๐จ30 FREE Dataset Sources for Data Science Projects๐ฅ
Data Simplifier: https://datasimplifier.com/best-data-analyst-projects-for-freshers/
US Government Dataset: https://www.data.gov/
Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India: https://data.gov.in/
The World Bank Open Data: https://data.worldbank.org/
Data World: https://data.world/
BFI - Industry Data and Insights: https://www.bfi.org.uk/data-statistics
The Humanitarian Data Exchange (HDX): https://data.humdata.org/
Data at World Health Organization (WHO): https://www.who.int/data
FBIโs Crime Data Explorer: https://crime-data-explorer.fr.cloud.gov/
AWS Open Data Registry: https://registry.opendata.aws/
FiveThirtyEight: https://data.fivethirtyeight.com/
IMDb Datasets: https://www.imdb.com/interfaces/
Kaggle: https://www.kaggle.com/datasets
UCI Machine Learning Repository: https://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/index.php
Google Dataset Search: https://datasetsearch.research.google.com/
Nasdaq Data Link: https://data.nasdaq.com/
Recommender Systems and Personalization Datasets: https://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~jmcauley/datasets.html
Reddit - Datasets: https://www.reddit.com/r/datasets/
Open Data Network by Socrata: https://www.opendatanetwork.com/
Climate Data Online by NOAA: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/
Azure Open Datasets: https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/open-datasets/
IEEE Data Port: https://ieee-dataport.org/
Wikipedia: Database: https://dumps.wikimedia.org/
BuzzFeed News: https://github.com/BuzzFeedNews/everything
Academic Torrents: https://academictorrents.com/
Yelp Open Dataset: https://www.yelp.com/dataset
The NLP Index by Quantum Stat: https://index.quantumstat.com/
Computer Vision Online: https://www.computervisiononline.com/dataset
Visual Data Discovery: https://www.visualdata.io/
Roboflow Public Datasets: https://public.roboflow.com/
Computer Vision Group, TUM: https://vision.in.tum.de/data/datasets
Data Simplifier: https://datasimplifier.com/best-data-analyst-projects-for-freshers/
US Government Dataset: https://www.data.gov/
Open Government Data (OGD) Platform India: https://data.gov.in/
The World Bank Open Data: https://data.worldbank.org/
Data World: https://data.world/
BFI - Industry Data and Insights: https://www.bfi.org.uk/data-statistics
The Humanitarian Data Exchange (HDX): https://data.humdata.org/
Data at World Health Organization (WHO): https://www.who.int/data
FBIโs Crime Data Explorer: https://crime-data-explorer.fr.cloud.gov/
AWS Open Data Registry: https://registry.opendata.aws/
FiveThirtyEight: https://data.fivethirtyeight.com/
IMDb Datasets: https://www.imdb.com/interfaces/
Kaggle: https://www.kaggle.com/datasets
UCI Machine Learning Repository: https://archive.ics.uci.edu/ml/index.php
Google Dataset Search: https://datasetsearch.research.google.com/
Nasdaq Data Link: https://data.nasdaq.com/
Recommender Systems and Personalization Datasets: https://cseweb.ucsd.edu/~jmcauley/datasets.html
Reddit - Datasets: https://www.reddit.com/r/datasets/
Open Data Network by Socrata: https://www.opendatanetwork.com/
Climate Data Online by NOAA: https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/
Azure Open Datasets: https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/services/open-datasets/
IEEE Data Port: https://ieee-dataport.org/
Wikipedia: Database: https://dumps.wikimedia.org/
BuzzFeed News: https://github.com/BuzzFeedNews/everything
Academic Torrents: https://academictorrents.com/
Yelp Open Dataset: https://www.yelp.com/dataset
The NLP Index by Quantum Stat: https://index.quantumstat.com/
Computer Vision Online: https://www.computervisiononline.com/dataset
Visual Data Discovery: https://www.visualdata.io/
Roboflow Public Datasets: https://public.roboflow.com/
Computer Vision Group, TUM: https://vision.in.tum.de/data/datasets
๐4โค3
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๐ Complete Roadmap to Become a Data Scientist in 5 Months
๐ Week 1-2: Fundamentals
โ Day 1-3: Introduction to Data Science, its applications, and roles.
โ Day 4-7: Brush up on Python programming ๐.
โ Day 8-10: Learn basic statistics ๐ and probability ๐ฒ.
๐ Week 3-4: Data Manipulation & Visualization
๐ Day 11-15: Master Pandas for data manipulation.
๐ Day 16-20: Learn Matplotlib & Seaborn for data visualization.
๐ค Week 5-6: Machine Learning Foundations
๐ฌ Day 21-25: Introduction to scikit-learn.
๐ Day 26-30: Learn Linear & Logistic Regression.
๐ Week 7-8: Advanced Machine Learning
๐ณ Day 31-35: Explore Decision Trees & Random Forests.
๐ Day 36-40: Learn Clustering (K-Means, DBSCAN) & Dimensionality Reduction.
๐ง Week 9-10: Deep Learning
๐ค Day 41-45: Basics of Neural Networks with TensorFlow/Keras.
๐ธ Day 46-50: Learn CNNs & RNNs for image & text data.
๐ Week 11-12: Data Engineering
๐ Day 51-55: Learn SQL & Databases.
๐งน Day 56-60: Data Preprocessing & Cleaning.
