Storing env vars in .git/config?

I just realized you can effectively use git config as a place to store and reference environmental variables.

For example, you can write:

git config env.private charlie
git config env.public bob

and in .git/config you will see:

env
private = charlie
public = bob

You can just read these variables too:

git config env.public
bob

---

What I am wondering is, why not just use this in place of the typical .env file usage where you just keep some KEY=VALUES in plaintext and don't commit it?

It seems far harder to accidentally commit your git config, and it even ships with one-level-deep yaml-esque organization!

https://redd.it/v02aoi
@r_devops

Do you use nano/vim?

Do i need to learn any of these type of text editor?
Or i will always have vscode or something like that?

How often do you use these?

Which is the "better"?

https://redd.it/v06r4y
@r_devops

Salary Sharing Thread May 2022

This thread is for sharing recent offers you've gotten or current salaries.

Please only post an offer if you're including hard numbers, but feel free to use a throwaway account if you're concerned about anonymity.

Education:

Prior Experience:

Company/Industry:

Title:

Tenure length:

Location:

Base Pay

Relocation/Signing Bonus:

Stock and/or recurring bonuses:

Total comp

Last thread was a huge success so bringing it back on popular demand

https://redd.it/v0h3z7
@r_devops

DevOps Bulletin Newsletter - Issue 53

Hey folks,
My weekly DevOps newsletter aka DevOps Bulletin -  Digest #53 is out. Check out a sneak peek of the topics covered on this weekly issue:

* 🏗️ "**Building a Frontend Testing Pipeline**" - This hands-on tutorial will walk you through implementing a testing pipeline from scratch.
* 🧠 "**Think like Git**" - This article is for people who already know how to use git day-to-day, but want a deeper understand of the why of git to do a better job reasoning about what should or should not be possible rather than just memorizing incantations.
* 🧾 "Software bill of materials: What it is and why you need one" - **Learn what a software bill of materials is and why it is important for DevOps**
* 🤯 "**Over 380k+ open Kubernetes API servers**" - Damn! If you are notified of an instance that is accessible, please consider implementing authorization for access or block at the firewall level to reduce your exposed attack surface.
* 🌎 "**Lessons learned from running Apache Airflow at scale**" - Shopify shares some of the lessons learned and solutions they built in order to run Airflow at scale.
* 🔒 "**RBAC explained with examples**" - Kubernetes RBAC tutorial with two examples, using ServiceAccounts and OpenSSL to create separate contexts for users.
* 📦 "**Robust Terraform setup with workspaces**" - Snowflakes as code is an anti-pattern where separate instances of infrastructure code are maintained for multiple instances of infrastructure that are intended to be essentially the same.
* 📹 Video of the week goes to a talk given by David Flanagan where he shares the key methods, tools and **takeaways from fixing over 50 Kubernetes clusters live**.
* 🛠 Project of the week goes to "OWASP WrongSecrets p0wnable app" - an **open-source app packed with various ways of how to not store your secrets**. These can help you to realize whether your secret management is ok. The challenge is to find all the different secrets by means of various tools and techniques.

Complete issue: [https://www.devopsbulletin.com/issues/kubernetes-toolkits](https://www.devopsbulletin.com/issues/kubernetes-toolkits)

Feedback is welcome :)

https://redd.it/v10h7u
@r_devops

Build flexible abstraction for any Kubernetes Resources with CUE and KubeVela

https://kubevela.io/blog/2022/05/30/abstraction-kubevela

https://redd.it/v0wts4
@r_devops

What do you guys think about Thalès ?

I have the opportunity to do a work-study program in devOps at Thalès. I know it's a large group that touches on cutting-edge technologies, on exciting subjects such as defense and aerospace, and I tell myself that it can be very interesting and educational.

For those who know the company, what do you think? Do you consider it a gateway to well-paid and interesting jobs?

https://redd.it/v0wi5g
@r_devops

Why you shouldn't consider using Oracle Cloud

Worst practices you can imagine like deleting your account without any warning.

