normal NodeReady 31m kubelet, ip-10-0-111-37.ec2.internal Node ip-10-0-111-37.ec2.internal status is now: NodeReady

Line matching for a node in `kubectl get nodes`

ip-10-0-111-37.ec2.internal NotReady node 36m v1.13.12

https://redd.it/e8zaeu
@r_devops

Verification of database changes?

Hey r/devops,

First off, I apologize if I am on the wrong subreddit for this, I'm a "junior devops" in my company so I felt this question would be appropriate here. I also apologize for any formatting issue or vagueness of my question.

I was wondering if I might be able to get some guidance on a problem I have.

We have a Hortonworks Hive database. I'm one of the people responsible to migrating/applying database changes using scripts that the developers have given me.

They've been asking for some automated way of tracking database changes and outputting a report of what has changed after a migration.

i.e.
Table A = col 1, 2, 3

Table A after migration = col 1, 2, 3, 4

Report = Table A after migration = col 4 added. Script that applied change to Table A successfully ran.

The program has to read the script it's about to apply, apply it, then confirm whether the change successfully applied or not. They don't want a report that they have to read through, they want it to just confirm that everything worked automatically.

The real problems are these:

1. I have ideas on how to do this but they seem extremely tedious and I don't have time to do it on top of all the other stuff they're asking me to do.

2. I basically have no tools or the ability to install tools. All I have is some extremely limited jenkins and whatever bash/python comes installed with an Amazon EC2 instance Linux Redhat OS. I can't install anything else, even python libraries. (At least server wide, if it fits in my home directory, it can work.)

Is there some application of bash/python script that can help me with this? How have others done it without anything but bash and python?

I've already looked at tools like Liquibase, but my company refuses to install anything.

Sorry for the wall of text.

https://redd.it/e909tu
@r_devops