๐ Week 13-14: Model Evaluation & Optimization
๐ Day 61-65: Learn Cross-validation & Hyperparameter Tuning.
๐ Day 66-70: Understand Evaluation Metrics (Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1-score).
๐ Week 15-16: Big Data & Tools
๐ Day 71-75: Introduction to Big Data Technologies (Hadoop, Spark).
โ๏ธ Day 76-80: Learn Cloud Computing (AWS, GCP, Azure).
๐ Week 17-18: Deployment & Production
๐ Day 81-85: Deploy models using Flask or FastAPI.
๐ฆ Day 86-90: Learn Docker & Cloud Deployment (AWS, Heroku).
๐ฏ Week 19-20: Specialization
๐ Day 91-95: Choose NLP or Computer Vision, based on your interest.
๐ Week 21-22: Projects & Portfolio
๐ Day 96-100: Work on Personal Data Science Projects.
๐ฌ Week 23-24: Soft Skills & Networking
๐ค Day 101-105: Improve Communication & Presentation Skills.
๐ Day 106-110: Attend Online Meetups & Forums.
๐ฏ Week 25-26: Interview Preparation
๐ป Day 111-115: Practice Coding Interviews (LeetCode, HackerRank).
๐ Day 116-120: Review your projects & prepare for discussions.
๐จโ๐ป Week 27-28: Apply for Jobs
๐ฉ Day 121-125: Start applying for Entry-Level Data Scientist positions.
๐ค Week 29-30: Interviews
๐ Day 126-130: Attend Interviews & Practice Whiteboard Problems.
๐ Week 31-32: Continuous Learning
๐ฐ Day 131-135: Stay updated with the Latest Data Science Trends.
๐ Week 33-34: Accepting Offers
๐ Day 136-140: Evaluate job offers & Negotiate Your Salary.
๐ข Week 35-36: Settling In
๐ฏ Day 141-150: Start your New Data Science Job, adapt & keep learning!
๐ Enjoy Learning & Build Your Dream Career in Data Science! ๐๐ฅ
๐ Week 1-2: Fundamentals
โ Day 1-3: Introduction to Data Science, its applications, and roles.
โ Day 4-7: Brush up on Python programming ๐.
โ Day 8-10: Learn basic statistics ๐ and probability ๐ฒ.
๐ Week 3-4: Data Manipulation & Visualization
๐ Day 11-15: Master Pandas for data manipulation.
๐ Day 16-20: Learn Matplotlib & Seaborn for data visualization.
๐ค Week 5-6: Machine Learning Foundations
๐ฌ Day 21-25: Introduction to scikit-learn.
๐ Day 26-30: Learn Linear & Logistic Regression.
๐ Week 7-8: Advanced Machine Learning
๐ณ Day 31-35: Explore Decision Trees & Random Forests.
๐ Day 36-40: Learn Clustering (K-Means, DBSCAN) & Dimensionality Reduction.
๐ง Week 9-10: Deep Learning
๐ค Day 41-45: Basics of Neural Networks with TensorFlow/Keras.
๐ธ Day 46-50: Learn CNNs & RNNs for image & text data.
๐ Week 11-12: Data Engineering
๐ Day 51-55: Learn SQL & Databases.
๐งน Day 56-60: Data Preprocessing & Cleaning.
๐ Week 13-14: Model Evaluation & Optimization
๐ Day 61-65: Learn Cross-validation & Hyperparameter Tuning.
๐ Day 66-70: Understand Evaluation Metrics (Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1-score).
๐ Week 15-16: Big Data & Tools
๐ Day 71-75: Introduction to Big Data Technologies (Hadoop, Spark).
โ๏ธ Day 76-80: Learn Cloud Computing (AWS, GCP, Azure).
๐ Week 17-18: Deployment & Production
๐ Day 81-85: Deploy models using Flask or FastAPI.
๐ฆ Day 86-90: Learn Docker & Cloud Deployment (AWS, Heroku).
๐ฏ Week 19-20: Specialization
๐ Day 91-95: Choose NLP or Computer Vision, based on your interest.
๐ Week 21-22: Projects & Portfolio
๐ Day 96-100: Work on Personal Data Science Projects.
๐ฌ Week 23-24: Soft Skills & Networking
๐ค Day 101-105: Improve Communication & Presentation Skills.
๐ Day 106-110: Attend Online Meetups & Forums.
๐ฏ Week 25-26: Interview Preparation
๐ป Day 111-115: Practice Coding Interviews (LeetCode, HackerRank).
๐ Day 116-120: Review your projects & prepare for discussions.
๐จโ๐ป Week 27-28: Apply for Jobs
๐ฉ Day 121-125: Start applying for Entry-Level Data Scientist positions.
๐ค Week 29-30: Interviews
๐ Day 126-130: Attend Interviews & Practice Whiteboard Problems.
๐ Week 31-32: Continuous Learning
๐ฐ Day 131-135: Stay updated with the Latest Data Science Trends.
๐ Week 33-34: Accepting Offers
๐ Day 136-140: Evaluate job offers & Negotiate Your Salary.
๐ข Week 35-36: Settling In
๐ฏ Day 141-150: Start your New Data Science Job, adapt & keep learning!
