𝐈𝐦𝐩𝐨𝐫𝐭𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐍𝐞𝐜𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐚𝐫𝐲 𝐋𝐢𝐛𝐫𝐚𝐫𝐢𝐞𝐬:

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns

𝐋𝐨𝐚𝐝𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐚𝐬𝐞𝐭:

df = pd.read_csv('your_dataset.csv')

𝐈𝐧𝐢𝐭𝐢𝐚𝐥 𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐚 𝐈𝐧𝐬𝐩𝐞𝐜𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧:

1- View the first few rows:
df.head()

2- Summary of the dataset:
df.info()

3- Statistical summary:
df.describe()

𝐇𝐚𝐧𝐝𝐥𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐌𝐢𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐧𝐠 𝐕𝐚𝐥𝐮𝐞𝐬:

1- Identify missing values:
df.isnull().sum()

2- Visualize missing values:
sns.heatmap(df.isnull(), cbar=False, cmap='viridis')
plt.show()

𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐚 𝐕𝐢𝐬𝐮𝐚𝐥𝐢𝐳𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧:

1- Histograms:
df.hist(bins=30, figsize=(20, 15))
plt.show()

2 - Box plots:
plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))
sns.boxplot(data=df)
plt.xticks(rotation=90)
plt.show()

3- Pair plots:
sns.pairplot(df)
plt.show()

4- Correlation matrix and heatmap:
correlation_matrix = df.corr()
plt.figure(figsize=(12, 8))
sns.heatmap(correlation_matrix, annot=True, cmap='coolwarm')
plt.show()

𝐂𝐚𝐭𝐞𝐠𝐨𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐚𝐥 𝐃𝐚𝐭𝐚 𝐀𝐧𝐚𝐥𝐲𝐬𝐢𝐬:
Count plots for categorical features:

plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))
sns.countplot(x='categorical_column', data=df)
plt.show()

Python Interview Q&A: https://topmate.io/coding/898340

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Frequently asked Python practice questions and answers in Data Analyst Interview:
1.Temperature Conversion: Write a program that converts a given temperature from Celsius to Fahrenheit or from Fahrenheit to Celsius based on user input.
temp = float(input('Enter the temperature: '))
unit = input('Enter the unit (C/F): ').upper()
if unit == 'C':
converted = (temp * 9/5) + 32
print(f'Temperature in Fahrenheit: {converted}')
elif unit == 'F':
converted = (temp - 32) * 5/9
print(f'Temperature in Celsius: {converted}')
else:
print('Invalid unit')

2.Multiplication Table: Write a program that prints the multiplication table of a given number using a while loop.
num = int(input('Enter a number: '))
i = 1
while i <= 10:
print(f'{num} x {i} = {num * i}')
i += 1

3.Greatest of Three Numbers: Write a program that takes three numbers as input and prints the greatest of the three.
num1 = float(input('Enter first number: '))
num2 = float(input('Enter second number: '))
num3 = float(input('Enter third number: '))
if num1 >= num2 and num1 >= num3:
print(f'The greatest number is {num1}')
elif num2 >= num1 and num2 >= num3:
print(f'The greatest number is {num2}')
else:
print(f'The greatest number is {num3}')

4.Sum of Even Numbers: Write a program that calculates the sum of all even numbers between 1 and a given number using a while loop.
num = int(input('Enter a number: '))
total = 0
i = 2
while i <= num:
total += i
i += 2
print(f'The sum of even numbers up to {num} is {total}')

5.Check Armstrong Number: Write a program that checks if a given number is an Armstrong number.
num = int(input('Enter a number: '))
sum_of_digits = 0
original_num = num
while num > 0:
digit = num % 10
sum_of_digits += digit ** 3
num //= 10
if sum_of_digits == original_num:
print(f'{original_num} is an Armstrong number')
else:
print(f'{original_num} is not an Armstrong number')

6.Reverse a Number: Write a program that reverses the digits of a given number using a while loop.
num = int(input('Enter a number: '))
reversed_num = 0
while num > 0:
digit = num % 10
reversed_num = reversed_num * 10 + digit
num //= 10
print(f'The reversed number is {reversed_num}')

7.Count Vowels and Consonants: Write a program that counts the number of vowels and consonants in a given string.
string = input('Enter a string: ').lower()
vowels = 'aeiou'
vowel_count = 0
consonant_count = 0
for char in string:
if char.isalpha():
if char in vowels:
vowel_count += 1
else:
consonant_count += 1
print(f'Number of vowels: {vowel_count}')
print(f'Number of consonants: {consonant_count}')

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Lists 🆚 Tuples 🆚 Dictionaries

What's the difference?

Lists are mutable.
Tuples are immutable.
Dictionaries are associative.

When should you use each?

Lists:
⟶ When you want to add or remove elements
⟶ When you want to sort elements
⟶ When you want to slice elements

Tuples:
⟶ When you want a constant object
⟶ When you want to send multiple in a function
⟶ When you want to return multiple from a function

Dictionaries:
⟶ When you want to map keys to values
⟶ When you want to loop over the keys
⟶ When you want to validate if key exists

Now, pick your weapon of mass data analysis and become a Python pro!

