a) 12

b) 14

c) 20

a) [2, 4, 6]

b) [1, 2, 3]

c) [undefined, undefined, undefined]

a) 10

b) undefined

c) TypeError

a) true

b) false

c) undefined

a) "class"

b) "function"

c) "object"

a) Hello, Alice!

b) Hello, name!

c) Hello, undefined!

a) '15'

b) '17'

c) 17

a) 3

b) 10

c) 11

a) "undefined", "number"

b) "number", "number"

c) "number", "undefined"

a) "object"

b) "number"

c) "function"