๐ Enjoy Learning & Build Your Dream Career in Data Science! ๐๐ฅ
๐3
1. How can we deal with problems that arise when the data flows in from a variety of sources?
There are many ways to go about dealing with multi-source problems. However, these are done primarily to solve the problems of:
Identifying the presence of similar/same records and merging them into a single recordRe-structuring the schema to ensure there is good schema integration
2. Where is Time Series Analysis used?
Since time series analysis (TSA) has a wide scope of usage, it can be used in multiple domains. Here are some of the places where TSA plays an important role:
Statistics
Signal processing
Econometrics
Weather forecasting
Earthquake prediction
Astronomy
Applied science
3. What are the ideal situations in which t-test or z-test can be used?
It is a standard practice that a t-test is used when there is a sample size less than 30 and the z-test is considered when the sample size exceeds 30 in most cases.
4. What is the usage of the NVL() function?
The NVL() function is used to convert the NULL value to the other value. The function returns the value of the second parameter if the first parameter is NULL. If the first parameter is anything other than NULL, it is left unchanged. This function is used in Oracle, not in SQL and MySQL. Instead of NVL() function, MySQL have IFNULL() and SQL Server have ISNULL() function.
5. What is the difference between DROP and TRUNCATE commands?
If a table is dropped, all things associated with that table are dropped as well. This includes the relationships defined on the table with other tables, access privileges, and grants that the table has, as well as the integrity checks and constraints.
However, if a table is truncated, there are no such problems as mentioned above. The table retains its original structure and the data is dropped.
There are many ways to go about dealing with multi-source problems. However, these are done primarily to solve the problems of:
Identifying the presence of similar/same records and merging them into a single recordRe-structuring the schema to ensure there is good schema integration
2. Where is Time Series Analysis used?
Since time series analysis (TSA) has a wide scope of usage, it can be used in multiple domains. Here are some of the places where TSA plays an important role:
Statistics
Signal processing
Econometrics
Weather forecasting
Earthquake prediction
Astronomy
Applied science
3. What are the ideal situations in which t-test or z-test can be used?
It is a standard practice that a t-test is used when there is a sample size less than 30 and the z-test is considered when the sample size exceeds 30 in most cases.
4. What is the usage of the NVL() function?
The NVL() function is used to convert the NULL value to the other value. The function returns the value of the second parameter if the first parameter is NULL. If the first parameter is anything other than NULL, it is left unchanged. This function is used in Oracle, not in SQL and MySQL. Instead of NVL() function, MySQL have IFNULL() and SQL Server have ISNULL() function.
5. What is the difference between DROP and TRUNCATE commands?
If a table is dropped, all things associated with that table are dropped as well. This includes the relationships defined on the table with other tables, access privileges, and grants that the table has, as well as the integrity checks and constraints.
However, if a table is truncated, there are no such problems as mentioned above. The table retains its original structure and the data is dropped.
๐2โค1๐1
10 Free Machine Learning Books For 2025
๐ 1. Foundations of Machine Learning
Build a solid theoretical base before diving into machine learning algorithms.
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๐ 2. Practical Machine Learning: A Beginner's Guide with Ethical Insights
Learn to implement ML with a focus on responsible and ethical AI.
๐ Open Book
๐ 3. Mathematics for Machine Learning
Master the core math concepts that power machine learning algorithms.
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๐ 4. Algorithms for Decision Making
Use machine learning to make smarter decisions in complex environments.
๐ Open Book
๐ 5. Learning to Quantify
Dive into the niche field of quantification and its real-world impact.
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๐ 6. Gradient Expectations
Explore predictive neural networks inspired by the mammalian brain.
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๐ 7. Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction
A comprehensive intro to RL, from theory to practical applications.
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๐ 8. Interpretable Machine Learning
Understand how to make machine learning models transparent and trustworthy.
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๐ 9. Fairness and Machine Learning
Tackle bias and ensure fairness in AI and ML model outputs.
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๐ 10. Machine Learning in Production
Learn how to deploy ML models successfully into real-world systems.
๐ Open Book
Like for more โค๏ธ
๐ 1. Foundations of Machine Learning
Build a solid theoretical base before diving into machine learning algorithms.
๐ Click Here
๐ 2. Practical Machine Learning: A Beginner's Guide with Ethical Insights
Learn to implement ML with a focus on responsible and ethical AI.
๐ Open Book
๐ 3. Mathematics for Machine Learning
Master the core math concepts that power machine learning algorithms.
๐ Click Here
๐ 4. Algorithms for Decision Making
Use machine learning to make smarter decisions in complex environments.
๐ Open Book
๐ 5. Learning to Quantify
Dive into the niche field of quantification and its real-world impact.
๐ Click Here
๐ 6. Gradient Expectations
Explore predictive neural networks inspired by the mammalian brain.
๐ Open Book
๐ 7. Reinforcement Learning: An Introduction
A comprehensive intro to RL, from theory to practical applications.
๐ Click Here
๐ 8. Interpretable Machine Learning
Understand how to make machine learning models transparent and trustworthy.
๐ Open Book
๐ 9. Fairness and Machine Learning
Tackle bias and ensure fairness in AI and ML model outputs.
๐ Click Here
๐ 10. Machine Learning in Production
Learn how to deploy ML models successfully into real-world systems.
๐ Open Book
Like for more โค๏ธ
โค6๐2
Top 5 data science projects for freshers
1. Predictive Analytics on a Dataset:
- Use a dataset to predict future trends or outcomes using machine learning algorithms. This could involve predicting sales, stock prices, or any other relevant domain.
2. Customer Segmentation:
- Analyze and segment customers based on their behavior, preferences, or demographics. This project could provide insights for targeted marketing strategies.
