Volume types in Kubernetes

This image is an extract from one of our deployment.yaml files and I've obviously used dummy values for privacy. Apparently I'm only supposed to use either emptyDir, persistentVolumeClaim, configMap or secrets for volume types. I'm a noob to k8s so currently have no clue what any of that is, but the question is, how can I modify that yaml file to use one of the required volumes types?

https://redd.it/13i2d9b
@r_devops

Continuous Delivery - When do you tag?

I'm curious to know when do you tag for release? Do you tag after validation in a testing environment and then promote to staging and then production?

1. Development
2. Integration
3. Testing # I'd tag after validating here
4. Staging
5. Production

Do you even use tags?

https://redd.it/13i3fqk
@r_devops

What do you use for your pipelines?

I want something that works greatly in local and CI environments and is portable.

I've used GitLab CI and Makefiles and while they work, they have too many problems for me.

I've heard about Earthly and Taskfiles. What other alternatives do you recommend and why?

https://redd.it/13i6ewv
@r_devops

Pivoting into DevOps from an Unrelated Profession

Hey folks,

I've spent the past 4 years of my career in Marketing. I have a Bachelor's degree in IT, but I got into Marketing right after getting the degree. My career in marketing is nowhere related to tech. I wish I was doing tech sales, but I worked in e-commerce. Over the past year or so, I've been doing a ton of online courses on Cloud/DevOps and have genuinely developed an interest in DevOps. I even recently got the AWS solutions architect associate certification.


I am trying to figure out how do I market myself as someone who is fit to work in Cloud Engineering/DevOps/SRE. More specifically, what should my resume look like since I cannot mention anything about marketing. I am completely fine with starting on the ground floor (Junior/entry level positions).

Please help me. Thanks very much!

https://redd.it/13i79sf
@r_devops

Anyone set up azure devops to link to Jira?

As title says, currently looking into the different plugins and apps that would let me link JIRA to code sitting ADO.

https://redd.it/13ib4em
@r_devops

I wrote an article about AWS MSK with external Kafka connect and schema registry.

Hello all, I'm working as a junior devops engineer. I wrote an article about connecting to aws MSK from Kafka connect and schema registry. Please give your views.

Also, I'm trying to connect MSK connector with AWS keyspace. It's asking for trust stor location. I don't know how how to pass the file to MSK connector and what path to give. If you have idea please help me.

https://link.medium.com/KqnZXJUbPzb

Thank you for your time.

https://redd.it/13ic4k5
@r_devops

Re: the coding post

/u/Nimda_lel basically put what I said 6 months ago into a more politically correct post. Great post nimda! People were salty at mine. Tl;dr - there are two tracks to “DevOps”. I’d recommend coming from the Dev side, and if you don’t, you should learn how to code. I would say scripting is probably not enough. Knowing how to work on and navigate an application code base and implement composable and reusable code is super important to knowing how to actually code. Don’t be a no coder. You will soon be automated away by an AWS abstraction. Good luck.

https://reddit.com/r/devops/comments/xrkdbn/devops_is_for_people_who_cant_code/

https://redd.it/13iefoe
@r_devops

How valuable is home lab automation when applying for Devops?

I've integrated several services at home and learnt a great deal messing around with things such as Prometheus, Grafana, Jenkins, Loki, Uptime Kuma, Pihole, OpenDNs, Containers.
I've taken full courses on Cisco CCNA online but didn't get the certificate because of cost. Currently learning about AWS and Kubernetes.
I barely use any of these at work as I work as a lab scientist, but I really want to get into Devops.

I'm in the UK and I feel like when I search for Junior Devops jobs they all require you to have worked in the industry or production environment. Will I even get through to the interview process if all I'm saying is that I have experience from playing with these services at home?

https://redd.it/13ie31y
@r_devops

Mac VMs with GUI for ui-tests

I believe this is the best sub to ask this in, since my google searches showed me some past results on this sub.

I run a Github Action which runs some UI-tests both native and web on a headful (with GUI) MacOS instance. The instances themselves need GUI for the frameworks that I use to have them use accessibility features (native).
I was using Hetzner's dedicated Mac servers service until I found out (today) they're no longer supported or offered by them. I believe they used the term end-of-life. They were closer to baremetal, anyway.

