Git Commands
๐ git init โ Initialize a new Git repository
๐ฅ git clone <repo> โ Clone a repository
๐ git status โ Check the status of your repository
โ git add <file> โ Add a file to the staging area
๐ git commit -m "message" โ Commit changes with a message
๐ git push โ Push changes to a remote repository
โฌ๏ธ git pull โ Fetch and merge changes from a remote repository
Branching
๐ git branch โ List all branches
๐ฑ git branch <name> โ Create a new branch
๐ git checkout <branch> โ Switch to a branch
๐ git merge <branch> โ Merge a branch into the current branch
โก๏ธ git rebase <branch> โ Apply commits on top of another branch
Undo & Fix Mistakes
โช git reset --soft HEAD~1 โ Undo the last commit but keep changes
โ git reset --hard HEAD~1 โ Undo the last commit and discard changes
๐ git revert <commit> โ Create a new commit that undoes a specific commit
Logs & History
๐ git log โ Show commit history
๐ git log --oneline --graph --all โ View commit history in a simple graph
Stashing
๐ฅ git stash โ Save changes without committing
๐ญ git stash pop โ Apply stashed changes and remove them from stash
Remote & Collaboration
๐ git remote -v โ View remote repositories
๐ก git fetch โ Fetch changes without merging
๐ต๏ธ git diff โ Compare changes
Donโt forget to react โค๏ธ if youโd like to see more content like this!
๐ git init โ Initialize a new Git repository
๐ฅ git clone <repo> โ Clone a repository
๐ git status โ Check the status of your repository
โ git add <file> โ Add a file to the staging area
๐ git commit -m "message" โ Commit changes with a message
๐ git push โ Push changes to a remote repository
โฌ๏ธ git pull โ Fetch and merge changes from a remote repository
Branching
๐ git branch โ List all branches
๐ฑ git branch <name> โ Create a new branch
๐ git checkout <branch> โ Switch to a branch
๐ git merge <branch> โ Merge a branch into the current branch
โก๏ธ git rebase <branch> โ Apply commits on top of another branch
Undo & Fix Mistakes
โช git reset --soft HEAD~1 โ Undo the last commit but keep changes
โ git reset --hard HEAD~1 โ Undo the last commit and discard changes
๐ git revert <commit> โ Create a new commit that undoes a specific commit
Logs & History
๐ git log โ Show commit history
๐ git log --oneline --graph --all โ View commit history in a simple graph
Stashing
๐ฅ git stash โ Save changes without committing
๐ญ git stash pop โ Apply stashed changes and remove them from stash
Remote & Collaboration
๐ git remote -v โ View remote repositories
๐ก git fetch โ Fetch changes without merging
๐ต๏ธ git diff โ Compare changes
Donโt forget to react โค๏ธ if youโd like to see more content like this!
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7 Most Popular Programming Languages in 2025
1. Python
The Jack of All Trades
Why it's loved: Simple syntax, huge community, beginner-friendly.
Used for: Data Science, Machine Learning, Web Development, Automation.
Who uses it: Data analysts, backend developers, researchers, even kids learning to code.
2. JavaScript
The Language of the Web
Why it's everywhere: Runs in every browser, now also on servers (Node.js).
Used for: Frontend & backend web apps, interactive UI, full-stack apps.
Who uses it: Web developers, app developers, UI/UX enthusiasts.
3. Java
The Enterprise Backbone
Why it stands strong: Portable, secure, scalable โ runs on everything from desktops to Android devices.
Used for: Android apps, enterprise software, backend systems.
Who uses it: Large corporations, Android developers, system architects.
4. C/C++
The Power Players
Why they matter: Super fast, close to the hardware, great for performance-critical apps.
Used for: Game engines, operating systems, embedded systems.
Who uses it: System programmers, game developers, performance-focused engineers.
5. C#
Microsoftโs Darling
Why it's growing: Built into the .NET ecosystem, great for Windows apps and games.
Used for: Desktop applications, Unity game development, enterprise tools.
Who uses it: Game developers, enterprise app developers, Windows lovers.
6. SQL
The Language of Data
Why itโs essential: Every application needs a database โ SQL helps you talk to it.
Used for: Querying databases, reporting, analytics.
Who uses it: Data analysts, backend devs, business intelligence professionals.
7. Go (Golang)
The Modern Minimalist
Why itโs rising: Simple, fast, and built for scale โ ideal for cloud-native apps.
Used for: Web servers, microservices, distributed systems.
Who uses it: Backend engineers, DevOps, cloud developers.
Free Coding Resources: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VahiFZQ4o7qN54LTzB17
1. Python
The Jack of All Trades
Why it's loved: Simple syntax, huge community, beginner-friendly.
Used for: Data Science, Machine Learning, Web Development, Automation.