3. Sentiment Analysis on Social Media Data:
- Analyze sentiment in social media data to understand public opinion on a particular topic. This project helps in mastering natural language processing (NLP) techniques.
4. Recommendation System:
- Build a recommendation system, perhaps for movies, music, or products, using collaborative filtering or content-based filtering methods.
5. Fraud Detection:
- Develop a fraud detection system using machine learning algorithms to identify anomalous patterns in financial transactions or any domain where fraud detection is crucial.
Free Datsets -> https://t.iss.one/DataPortfolio/2?single
These projects showcase practical application of data science skills and can be highlighted on a resume for entry-level positions.
Join @pythonspecialist for more data science projects
1. Predictive Analytics on a Dataset:
- Use a dataset to predict future trends or outcomes using machine learning algorithms. This could involve predicting sales, stock prices, or any other relevant domain.
2. Customer Segmentation:
- Analyze and segment customers based on their behavior, preferences, or demographics. This project could provide insights for targeted marketing strategies.
3. Sentiment Analysis on Social Media Data:
- Analyze sentiment in social media data to understand public opinion on a particular topic. This project helps in mastering natural language processing (NLP) techniques.
4. Recommendation System:
- Build a recommendation system, perhaps for movies, music, or products, using collaborative filtering or content-based filtering methods.
5. Fraud Detection:
- Develop a fraud detection system using machine learning algorithms to identify anomalous patterns in financial transactions or any domain where fraud detection is crucial.
Free Datsets -> https://t.iss.one/DataPortfolio/2?single
These projects showcase practical application of data science skills and can be highlighted on a resume for entry-level positions.
Join @pythonspecialist for more data science projects
๐1
Here is the list of few projects (found on kaggle). They cover Basics of Python, Advanced Statistics, Supervised Learning (Regression and Classification problems) & Data Science
Please also check the discussions and notebook submissions for different approaches and solution after you tried yourself.
1. Basic python and statistics
Pima Indians :- https://www.kaggle.com/uciml/pima-indians-diabetes-database
Cardio Goodness fit :- https://www.kaggle.com/saurav9786/cardiogoodfitness
Automobile :- https://www.kaggle.com/toramky/automobile-dataset
2. Advanced Statistics
Game of Thrones:-https://www.kaggle.com/mylesoneill/game-of-thrones
World University Ranking:-https://www.kaggle.com/mylesoneill/world-university-rankings
IMDB Movie Dataset:- https://www.kaggle.com/carolzhangdc/imdb-5000-movie-dataset
3. Supervised Learning
a) Regression Problems
How much did it rain :- https://www.kaggle.com/c/how-much-did-it-rain-ii/overview
Inventory Demand:- https://www.kaggle.com/c/grupo-bimbo-inventory-demand
Property Inspection predictiion:- https://www.kaggle.com/c/liberty-mutual-group-property-inspection-prediction
Restaurant Revenue prediction:- https://www.kaggle.com/c/restaurant-revenue-prediction/data
IMDB Box office Prediction:-https://www.kaggle.com/c/tmdb-box-office-prediction/overview
b) Classification problems
Employee Access challenge :- https://www.kaggle.com/c/amazon-employee-access-challenge/overview
Titanic :- https://www.kaggle.com/c/titanic
San Francisco crime:- https://www.kaggle.com/c/sf-crime
Customer satisfcation:-https://www.kaggle.com/c/santander-customer-satisfaction
Trip type classification:- https://www.kaggle.com/c/walmart-recruiting-trip-type-classification
Categorize cusine:- https://www.kaggle.com/c/whats-cooking
4. Some helpful Data science projects for beginners
https://www.kaggle.com/c/house-prices-advanced-regression-techniques
https://www.kaggle.com/c/digit-recognizer
https://www.kaggle.com/c/titanic
5. Intermediate Level Data science Projects
Black Friday Data : https://www.kaggle.com/sdolezel/black-friday
Human Activity Recognition Data : https://www.kaggle.com/uciml/human-activity-recognition-with-smartphones
Trip History Data : https://www.kaggle.com/pronto/cycle-share-dataset
Million Song Data : https://www.kaggle.com/c/msdchallenge
Census Income Data : https://www.kaggle.com/c/census-income/data
Movie Lens Data : https://www.kaggle.com/grouplens/movielens-20m-dataset
Twitter Classification Data : https://www.kaggle.com/c/twitter-sentiment-analysis2
Share with credits: https://t.iss.one/sqlproject
ENJOY LEARNING ๐๐
Please also check the discussions and notebook submissions for different approaches and solution after you tried yourself.