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Here are 5 key Python libraries/ concepts that are particularly important for data analysts:

1. Pandas: Pandas is a powerful library for data manipulation and analysis in Python. It provides data structures like DataFrames and Series that make it easy to work with structured data. Pandas offers functions for reading and writing data, cleaning and transforming data, and performing data analysis tasks like filtering, grouping, and aggregating.

2. NumPy: NumPy is a fundamental package for scientific computing in Python. It provides support for large, multi-dimensional arrays and matrices, along with a collection of mathematical functions to operate on these arrays efficiently. NumPy is often used in conjunction with Pandas for numerical computations and data manipulation.

3. Matplotlib and Seaborn: Matplotlib is a popular plotting library in Python that allows you to create a wide variety of static, interactive, and animated visualizations. Seaborn is built on top of Matplotlib and provides a higher-level interface for creating attractive and informative statistical graphics. These libraries are essential for data visualization in data analysis projects.

4. Scikit-learn: Scikit-learn is a machine learning library in Python that provides simple and efficient tools for data mining and data analysis tasks. It includes a wide range of algorithms for classification, regression, clustering, dimensionality reduction, and more. Scikit-learn also offers tools for model evaluation, hyperparameter tuning, and model selection.

5. Data Cleaning and Preprocessing: Data cleaning and preprocessing are crucial steps in any data analysis project. Python offers libraries like Pandas and NumPy for handling missing values, removing duplicates, standardizing data types, scaling numerical features, encoding categorical variables, and more. Understanding how to clean and preprocess data effectively is essential for accurate analysis and modeling.

By mastering these Python concepts and libraries, data analysts can efficiently manipulate and analyze data, create insightful visualizations, apply machine learning techniques, and derive valuable insights from their datasets.

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How to get job as python fresher?

1. Get Your Python Fundamentals Strong
You should have a clear understanding of Python syntax, statements, variables & operators, control structures, functions & modules, OOP concepts, exception handling, and various other concepts before going out for a Python interview.

2. Learn Python Frameworks
As a beginner, you’re recommended to start with Django as it is considered the standard framework for Python by many developers. An adequate amount of experience with frameworks will not only help you to dive deeper into the Python world but will also help you to stand out among other Python freshers.

3. Build Some Relevant Projects
You can start it by building several minor projects such as Number guessing game, Hangman Game, Website Blocker, and many others. Also, you can opt to build few advanced-level projects once you’ll learn several Python web frameworks and other trending technologies.

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4. Get Exposure to Trending Technologies Using Python.
Python is being used with almost every latest tech trend whether it be Artificial Intelligence, Internet of Things (IOT), Cloud Computing, or any other. And getting exposure to these upcoming technologies using Python will not only make you industry-ready but will also give you an edge over others during a career opportunity.

5. Do an Internship & Grow Your Network.
You need to connect with those professionals who are already working in the same industry in which you are aspiring to get into such as Data Science, Machine learning, Web Development, etc.

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Python Cheat Sheet-1.pdf

Python for everything
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Writing Python Lists

Python Interview Questions for Data/Business Analysts in MNC:

Question 1:
Given a dataset in a CSV file, how would you read it into a Pandas DataFrame? And how would you handle missing values?

Question 2:
Describe the difference between a list, a tuple, and a dictionary in Python. Provide an example for each.

Question 3:
Imagine you are provided with two datasets, 'sales_data' and 'product_data', both in the form of Pandas DataFrames. How would you merge these datasets on a common column named 'ProductID'?

Question 4:
How would you handle duplicate rows in a Pandas DataFrame? Write a Python code snippet to demonstrate.

Question 5:
Describe the difference between '.iloc[] and '.loc[]' in the context of Pandas.

Question 6:
In Python's Matplotlib library, how would you plot a line chart to visualize monthly sales? Assume you have a list of months and a list of corresponding sales numbers.

Question 7:
How would you use Python to connect to a SQL database and fetch data into a Pandas DataFrame?

Question 8:
Explain the concept of list comprehensions in Python. Can you provide an example where it's useful for data analysis?

Question 9:
How would you reshape a long-format DataFrame to a wide format using Pandas? Explain with an example.

Question 10:
What are lambda functions in Python? How are they beneficial in data wrangling tasks?

Question 11:
Describe a scenario where you would use the 'groupby()' method in Pandas. How would you aggregate data after grouping?

Question 12:
You are provided with a Pandas DataFrame that contains a column with date strings. How would you convert this column to a datetime format? Additionally, how would you extract the month and year from these datetime objects?

Question 13:
Explain the purpose of the 'pivot_table' method in Pandas and describe a business scenario where it might be useful.

Question 14:
How would you handle large datasets that don't fit into memory? Are you familiar with Dask or any similar libraries?

Question 15:
In a dataset, you observe that some numerical columns are highly skewed. How can you normalize or transform these columns using Python?

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Useful Python for data science cheat sheets 👇

Python road map
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