And if you will go to support you are going to get a standard answer: we are not going to tell you the reason bye.

They don't even bother to let you move your data.

And the reason is that i am holding Russian passport. But i am not in Russia, nor i am anyhow connected to. But the real point is that Oracle got a lot of corrupted money from Putin regime for years and i have been witnessing that since i was working on a civilian government company in the past.

​

Company that i am currently working for migrating away from OCI and the reason for that is vendor-locking practices. Oracle tries to lock you on their databases for example.

​

OCI is the worst choice for personal and business needs. Just facts.

https://redd.it/v1rcac
@r_devops

Devops Exercises

https://github.com/sottlmarek/DevSecOps

Complete exercises and scripts + Question Answers +Test etc

https://redd.it/v1qqfh
@r_devops

Interaction between Docker, AMI and Ansible

I am wondering if anyone can set me on a path to understand how these different technologies interact or compliment each other in the devops world:

- Using Ansible (or Terraform or similar tools) for infrastructure as code

- Building and deploying Docker containers

- Saving/loading machine images like Amazon AMIs

Some of my confusion comes from the fact that all these seem to overlap a bit.

For instance, is it best to put most low level config and build in a Dockerfile and then just use Ansible for glue and deployment? Or could you build everything using Ansible to setup a VM which you would then save as an AMI?

I know a lot of different setups are possible but I am wondering about best practices especially as it pertains to interactions between tools like Ansible and Docker (Ansible has Docker bindings but is that all you would use it for in a Docker-centric infrastructure?)

https://redd.it/v25jqb
@r_devops

devops is not about receiving the recipes and not doing the effort by yourself

I did appreciate this subreddit year back but now, i am really getting fed up by this trend of asking all and everything without any effort. Even with such amount of resource you can find on google.

Stupid questions like: Should I learn this, should I learn that?

The fact that you ask such question shows that you don't even try or were not interested in first place, you just want/think to get quick money.

https://redd.it/v2aoh2
@r_devops

Stop Messing With Kubernetes Finalizers

Hi /r/DevOps,

Today I published an article titled "Stop Messing with Kubernetes Finalizers", where I explain why it's a bad idea to force-delete Kubernetes resources, what are the consequences and how to delete "hanging/stuck" resources the right way.

Here's the link: https://betterprogramming.pub/stop-messing-with-kubernetes-finalizers-b849511b2329

Feedback is very much appreciated!

https://redd.it/v2mllf
@r_devops

Which alternatives to Azure DevOps do you prefer and why?

Curious about the community's experience with Azure DevOps vs others.

https://redd.it/v2kswh
@r_devops

Kubernetes Challenge: 500USD to give away

I’ve maliciously broken two Kubernetes clusters and I’ll be jumping on my YouTube channel live tonight to give people the chance to fix them.

20USD Amazon voucher to anyone that comes on the stream and tries to fix one.

200USD voucher if you manage to actually fix one.

Who’s feeling confident?

https://youtu.be/bQsubShHE94

https://redd.it/v3831e
@r_devops

Two of my senior devops were transfered to another projects, I'm at lost because I don't know what I'm doing.

Currently helping customer setup CI/CD pipelines with Jenkins and Gitlab and deploy into Rancher. I'm still new to this and I don't really know what I'm doing. I have to report to my PM everyday what am I doing but I don't know what to tell her becuase I'm at lost without my seniors to guide me. I'm trying to learn as much as I can but I don't think I can do this job by myself. I told my manager that if they can't find someone to help me I will quit because I'm really stressed out.

edit: I've only been in DevOps role for four months from a sys admin backgroud. I did learn a lot but not enough to troubleshoot or work on this complex project alone.

https://redd.it/v38kff
@r_devops

Monthly 'Shameless Self Promotion' thread - 2022/06

Feel free to post your personal projects here. Just keep it to one project per comment thread.

https://redd.it/v3gvey
@r_devops

Monthly 'Shameless Self Promotion' thread - 2022/06

Feel free to post your personal projects here. Just keep it to one project per comment thread.

https://redd.it/v3gvey
@r_devops

Monthly 'Shameless Self Promotion' thread - 2022/06

Feel free to post your personal projects here. Just keep it to one project per comment thread.

https://redd.it/v3gvey
@r_devops

Monthly 'Getting into DevOps' thread - 2022/06

**What is DevOps?**

* [AWS has a great article](https://aws.amazon.com/devops/what-is-devops/) that outlines DevOps as a work environment where development and operations teams are no longer "siloed", but instead work together across the entire application lifecycle -- from development and test to deployment to operations -- and automate processes that historically have been manual and slow.