1. Basic python and statistics
Pima Indians :- https://www.kaggle.com/uciml/pima-indians-diabetes-database
Cardio Goodness fit :- https://www.kaggle.com/saurav9786/cardiogoodfitness
Automobile :- https://www.kaggle.com/toramky/automobile-dataset
2. Advanced Statistics
Game of Thrones:-https://www.kaggle.com/mylesoneill/game-of-thrones
World University Ranking:-https://www.kaggle.com/mylesoneill/world-university-rankings
IMDB Movie Dataset:- https://www.kaggle.com/carolzhangdc/imdb-5000-movie-dataset
3. Supervised Learning
a) Regression Problems
How much did it rain :- https://www.kaggle.com/c/how-much-did-it-rain-ii/overview
Inventory Demand:- https://www.kaggle.com/c/grupo-bimbo-inventory-demand
Property Inspection predictiion:- https://www.kaggle.com/c/liberty-mutual-group-property-inspection-prediction
Restaurant Revenue prediction:- https://www.kaggle.com/c/restaurant-revenue-prediction/data
IMDB Box office Prediction:-https://www.kaggle.com/c/tmdb-box-office-prediction/overview
b) Classification problems
Employee Access challenge :- https://www.kaggle.com/c/amazon-employee-access-challenge/overview
Titanic :- https://www.kaggle.com/c/titanic
San Francisco crime:- https://www.kaggle.com/c/sf-crime
Customer satisfcation:-https://www.kaggle.com/c/santander-customer-satisfaction
Trip type classification:- https://www.kaggle.com/c/walmart-recruiting-trip-type-classification
Categorize cusine:- https://www.kaggle.com/c/whats-cooking
4. Some helpful Data science projects for beginners
https://www.kaggle.com/c/house-prices-advanced-regression-techniques
https://www.kaggle.com/c/digit-recognizer
https://www.kaggle.com/c/titanic
5. Intermediate Level Data science Projects
Black Friday Data : https://www.kaggle.com/sdolezel/black-friday
Human Activity Recognition Data : https://www.kaggle.com/uciml/human-activity-recognition-with-smartphones
Trip History Data : https://www.kaggle.com/pronto/cycle-share-dataset
Million Song Data : https://www.kaggle.com/c/msdchallenge
Census Income Data : https://www.kaggle.com/c/census-income/data
Movie Lens Data : https://www.kaggle.com/grouplens/movielens-20m-dataset
Twitter Classification Data : https://www.kaggle.com/c/twitter-sentiment-analysis2
Share with credits: https://t.iss.one/sqlproject
ENJOY LEARNING ๐๐
โค5๐1
Important questions to ace your machine learning interview with an approach to answer:
1. Machine Learning Project Lifecycle:
- Define the problem
- Gather and preprocess data
- Choose a model and train it
- Evaluate model performance
- Tune and optimize the model
- Deploy and maintain the model
2. Supervised vs Unsupervised Learning:
- Supervised Learning: Uses labeled data for training (e.g., predicting house prices from features).
- Unsupervised Learning: Uses unlabeled data to find patterns or groupings (e.g., clustering customer segments).
3. Evaluation Metrics for Regression:
- Mean Absolute Error (MAE)
- Mean Squared Error (MSE)
- Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE)
- R-squared (coefficient of determination)
4. Overfitting and Prevention:
- Overfitting: Model learns the noise instead of the underlying pattern.
- Prevention: Use simpler models, cross-validation, regularization.
5. Bias-Variance Tradeoff:
- Balancing error due to bias (underfitting) and variance (overfitting) to find an optimal model complexity.
6. Cross-Validation:
- Technique to assess model performance by splitting data into multiple subsets for training and validation.
7. Feature Selection Techniques:
- Filter methods (e.g., correlation analysis)
- Wrapper methods (e.g., recursive feature elimination)
- Embedded methods (e.g., Lasso regularization)
8. Assumptions of Linear Regression:
- Linearity
- Independence of errors
- Homoscedasticity (constant variance)
- No multicollinearity
9. Regularization in Linear Models:
- Adds a penalty term to the loss function to prevent overfitting by shrinking coefficients.
10. Classification vs Regression:
- Classification: Predicts a categorical outcome (e.g., class labels).
- Regression: Predicts a continuous numerical outcome (e.g., house price).
11. Dimensionality Reduction Algorithms:
- Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
- t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE)
12. Decision Tree:
- Tree-like model where internal nodes represent features, branches represent decisions, and leaf nodes represent outcomes.
13. Ensemble Methods:
- Combine predictions from multiple models to improve accuracy (e.g., Random Forest, Gradient Boosting).
14. Handling Missing or Corrupted Data:
- Imputation (e.g., mean substitution)
- Removing rows or columns with missing data
- Using algorithms robust to missing values
15. Kernels in Support Vector Machines (SVM):
- Linear kernel
- Polynomial kernel
- Radial Basis Function (RBF) kernel
1. Machine Learning Project Lifecycle:
- Define the problem
- Gather and preprocess data
- Choose a model and train it
- Evaluate model performance
- Tune and optimize the model
- Deploy and maintain the model
2. Supervised vs Unsupervised Learning:
- Supervised Learning: Uses labeled data for training (e.g., predicting house prices from features).
- Unsupervised Learning: Uses unlabeled data to find patterns or groupings (e.g., clustering customer segments).
3. Evaluation Metrics for Regression:
- Mean Absolute Error (MAE)
- Mean Squared Error (MSE)
- Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE)
- R-squared (coefficient of determination)
4. Overfitting and Prevention:
- Overfitting: Model learns the noise instead of the underlying pattern.
- Prevention: Use simpler models, cross-validation, regularization.
5. Bias-Variance Tradeoff:
- Balancing error due to bias (underfitting) and variance (overfitting) to find an optimal model complexity.
6. Cross-Validation:
- Technique to assess model performance by splitting data into multiple subsets for training and validation.
7. Feature Selection Techniques:
- Filter methods (e.g., correlation analysis)
- Wrapper methods (e.g., recursive feature elimination)
- Embedded methods (e.g., Lasso regularization)
8. Assumptions of Linear Regression:
- Linearity
- Independence of errors
- Homoscedasticity (constant variance)
- No multicollinearity
9. Regularization in Linear Models:
- Adds a penalty term to the loss function to prevent overfitting by shrinking coefficients.
