📊 Core Data Analyst Interview Topics You Should Know ✅

1️⃣ Excel/Spreadsheet Skills
⦁ VLOOKUP, INDEX-MATCH, XLOOKUP (newer Excel fave)
⦁ Pivot Tables for summarizing data
⦁ Conditional Formatting to highlight trends
⦁ Data Cleaning & Validation with formulas like IFERROR

2️⃣ SQL & Databases
⦁ SELECT, JOINs (INNER, LEFT, RIGHT, FULL)
⦁ GROUP BY, HAVING, ORDER BY for aggregations
⦁ Subqueries & Window Functions (ROW_NUMBER, LAG)
⦁ CTEs for cleaner, reusable queries

3️⃣ Data Visualization
⦁ Tools: Power BI, Tableau, Excel, Google Data Studio
⦁ Best practices: Choose charts wisely (bar for comparisons, line for trends)
⦁ Dashboards & Interactivity with slicers/drill-downs
⦁ Storytelling with Data to make insights pop

4️⃣ Statistics & Probability
⦁ Mean, Median, Mode, Standard Deviation for summaries
⦁ Correlation vs. Causation (correlation doesn't imply cause!)
⦁ Hypothesis Testing (t-test, p-value for significance)
⦁ Confidence Intervals to gauge reliability

5️⃣ Python for Data Analysis
⦁ Libraries: Pandas for dataframes, NumPy for arrays, Matplotlib/Seaborn for plots
⦁ Data wrangling & cleaning (handling nulls, merging)
⦁ Basic EDA: Describe stats, visualizations, correlations

6️⃣ Business Understanding
⦁ KPI identification (e.g., conversion rate, churn)
⦁ Funnel analysis for drop-offs
⦁ A/B Testing basics to validate changes
⦁ Decision-making support with actionable recommendations

7️⃣ Problem Solving & Case Studies
⦁ Product metrics (DAU/MAU, retention)
⦁ Customer segmentation (RFM analysis)
⦁ Market trend analysis with time-series

8️⃣ ETL Concepts
⦁ Extract from sources, Transform (clean/aggregate), Load to warehouses
⦁ Data pipeline basics using tools like Airflow or dbt

9️⃣ Data Cleaning Techniques
⦁ Handling missing values (impute or drop)
⦁ Duplicates, outliers detection/removal
⦁ Data formatting (standardize dates, text)

🔟 Soft Skills & Communication
⦁ Explaining insights to non-technical stakeholders simply
⦁ Clear visualization storytelling (avoid clutter)
⦁ Collaborating with cross-functional teams for context

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Skills Needed To Become Data Analyst