I'm looking for a cloud-based provider for MacOS VMs , since I want this to be scaleable in the future. Other things that came to mind:

* decent display resolution (not the AWS fixed to 1024x768 on m1 instances [crap](https://repost.aws/questions/QUQQLxZOjpT52SOL7ZvskA5w/questions/QUQQLxZOjpT52SOL7ZvskA5w/macos-ec2-instance-screen-sharing-display-resolution))
* preferably VMs, not baremetal, since I want to spin them up via API, maybe snapshotting for ease of provisioning
* API, of course
* preferably static IPs
* preferably non-block-storage, to avoid IOPS issues caused by disk intensive ops from other instances on the same compute
* preferably a way to backup up the system to allow for scratch install using the same resource

What I tried/went through and don't think it's a solution:

* AWS - fixed display size on m1, huge costs (you basically need 2 dedicated hosts minimum because of the long spinup times (+2 hours in some cases); 2 dedicated VMs with 90%+ uptime go above 10k$ / year
* Scaleway: their 1 machine per availability zone limit is weird and they only have the small 8 GB RAM flavour; haven't tried it tho;
* Hetzner: no longer offering this service
* Github Mac: no GUI, it's basically a build machine
* Azure: couldn't find anything, i'm guessing they merged with Github
* Macstadium: you basically rent mac minis, same as hetzner, but with worse customer support according to reddit
* Oakhost: no info on this, anywhere, but they limit traffic to 10TB which might burn faster that expected
* Macincloud: no info on this, just that they offer what other offer, but charge a bit more; doesn't seem to have API access
* MacWeb: same as MacInCloud, no API

Anyone else hit this?
Any suggestions, pointers would be highly appreciated.

Thanks in advance.

Apologies if this is not the correct sub.

https://redd.it/13ih8t9
@r_devops

Best DevOps courses in Pluralsight

I usually rely on Udemy for anything related to Microservices topics but now I got access to plural sight.

I want to see what Pluralsight can offer best courses within DevOps ecosystem?

https://redd.it/13ih9pv
@r_devops

SaaS-based SAST tool for enterprise code quality scanning?

We currently use SonarQube and are seeking alternatives. Cost is not a concern as we would like to evaluate all of the best possible enterprise-level tools on the market. One of our InfoSec requirements is that the tool supports SSO natively (otherwise we would consider something like SonarCloud). Our developer requirements are that the tool have good code coverage scanning capabilities and can integrate into CI/CD pipelines in Azure DevOps and GitHub.

A few of our developers have experience with Snyk Code and have recommended we evaluate this. I've also scoured Reddit for some alternatives and seems like Checkmarx might have a platform worth evaluating. Are there others we should be looking to evaluate?

https://redd.it/13ig8bz
@r_devops

How are companies distributing their workloads in a multi-cloud architecture?

Hi, I am a grad student interested to work on a devops project. I am interested in knowing how companies distribute their workloads in a multi-cloud setting. The way I am categorizing it as of now is as follows:

1. Run orthogonal workloads (business-wise) such as say all ML training workloads on GCP and OLTP workloads on AWS?
2. Take a more fine-grained approach such as say two active-active replicas that require strong consistency running on two different clouds? Note this strategy requires high availability guarantee.

A follow up question is where do you see multi-cloud is going? Towards #1 or #2. Also do you know how control plane management such as etcd is being done in multi-cloud today? Are there multi-cloud control plane coordination systems such as zookeeper? Or do you see value in it?

https://redd.it/13ilktq
@r_devops

What’s an alternative to Amplication? I’m using Refine for FrontEnd Nextjs Supabase

What’s an alternative to amplication.com?

Creating my FrontEnd using Refine,
Works great…
On the other hand,
The Amplication docs… are wrong, has wrong and missing packages, also, mis labeled directories… the support is very snooty.


What is an alternative to Amplication?

https://redd.it/13iomv4
@r_devops

What are Devops Contractors charging in 2023?

Hi everyone,
I’m contracting but I feel like Im short-selling myself. I may have an opportunity to get a new client but I’ve been trying to figure out what the average rate is /hr? I’ve seen $100-$150/hr on a post from a few years back. Do skills and certs matter? Is there any rhyme or reason to determining what your skills are worth per hour?

https://redd.it/13ir3yr
@r_devops

New Grad, landed a DevOps job

So I just graduated last month with a Software Engineering degree, which I did reasonably well in. Managed to land a DevOps role at a relatively small startup, and finished the first week of work and feel heavily overwhelmed. I feel like if I can't catch up in a week I'll be left behind but I'm wondering if it is even possible.

If anyone has any resources or tips on how to make sure I can see my days through, I would love to take that and work towards it. Or if there is any other advice that would be kindly shared would be greatly appreciated.

https://redd.it/13israw
@r_devops

Terraform | Take your Terraform skills to the next level!

Techniques for scalable and efficient infrastructure management -

The Ultimate Guide to Advanced Terraform Techniques for DevOps

https://medium.com/faun/the-ultimate-guide-to-advanced-terraform-techniques-for-devops-b202b6845170

https://redd.it/13iu19l
@r_devops

FIPS support for Kubernetes deployment

So our applications failed to start on Ubuntu Pro which has FIPS enabled. These apps are deployed as pods in the k8s cluster. We use a GitOps approach to pull changes from SCM, build docker images with Jenkins and deploy to the cluster with ArgoCD. Anyway, how can I fix this?

https://redd.it/13ivvpa
@r_devops

Difference between Redis cache server and a CDN?

Aren't both the same thing? What's the difference between them?