10. Classification vs Regression:
- Classification: Predicts a categorical outcome (e.g., class labels).
- Regression: Predicts a continuous numerical outcome (e.g., house price).
11. Dimensionality Reduction Algorithms:
- Principal Component Analysis (PCA)
- t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (t-SNE)
12. Decision Tree:
- Tree-like model where internal nodes represent features, branches represent decisions, and leaf nodes represent outcomes.
13. Ensemble Methods:
- Combine predictions from multiple models to improve accuracy (e.g., Random Forest, Gradient Boosting).
14. Handling Missing or Corrupted Data:
- Imputation (e.g., mean substitution)
- Removing rows or columns with missing data
- Using algorithms robust to missing values
15. Kernels in Support Vector Machines (SVM):
- Linear kernel
- Polynomial kernel
- Radial Basis Function (RBF) kernel
๐2
50 Linux commands for our day-to-day work:
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ls - List directory contents.2.
pwd - Display current directory path.3.
cd - Change directory.4.
mkdir - Create a new directory.5.
mv - Move or rename files.6.
cp - Copy files.7.
rm - Delete files.8.
touch - Create an empty file.9.
rmdir - Remove directory.10.
cat - Display file content.11.
clear - Clear terminal screen.12.
echo - Output text or data to a file.13.
less - View text files page-by-page.14.
man - Display command manual.15.
sudo - Execute commands with root privileges.16.
top - Show system processes.17.
tar - Archive files into tarball.18.
grep - Search for text within files.19.
head - Display file's beginning lines.20.
tail - Show file's ending lines.21.
diff - Compare two files' content.22.
kill - Terminate processes.23.
jobs - List active jobs.24.
sort - Sort lines of a text file.25.
df - Display disk usage.26.
du - Show file or directory size.27.
zip - Compress files into zip format.28.
unzip - Extract zip archives.29.
ssh - Secure connection between hosts.30.
cal - Display calendar.31.
apt - Manage packages.32.
alias - Create command shortcuts.33.
w - Show current user details.34.
whereis - Locate binaries, sources, and manuals.35.
whatis - Provide command description.36.
useradd - Add a new user.37.
passwd - Change user password.38.
whoami - Display current user name.39.
uptime - Show system runtime.40.
free - Display memory status.41.
history - List command history.42.
uname - Provide system details.43.
ping - Check network connectivity.44.
chmod - Modify file/directory permissions.45.
chown - Change file/directory owner.46.
find - Search for files/directories.47.
locate - Find files quickly.48.
ifconfig - Display network interfaces.49.
ip a - List network interfaces succinctly.50.
finger - Retrieve user information.โค5
๐ Data Science Project Ideas for Freshers
Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) on a Dataset: Choose a dataset of interest and perform thorough EDA to extract insights, visualize trends, and identify patterns.
Predictive Modeling: Build a simple predictive model, such as linear regression, to predict a target variable based on input features. Use libraries like scikit-learn to implement the model.
Classification Problem: Work on a classification task using algorithms like decision trees, random forests, or support vector machines. It could involve classifying emails as spam or not spam, or predicting customer churn.
Time Series Analysis: Analyze time-dependent data, like stock prices or temperature readings, to forecast future values using techniques like ARIMA or LSTM.
Image Classification: Use convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to build an image classification model, perhaps classifying different types of objects or animals.
Natural Language Processing (NLP): Create a sentiment analysis model that classifies text as positive, negative, or neutral, or build a text generator using recurrent neural networks (RNNs).
Clustering Analysis: Apply clustering algorithms like k-means to group similar data points together, such as segmenting customers based on purchasing behaviour.
Recommendation System: Develop a recommendation engine using collaborative filtering techniques to suggest products or content to users.
Anomaly Detection: Build a model to detect anomalies in data, which could be useful for fraud detection or identifying defects in manufacturing processes.
A/B Testing: Design and analyze an A/B test to compare the effectiveness of two different versions of a web page or app feature.
Remember to document your process, explain your methodology, and showcase your projects on platforms like GitHub or a personal portfolio website.
Free datasets to build the projects
๐๐
https://t.iss.one/datasciencefun/1126
ENJOY LEARNING ๐๐
Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) on a Dataset: Choose a dataset of interest and perform thorough EDA to extract insights, visualize trends, and identify patterns.
Predictive Modeling: Build a simple predictive model, such as linear regression, to predict a target variable based on input features. Use libraries like scikit-learn to implement the model.
Classification Problem: Work on a classification task using algorithms like decision trees, random forests, or support vector machines. It could involve classifying emails as spam or not spam, or predicting customer churn.
Time Series Analysis: Analyze time-dependent data, like stock prices or temperature readings, to forecast future values using techniques like ARIMA or LSTM.
Image Classification: Use convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to build an image classification model, perhaps classifying different types of objects or animals.
Natural Language Processing (NLP): Create a sentiment analysis model that classifies text as positive, negative, or neutral, or build a text generator using recurrent neural networks (RNNs).
Clustering Analysis: Apply clustering algorithms like k-means to group similar data points together, such as segmenting customers based on purchasing behaviour.
Recommendation System: Develop a recommendation engine using collaborative filtering techniques to suggest products or content to users.
Anomaly Detection: Build a model to detect anomalies in data, which could be useful for fraud detection or identifying defects in manufacturing processes.
A/B Testing: Design and analyze an A/B test to compare the effectiveness of two different versions of a web page or app feature.