Who uses it: Data analysts, backend developers, researchers, even kids learning to code.
2. JavaScript
The Language of the Web
Why it's everywhere: Runs in every browser, now also on servers (Node.js).
Used for: Frontend & backend web apps, interactive UI, full-stack apps.
Who uses it: Web developers, app developers, UI/UX enthusiasts.
3. Java
The Enterprise Backbone
Why it stands strong: Portable, secure, scalable โ runs on everything from desktops to Android devices.
Used for: Android apps, enterprise software, backend systems.
Who uses it: Large corporations, Android developers, system architects.
4. C/C++
The Power Players
Why they matter: Super fast, close to the hardware, great for performance-critical apps.
Used for: Game engines, operating systems, embedded systems.
Who uses it: System programmers, game developers, performance-focused engineers.
5. C#
Microsoftโs Darling
Why it's growing: Built into the .NET ecosystem, great for Windows apps and games.
Used for: Desktop applications, Unity game development, enterprise tools.
Who uses it: Game developers, enterprise app developers, Windows lovers.
6. SQL
The Language of Data
Why itโs essential: Every application needs a database โ SQL helps you talk to it.
Used for: Querying databases, reporting, analytics.
Who uses it: Data analysts, backend devs, business intelligence professionals.
7. Go (Golang)
The Modern Minimalist
Why itโs rising: Simple, fast, and built for scale โ ideal for cloud-native apps.
Used for: Web servers, microservices, distributed systems.
Who uses it: Backend engineers, DevOps, cloud developers.
Free Coding Resources: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VahiFZQ4o7qN54LTzB17
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1. What is the difference between SQL and MySQL?
SQL is a standard language for retrieving and manipulating structured databases. On the contrary, MySQL is a relational database management system, like SQL Server, Oracle or IBM DB2, that is used to manage SQL databases.
2. What is a Cross-Join?
Cross join can be defined as a cartesian product of the two tables included in the join. The table after join contains the same number of rows as in the cross-product of the number of rows in the two tables. If a WHERE clause is used in cross join then the query will work like an INNER JOIN.
3. What is a Stored Procedure?
A stored procedure is a subroutine available to applications that access a relational database management system (RDBMS). Such procedures are stored in the database data dictionary. The sole disadvantage of stored procedure is that it can be executed nowhere except in the database and occupies more memory in the database server.
4. What is Pattern Matching in SQL?
SQL pattern matching provides for pattern search in data if you have no clue as to what that word should be. This kind of SQL query uses wildcards to match a string pattern, rather than writing the exact word. The LIKE operator is used in conjunction with SQL Wildcards to fetch the required information.
SQL is a standard language for retrieving and manipulating structured databases. On the contrary, MySQL is a relational database management system, like SQL Server, Oracle or IBM DB2, that is used to manage SQL databases.
2. What is a Cross-Join?
Cross join can be defined as a cartesian product of the two tables included in the join. The table after join contains the same number of rows as in the cross-product of the number of rows in the two tables. If a WHERE clause is used in cross join then the query will work like an INNER JOIN.
3. What is a Stored Procedure?
A stored procedure is a subroutine available to applications that access a relational database management system (RDBMS). Such procedures are stored in the database data dictionary. The sole disadvantage of stored procedure is that it can be executed nowhere except in the database and occupies more memory in the database server.
4. What is Pattern Matching in SQL?
SQL pattern matching provides for pattern search in data if you have no clue as to what that word should be. This kind of SQL query uses wildcards to match a string pattern, rather than writing the exact word. The LIKE operator is used in conjunction with SQL Wildcards to fetch the required information.