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63409344/difference-between-azure-reddis-cache-and-azure-cdn

I've read this post.

https://redd.it/13iwlj4
@r_devops

New gig, rough in-place ops. Biz buy-in for an overhaul, want some advice, technical and managing human interactions.

heya, survived the great 2022 layoffs with a new not-startup gig. they setup AWS like 9 years ago with some folks that barely cobbled things together, and they left, and somehow the business has been generating sufficient value to hire me to help bring them to "the next level".

Yes, requirements dictate what we build. Given a general, greenfield application, where we're porting logic and integrating with queues, what would be a good, maintainable approach? Language agnostic, we can figure out that part later.

CI/CD - Best to keep with git provider?
Anything about Logging/Monitoring/Debugging especially. My past gigs had paid for tools, ( datadog, sentry, newrelic ) I'm not sure what's good, especially around anamoly detection.

Interpersonally, I feel it may be challenging. Their contributor role is locked down tighter than a steel trap, I can't even list resources, much less access cloud shell, and getting those permissions changed is corporately burdensome. I feel the same weight will be applied when trying to spin up some isolated ad-hoc services. How to navigate?

I have buy-in from my boss and all the bosses up the chain to mess shit up, they know it's already broken. ( mess shit up, like feel free to step on all the toes, they would not like me breaking production / users / money ).

Edit: Lets avoid Kubernetes for now. IaC, data busses and service discovery would also be useful to know current thinking around.

https://redd.it/13ixfww
@r_devops

How to utilise my skills in my current company and also stay not to forget what I learned?

I am a so called junior AWS devops engineer in a early stage startup
As a DevOps engineer in a small startup utilizing AWS for our applications, our main objective is to manage our budget effectively. Currently, we are running only five EC2 instances with two to three applications on each. While I understand that as a DevOps person, I should be using a variety of tools including Jenkins, Ansible, Terraform, Docker, and Kubernetes, I am currently only able to use Jenkins and codepipeline due to our limited infrastructure. And may be writing bash scripts some times. With only five servers running different applications, it may not be necessary to implement Ansible as it is a configuration management tool. Additionally, ECS and EKS are costly and not feasible for our needs, so we are unable to use Kubernetes on the EC2 instance itself as it would require a minimum of 2 CPUs, increasing our costs. Without Kubernetes, Docker may not be suitable for our case. As for Terraform, we believe that using the console is sufficient for our five servers. However, I am open to suggestions and ideas on how to best utilize these tools within our current infrastructure limitations. I want to utilise my skills and apply whatever I learned in my company. Because I learned all the tools which I've mentioned but haven't had any chance to use them in the company.
I fear that i may forget those if i don't stay in touch with them daily. While doing personal projects seems to be good idea but how long can I do them? Is it easy to forget the tools which we've learned if not use them occasionally? I need your advice and suggestions I am a so called junior AWS devops engineer in a early stage startup
As a DevOps engineer in a small startup utilizing AWS for our applications, our main objective is to manage our budget effectively. Currently, we are running only five EC2 instances with two to three applications on each. While I understand that as a DevOps person, I should be using a variety of tools including Jenkins, Ansible, Terraform, Docker, and Kubernetes, I am currently only able to use Jenkins and codepipeline due to our limited infrastructure. And may be writing bash scripts some times. With only five servers running different applications, it may not be necessary to implement Ansible as it is a configuration management tool. Additionally, ECS and EKS are costly and not feasible for our needs, so we are unable to use Kubernetes on the EC2 instance itself as it would require a minimum of 2 CPUs, increasing our costs. Without Kubernetes, Docker may not be suitable for our case. As for Terraform, we believe that using the console is sufficient for our five servers. However, I am open to suggestions and ideas on how to best utilize these tools within our current infrastructure limitations. I want to utilise my skills and apply whatever I learned in my company. Because I learned all the tools which I've mentioned but haven't had any chance to use them in the company.
I fear that i may forget those if i don't stay in touch with them daily. While doing personal projects seems to be good idea but how long can I do them? Is it easy to forget the tools which we've learned if not use them occasionally? I need your advice and suggestions

https://redd.it/13iz5vf
@r_devops

How to handle major version bumps when using a fully automated CI/CD pipeline? (SemVer)

I have some open-source apps that use various tooling for SemVer based on conventional commits, such as Commitizen, Cocogitto and standard-version. These tools changed based on project needs and the time when I created them, but all of them have the same issue that I'm not sure how to address:

When I want to bump a major version, say the app is ready for release from 0.x to 1.x how can I get these tools to do that instead of their regular bumping strategy of using feat commits for minor and fix commits for patch releases?

Cocogitto has the --major flag, but I'm not sure what kind of rules could be used in my CI/CD pipeline (GitHub Actions/Drone) to use that flag instead of the automatic bumping strategy.

Or should I just manually run a major release and push the tag to Git? Then of course I have to make sure to include a [SKIP CI] in the commit message to avoid running the pipelines and skipping all the automated release steps like changelog and Docker image which isn't ideal either.

https://redd.it/13j0781
@r_devops