Remember to document your process, explain your methodology, and showcase your projects on platforms like GitHub or a personal portfolio website.
Free datasets to build the projects
๐๐
https://t.iss.one/datasciencefun/1126
ENJOY LEARNING ๐๐
๐2โค1
Complete Roadmap to learn Generative AI in 2 months ๐๐
Weeks 1-2: Foundations
1. Learn Basics of Python: If not familiar, grasp the fundamentals of Python, a widely used language in AI.
2. Understand Linear Algebra and Calculus: Brush up on basic linear algebra and calculus as they form the foundation of machine learning.
Weeks 3-4: Machine Learning Basics
1. Study Machine Learning Fundamentals: Understand concepts like supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and evaluation metrics.
2. Get Familiar with TensorFlow or PyTorch: Choose one deep learning framework and learn its basics.
Weeks 5-6: Deep Learning
1. Neural Networks: Dive into neural networks, understanding architectures, activation functions, and training processes.
2. CNNs and RNNs: Learn Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for image data and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) for sequential data.
Weeks 7-8: Generative Models
1. Understand Generative Models: Study the theory behind generative models, focusing on GANs (Generative Adversarial Networks) and VAEs (Variational Autoencoders).
2. Hands-On Projects: Implement small generative projects to solidify your understanding. Experimenting with generative models will give you a deeper understanding of how they work. You can use platforms such as Google's Colab or Kaggle to experiment with different types of generative models.
Additional Tips:
- Read Research Papers: Explore seminal papers on GANs and VAEs to gain a deeper insight into their workings.
- Community Engagement: Join AI communities on platforms like Reddit or Stack Overflow to ask questions and learn from others.
Pro Tip: Roadmap won't help unless you start working on it consistently. Start working on projects as early as possible.
2 months are good as a starting point to get grasp the basics of Generative AI but mastering it is very difficult as AI keeps evolving every day.
Best Resources to learn Generative AI ๐๐
Learn Python for Free
Prompt Engineering Course
Prompt Engineering Guide
Data Science Course
Google Cloud Generative AI Path
Unlock the power of Generative AI Models
Machine Learning with Python Free Course
Deep Learning Nanodegree Program with Real-world Projects
Join @free4unow_backup for more free courses
ENJOY LEARNING๐๐
Weeks 1-2: Foundations
1. Learn Basics of Python: If not familiar, grasp the fundamentals of Python, a widely used language in AI.
2. Understand Linear Algebra and Calculus: Brush up on basic linear algebra and calculus as they form the foundation of machine learning.
Weeks 3-4: Machine Learning Basics
1. Study Machine Learning Fundamentals: Understand concepts like supervised learning, unsupervised learning, and evaluation metrics.
2. Get Familiar with TensorFlow or PyTorch: Choose one deep learning framework and learn its basics.
Weeks 5-6: Deep Learning
1. Neural Networks: Dive into neural networks, understanding architectures, activation functions, and training processes.
2. CNNs and RNNs: Learn Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for image data and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) for sequential data.
Weeks 7-8: Generative Models
1. Understand Generative Models: Study the theory behind generative models, focusing on GANs (Generative Adversarial Networks) and VAEs (Variational Autoencoders).
2. Hands-On Projects: Implement small generative projects to solidify your understanding. Experimenting with generative models will give you a deeper understanding of how they work. You can use platforms such as Google's Colab or Kaggle to experiment with different types of generative models.
Additional Tips:
- Read Research Papers: Explore seminal papers on GANs and VAEs to gain a deeper insight into their workings.
- Community Engagement: Join AI communities on platforms like Reddit or Stack Overflow to ask questions and learn from others.
Pro Tip: Roadmap won't help unless you start working on it consistently. Start working on projects as early as possible.
2 months are good as a starting point to get grasp the basics of Generative AI but mastering it is very difficult as AI keeps evolving every day.
Best Resources to learn Generative AI ๐๐
Learn Python for Free
Prompt Engineering Course
Prompt Engineering Guide
Data Science Course
Google Cloud Generative AI Path
Unlock the power of Generative AI Models
Machine Learning with Python Free Course
Deep Learning Nanodegree Program with Real-world Projects
Join @free4unow_backup for more free courses
ENJOY LEARNING๐๐
โค3
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Essential Python Libraries for Data Analytics ๐๐
Python Free Resources: https://t.iss.one/pythondevelopersindia
1. NumPy:
- Efficient numerical operations and array manipulation.
2. Pandas:
- Data manipulation and analysis with powerful data structures (DataFrame, Series).
3. Matplotlib:
- 2D plotting library for creating visualizations.
4. Scikit-learn:
- Machine learning toolkit for classification, regression, clustering, etc.
5. TensorFlow:
- Open-source machine learning framework for building and deploying ML models.
6. PyTorch:
- Deep learning library, particularly popular for neural network research.
7. Django:
- High-level web framework for building robust, scalable web applications.
8. Flask:
- Lightweight web framework for building smaller web applications and APIs.
9. Requests:
- HTTP library for making HTTP requests.
10. Beautiful Soup:
- Web scraping library for pulling data out of HTML and XML files.
As a beginner, you can start with Pandas and Numpy libraries for data analysis. If you want to transition from Data Analyst to Data Scientist, then you can start applying ML libraries like Scikit-learn, Tensorflow, Pytorch, etc. in your data projects.
Share with credits: https://t.iss.one/sqlspecialist
Hope it helps :)
Python Free Resources: https://t.iss.one/pythondevelopersindia
1. NumPy:
- Efficient numerical operations and array manipulation.