**Books to Read**

* [The Phoenix Project](https://www.amazon.com/Phoenix-Project-DevOps-Helping-Business/dp/1942788290) - one of the original books to delve into DevOps culture, explained through the story of a fictional company on the brink of failure.
* [The DevOps Handbook](https://www.amazon.com/dp/1942788002) - a practical "sequel" to The Phoenix Project.
* [Google's Site Reliability Engineering](https://landing.google.com/sre/books/) - Google engineers explain how they build, deploy, monitor, and maintain their systems.
* [The Site Reliability Workbook](https://landing.google.com/sre/workbook/toc/) - The practical companion to the Google's Site Reliability Engineering Book
* [The Unicorn Project](https://www.amazon.com/Unicorn-Project-Developers-Disruption-Thriving-ebook/dp/B07QT9QR41) - the "sequel" to The Phoenix Project.
* [DevOps for Dummies](https://www.amazon.com/DevOps-Dummies-Computer-Tech-ebook/dp/B07VXMLK3J/) - don't let the name fool you.

**What Should I Learn?**

* [Emily Wood's essay](https://crate.io/a/infrastructure-as-code-part-one/) - why infrastructure as code is so important into today's world.
* [2019 DevOps Roadmap](https://github.com/kamranahmedse/developer-roadmap#devops-roadmap) - one developer's ideas for which skills are needed in the DevOps world. This roadmap is controversial, as it may be too use-case specific, but serves as a good starting point for what tools are currently in use by companies.
* [This comment by /u/mdaffin](https://www.reddit.com/r/devops/comments/abcyl2/sorry_having_a_midlife_tech_crisis/eczhsu1/) - just remember, DevOps is a mindset to solving problems. It's less about the specific tools you know or the certificates you have, as it is the way you approach problem solving.
* [This comment by /u/jpswade](https://gist.github.com/jpswade/4135841363e72ece8086146bd7bb5d91) - what is DevOps and associated terminology.
* [Roadmap.sh](https://roadmap.sh/devops) - Step by step guide for DevOps or any other Operations Role

Remember: DevOps as a term and as a practice is still in flux, and is more about culture change than it is specific tooling. As such, specific skills and tool-sets are not universal, and recommendations for them should be taken only as suggestions.

**Previous Threads**
https://www.reddit.com/r/devops/comments/ugqrkn/monthly_getting_into_devops_thread_202205/

https://www.reddit.com/r/devops/comments/tv01vk/monthly_getting_into_devops_thread_202203/

https://www.reddit.com/r/devops/comments/t4fozq/monthly_getting_into_devops_thread_202203/

https://www.reddit.com/r/devops/comments/ru3zhm/monthly_getting_into_devops_thread_202201/

https://www.reddit.com/r/devops/comments/r6myz4/monthly_getting_into_devops_thread_202112/

https://www.reddit.com/r/devops/comments/qkgv5r/monthly_getting_into_devops_thread_202111/

https://www.reddit.com/r/devops/comments/pza4yc/monthly_getting_into_devops_thread_2021010/

https://www.reddit.com/r/devops/comments/pfwn3g/monthly_getting_into_devops_thread_202109/

https://www.reddit.com/r/devops/comments/ow45jd/monthly_getting_into_devops_thread_202108/

https://www.reddit.com/r/devops/comments/obssx3/monthly_getting_into_devops_thread_202107/

https://www.reddit.com/r/devops/comments/npua0y/monthly_getting_into_devops_thread_202106/

**Please keep this on topic (as a reference for those new to devops).**

https://redd.it/v3gwa8
@r_devops

Culture of blaming Ops

For the last few years now, anything that breaks in prod, in the eyes of the org and developers, an issue with operations.