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15 Best Project Ideas for Backend Development : ๐ ๏ธ๐
๐ Beginner Level :
1. ๐ฆ RESTful API for a To-Do App
2. ๐ Contact Form Backend
3. ๐๏ธ File Upload Service
4. ๐ฌ Email Subscription Service
5. ๐งพ Notes App Backend
๐ Intermediate Level :
6. ๐ E-commerce Backend with Cart & Orders
7. ๐ Authentication System (JWT/OAuth)
8. ๐งโ๐คโ๐ง User Management API
9. ๐งพ Invoice Generator API
10. ๐ง Blog CMS Backend
๐ Advanced Level :
11. ๐ง AI Chatbot Backend Integration
12. ๐ Real-Time Stock Tracker using WebSockets
13. ๐ง Music Streaming Server
14. ๐ฌ Real-Time Chat Server
15. โ๏ธ Microservices Architecture for Large Apps
Here you can find more Coding Project Ideas: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VazkxJ62UPB7OQhBE502
Web Development Jobs: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Vb1raTiDjiOias5ARu2p
JavaScript Resources: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VavR9OxLtOjJTXrZNi32
ENJOY LEARNING ๐๐
๐ Beginner Level :
1. ๐ฆ RESTful API for a To-Do App
2. ๐ Contact Form Backend
3. ๐๏ธ File Upload Service
4. ๐ฌ Email Subscription Service
5. ๐งพ Notes App Backend
๐ Intermediate Level :
6. ๐ E-commerce Backend with Cart & Orders
7. ๐ Authentication System (JWT/OAuth)
8. ๐งโ๐คโ๐ง User Management API
9. ๐งพ Invoice Generator API
10. ๐ง Blog CMS Backend
๐ Advanced Level :
11. ๐ง AI Chatbot Backend Integration
12. ๐ Real-Time Stock Tracker using WebSockets
13. ๐ง Music Streaming Server
14. ๐ฌ Real-Time Chat Server
15. โ๏ธ Microservices Architecture for Large Apps
Here you can find more Coding Project Ideas: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VazkxJ62UPB7OQhBE502
Web Development Jobs: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Vb1raTiDjiOias5ARu2p
JavaScript Resources: https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VavR9OxLtOjJTXrZNi32
ENJOY LEARNING ๐๐
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5 frequently Asked SQL Interview Questions with Answers in Data Engineering interviews:
๐๐ข๐๐๐ข๐๐ฎ๐ฅ๐ญ๐ฒ - ๐๐๐๐ข๐ฎ๐ฆ
โซ๏ธDetermine the Top 5 Products with the Highest Revenue in Each Category.
Schema: Products (ProductID, Name, CategoryID), Sales (SaleID, ProductID, Amount)
WITH ProductRevenue AS (
SELECT p.ProductID,
p.Name,
p.CategoryID,
SUM(s.Amount) AS TotalRevenue,
RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY p.CategoryID ORDER BY SUM(s.Amount) DESC) AS RevenueRank
FROM Products p
JOIN Sales s ON p.ProductID = s.ProductID
GROUP BY p.ProductID, p.Name, p.CategoryID
)
SELECT ProductID, Name, CategoryID, TotalRevenue
FROM ProductRevenue
WHERE RevenueRank <= 5;
โซ๏ธ Identify Employees with Increasing Sales for Four Consecutive Quarters.
Schema: Sales (EmployeeID, SaleDate, Amount)
WITH QuarterlySales AS (
SELECT EmployeeID,
DATE_TRUNC('quarter', SaleDate) AS Quarter,
SUM(Amount) AS QuarterlyAmount
FROM Sales
GROUP BY EmployeeID, DATE_TRUNC('quarter', SaleDate)
),
SalesTrend AS (
SELECT EmployeeID,
Quarter,
QuarterlyAmount,
LAG(QuarterlyAmount, 1) OVER (PARTITION BY EmployeeID ORDER BY Quarter) AS PrevQuarter1,
LAG(QuarterlyAmount, 2) OVER (PARTITION BY EmployeeID ORDER BY Quarter) AS PrevQuarter2,
LAG(QuarterlyAmount, 3) OVER (PARTITION BY EmployeeID ORDER BY Quarter) AS PrevQuarter3
FROM QuarterlySales
)
SELECT EmployeeID, Quarter, QuarterlyAmount
FROM SalesTrend
WHERE QuarterlyAmount > PrevQuarter1 AND PrevQuarter1 > PrevQuarter2 AND PrevQuarter2 > PrevQuarter3;
โซ๏ธ List Customers Who Made Purchases in Each of the Last Three Years.
Schema: Orders (OrderID, CustomerID, OrderDate)
WITH YearlyOrders AS (
SELECT CustomerID,
EXTRACT(YEAR FROM OrderDate) AS OrderYear
FROM Orders
GROUP BY CustomerID, EXTRACT(YEAR FROM OrderDate)
),
RecentYears AS (
SELECT DISTINCT OrderYear
FROM Orders
WHERE OrderDate >= CURRENT_DATE - INTERVAL '3 years'
),
CustomerYearlyOrders AS (
SELECT CustomerID,
COUNT(DISTINCT OrderYear) AS YearCount
FROM YearlyOrders
WHERE OrderYear IN (SELECT OrderYear FROM RecentYears)
GROUP BY CustomerID
)
SELECT CustomerID
FROM CustomerYearlyOrders
WHERE YearCount = 3;
โซ๏ธ Find the Third Lowest Price for Each Product Category.
Schema: Products (ProductID, Name, CategoryID, Price)
WITH RankedPrices AS (
SELECT CategoryID,
Price,
DENSE_RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY CategoryID ORDER BY Price ASC) AS PriceRank
FROM Products
)
SELECT CategoryID, Price
FROM RankedPrices
WHERE PriceRank = 3;
โซ๏ธ Identify Products with Total Sales Exceeding a Specified Threshold Over the Last 30 Days.