2. Pandas:
- Data manipulation and analysis with powerful data structures (DataFrame, Series).
3. Matplotlib:
- 2D plotting library for creating visualizations.
4. Scikit-learn:
- Machine learning toolkit for classification, regression, clustering, etc.
5. TensorFlow:
- Open-source machine learning framework for building and deploying ML models.
6. PyTorch:
- Deep learning library, particularly popular for neural network research.
7. Django:
- High-level web framework for building robust, scalable web applications.
8. Flask:
- Lightweight web framework for building smaller web applications and APIs.
9. Requests:
- HTTP library for making HTTP requests.
10. Beautiful Soup:
- Web scraping library for pulling data out of HTML and XML files.
As a beginner, you can start with Pandas and Numpy libraries for data analysis. If you want to transition from Data Analyst to Data Scientist, then you can start applying ML libraries like Scikit-learn, Tensorflow, Pytorch, etc. in your data projects.
Share with credits: https://t.iss.one/sqlspecialist
Hope it helps :)
๐2
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Python Interview Questions for Data/Business Analysts:
Question 1:
Given a dataset in a CSV file, how would you read it into a Pandas DataFrame? And how would you handle missing values?
Question 2:
Describe the difference between a list, a tuple, and a dictionary in Python. Provide an example for each.
Question 3:
Imagine you are provided with two datasets, 'sales_data' and 'product_data', both in the form of Pandas DataFrames. How would you merge these datasets on a common column named 'ProductID'?
Question 4:
How would you handle duplicate rows in a Pandas DataFrame? Write a Python code snippet to demonstrate.
Question 5:
Describe the difference between '.iloc[] and '.loc[]' in the context of Pandas.
Question 6:
In Python's Matplotlib library, how would you plot a line chart to visualize monthly sales? Assume you have a list of months and a list of corresponding sales numbers.
Question 7:
How would you use Python to connect to a SQL database and fetch data into a Pandas DataFrame?
Question 8:
Explain the concept of list comprehensions in Python. Can you provide an example where it's useful for data analysis?
Question 9:
How would you reshape a long-format DataFrame to a wide format using Pandas? Explain with an example.
Question 10:
What are lambda functions in Python? How are they beneficial in data wrangling tasks?
Question 11:
Describe a scenario where you would use the 'groupby()' method in Pandas. How would you aggregate data after grouping?
Question 12:
You are provided with a Pandas DataFrame that contains a column with date strings. How would you convert this column to a datetime format? Additionally, how would you extract the month and year from these datetime objects?
Question 13:
Explain the purpose of the 'pivot_table' method in Pandas and describe a business scenario where it might be useful.
Question 14:
How would you handle large datasets that don't fit into memory? Are you familiar with Dask or any similar libraries?
Python Interview Q&A: https://topmate.io/coding/898340
Like for more โค๏ธ
ENJOY LEARNING ๐๐
Question 1:
Given a dataset in a CSV file, how would you read it into a Pandas DataFrame? And how would you handle missing values?
Question 2:
Describe the difference between a list, a tuple, and a dictionary in Python. Provide an example for each.
Question 3:
Imagine you are provided with two datasets, 'sales_data' and 'product_data', both in the form of Pandas DataFrames. How would you merge these datasets on a common column named 'ProductID'?
Question 4:
How would you handle duplicate rows in a Pandas DataFrame? Write a Python code snippet to demonstrate.
Question 5:
Describe the difference between '.iloc[] and '.loc[]' in the context of Pandas.
Question 6:
In Python's Matplotlib library, how would you plot a line chart to visualize monthly sales? Assume you have a list of months and a list of corresponding sales numbers.
Question 7:
How would you use Python to connect to a SQL database and fetch data into a Pandas DataFrame?
Question 8:
Explain the concept of list comprehensions in Python. Can you provide an example where it's useful for data analysis?
Question 9:
How would you reshape a long-format DataFrame to a wide format using Pandas? Explain with an example.
Question 10:
What are lambda functions in Python? How are they beneficial in data wrangling tasks?
Question 11:
Describe a scenario where you would use the 'groupby()' method in Pandas. How would you aggregate data after grouping?
Question 12:
You are provided with a Pandas DataFrame that contains a column with date strings. How would you convert this column to a datetime format? Additionally, how would you extract the month and year from these datetime objects?
Question 13:
Explain the purpose of the 'pivot_table' method in Pandas and describe a business scenario where it might be useful.
Question 14:
How would you handle large datasets that don't fit into memory? Are you familiar with Dask or any similar libraries?
Python Interview Q&A: https://topmate.io/coding/898340
Like for more โค๏ธ
ENJOY LEARNING ๐๐
๐3
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Some interview questions related to Data science
1- what is difference between structured data and unstructured data.
2- what is multicollinearity.and how to remove them
3- which algorithms you use to find the most correlated features in the datasets.
4- define entropy
5- what is the workflow of principal component analysis
6- what are the applications of principal component analysis not with respect to dimensionality reduction
7- what is the Convolutional neural network. Explain me its working
1- what is difference between structured data and unstructured data.
2- what is multicollinearity.and how to remove them
3- which algorithms you use to find the most correlated features in the datasets.
4- define entropy
5- what is the workflow of principal component analysis
6- what are the applications of principal component analysis not with respect to dimensionality reduction
7- what is the Convolutional neural network. Explain me its working
๐2