“What did ops do?”
“What have they done now?”
“What did you do to break prod?”

Time and time again, we’ve constantly had to defend ourselves and point out that we did nothing to cause production incidents.

After a few back and forths over slack and e-mail, we ultimately save face and show that we are not the cause.

How can I alleviate this?

https://redd.it/v9wafq
@r_devops

Learn Jenkins

Hi,

I'm trying to learn Jenkins but on the internet I can only find poor or outdated materials.

Can someone help me on this one with some courses, books or an advice about how should I start with Jenkins?


LE. I see a lot of you recommend GitHub Actions and Argo CD (for Kubernetes deployment). My questions is: isn't it enough GH Actions for Kubernetes also? Why use two CI/CD tools?

https://redd.it/vc13gv
@r_devops

Amazon Offer - My experience interviewing for entry level DevOps position at Amazon

Hey all, posting this because I haven't seen much talk about the interview process at Amazon in terms of DevOps (the official titles at Amazon are DevOps Engineer and System Development Engineer).

I recently accepted a position as a System Development Engineer 1 on one of the teams at AWS, and just want to outline the process. For some background - I have 1 year of experience as a software engineer at a small, not well known company.

This may vary by team, since each team / department at Amazon / AWS is pretty independant from one another.

Step 1 - Online Assessment

I had 2 Data Structure / Algorithm questions to complete on Hackerrank. They gave me 90 minutes to do so.

I could not find them online, but they were extremely similar to these two:

https://leetcode.com/problems/binary-tree-right-side-view/

https://leetcode.com/problems/find-k-length-substrings-with-no-repeated-characters/

I answered both with optimal time / space complexity in approximately half the given time. So I made sure to comment as much as I could explaining my thinking process

Step 2 - Phone Screen

Brief introductions and small talk, then she asked me about my past work experience, projects and internships. Again quite brief.

I was asked a Leadership Principle question "Tell me about a time when you couldn't meet your deadline?" with follow-ups

Then I was asked the two following questions:

https://leetcode.com/problems/score-after-flipping-matrix/ (this was the exact question asked)

https://leetcode.com/problems/design-browser-history/ (not exact, but very similar to this)

I struggled with the first one, I was able to come up with a brute force solution but needed the interviewers help to arrive at an optimal solution. She was extremely kind and helpful to me so I appreciated that a lot.

The second question I answered optimally (constant time for all operations) and she seemed satisfied.

We closed the round by having brief small talk again.

Step 3 - Onsite Round 1

Brief introductions / small talk.

I was asked the following questions:

https://leetcode.com/problems/minimum-number-of-steps-to-make-two-strings-anagram/ (exact question)

I was able to solve it with optimal time / space complexity in around 15 minutes.

Then I was asked various questions about Object Oriented Programming concepts as well as Database Management System concepts. I had to design a small system with OOP (ie: name the different classes and their relationships) as well as a database schema (er diagram) to support the system.

After that, I was asked a Leadership Principle question "Tell me about a time when you innovated and exceeded the expectation"

Step 4 - Onsite Round 2

Brief introductions / small talk.

I was asked a Leadership Principle "Tell me about a time when you had conflicting ideas with your teammates and how did you resolve them?". With several follow-ups

I was asked another Leadership Principle "Tell me about a time when you were mostly through a project and realized you had the wrong goal.". Again, with several follow-ups

Then I was asked about troubleshooting questions / system design questions such as:

1. "What would you do if your website was getting unexpectedly large traffic, how would you handle and scale it?"
2. Explain concepts like database indexing, sharding, nosql vs sql, horizontal vs vertical scaling, etc
3. Explain the OSI model’s layers with protocols of each layer, what are protocols of the transport layer, explain what is TCP and UDP, explain how the TCP mechanism works. 
4. Explain OS concepts such as process creation / management, memory management, different