Schema: Sales (SaleID, ProductID, SaleDate, Amount)
WITH RecentSales AS (
SELECT ProductID,
SUM(Amount) AS TotalSales
FROM Sales
WHERE SaleDate >= CURRENT_DATE - INTERVAL '30 days'
GROUP BY ProductID
)
SELECT ProductID, TotalSales
FROM RecentSales
WHERE TotalSales > 200;
Here you can find essential Interview Resources๐
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaGgzAk72WTmQFERKh02
Like this post if you need more ๐โค๏ธ
Hope it helps :)
๐๐ข๐๐๐ข๐๐ฎ๐ฅ๐ญ๐ฒ - ๐๐๐๐ข๐ฎ๐ฆ
โซ๏ธDetermine the Top 5 Products with the Highest Revenue in Each Category.
Schema: Products (ProductID, Name, CategoryID), Sales (SaleID, ProductID, Amount)
WITH ProductRevenue AS (
SELECT p.ProductID,
p.Name,
p.CategoryID,
SUM(s.Amount) AS TotalRevenue,
RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY p.CategoryID ORDER BY SUM(s.Amount) DESC) AS RevenueRank
FROM Products p
JOIN Sales s ON p.ProductID = s.ProductID
GROUP BY p.ProductID, p.Name, p.CategoryID
)
SELECT ProductID, Name, CategoryID, TotalRevenue
FROM ProductRevenue
WHERE RevenueRank <= 5;
โซ๏ธ Identify Employees with Increasing Sales for Four Consecutive Quarters.
Schema: Sales (EmployeeID, SaleDate, Amount)
WITH QuarterlySales AS (
SELECT EmployeeID,
DATE_TRUNC('quarter', SaleDate) AS Quarter,
SUM(Amount) AS QuarterlyAmount
FROM Sales
GROUP BY EmployeeID, DATE_TRUNC('quarter', SaleDate)
),
SalesTrend AS (
SELECT EmployeeID,
Quarter,
QuarterlyAmount,
LAG(QuarterlyAmount, 1) OVER (PARTITION BY EmployeeID ORDER BY Quarter) AS PrevQuarter1,
LAG(QuarterlyAmount, 2) OVER (PARTITION BY EmployeeID ORDER BY Quarter) AS PrevQuarter2,
LAG(QuarterlyAmount, 3) OVER (PARTITION BY EmployeeID ORDER BY Quarter) AS PrevQuarter3
FROM QuarterlySales
)
SELECT EmployeeID, Quarter, QuarterlyAmount
FROM SalesTrend
WHERE QuarterlyAmount > PrevQuarter1 AND PrevQuarter1 > PrevQuarter2 AND PrevQuarter2 > PrevQuarter3;
โซ๏ธ List Customers Who Made Purchases in Each of the Last Three Years.
Schema: Orders (OrderID, CustomerID, OrderDate)
WITH YearlyOrders AS (
SELECT CustomerID,
EXTRACT(YEAR FROM OrderDate) AS OrderYear
FROM Orders
GROUP BY CustomerID, EXTRACT(YEAR FROM OrderDate)
),
RecentYears AS (
SELECT DISTINCT OrderYear
FROM Orders
WHERE OrderDate >= CURRENT_DATE - INTERVAL '3 years'
),
CustomerYearlyOrders AS (
SELECT CustomerID,
COUNT(DISTINCT OrderYear) AS YearCount
FROM YearlyOrders
WHERE OrderYear IN (SELECT OrderYear FROM RecentYears)
GROUP BY CustomerID
)
SELECT CustomerID
FROM CustomerYearlyOrders
WHERE YearCount = 3;
โซ๏ธ Find the Third Lowest Price for Each Product Category.
Schema: Products (ProductID, Name, CategoryID, Price)
WITH RankedPrices AS (
SELECT CategoryID,
Price,
DENSE_RANK() OVER (PARTITION BY CategoryID ORDER BY Price ASC) AS PriceRank
FROM Products
)
SELECT CategoryID, Price
FROM RankedPrices
WHERE PriceRank = 3;
โซ๏ธ Identify Products with Total Sales Exceeding a Specified Threshold Over the Last 30 Days.
Schema: Sales (SaleID, ProductID, SaleDate, Amount)
WITH RecentSales AS (
SELECT ProductID,
SUM(Amount) AS TotalSales
FROM Sales
WHERE SaleDate >= CURRENT_DATE - INTERVAL '30 days'
GROUP BY ProductID
)
SELECT ProductID, TotalSales
FROM RecentSales
WHERE TotalSales > 200;
Here you can find essential Interview Resources๐
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaGgzAk72WTmQFERKh02
Like this post if you need more ๐โค๏ธ
Hope it helps :)
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