34 Sparkel Drink Ideas all non-alcoholic and no tea ones. Just put this together for personal reference.

Working with PDFs. Made a PDF of the above two posts for quick reference. Pretty much sums up all the stuff I do on a regular basis with PDFs.

My profiles for videomass I use.

Profile name: hevc 265 libopus 16k crf 28
Description: crf 28 or 31 for VHS quality
output format: mp4


-c:v hevc -crf 28 -c:a libopus -b:a 16k -vf scale="-2:720"

Profile name: burn-in subtitles
Description: x265, rescale to 720p, srt subs hard-coded
output format: mp4
-c:v hevc -crf 28 -c:a libopus -b:a 16k -vf scale="-2:720",subtitles="/home/mint/Videos/English.srt"

Profile name: replace audio and rescale to 720p
Description: x265 replace audio track
output format: mp4


-i "/home/mint/Music/music.opus" -c:v hevc -crf 28 -vf scale="-2:720" -c:a copy -map 0:v:0 -map 1:a:0 -map_metadata 0 -shortest

Profile name: Extract audio from video converts to Opus
Description: in Opus 16kbps (talk) 96k (music)
output format: opus


-vn -sn -map 0:1 -c:a:0 libopus -b:a 16k -vbr off -map_metadata 0

Profile name: encode video to audio only opus
Description: 16kbps for speech, talk audio only from video
output format: opus


-vn -c:a libopus -b:a 16k

-vbr off

Profile name: Add audio stream to video (copy)
Description: muxing audio with video
output format: mp4
-i "/home/mint/music.opus" -c:v copy -c:a copy -map_metadata 0 -shortest

Profile name: audio filter Dynamic Audio Normalization
Description: collection of mp3s prepare for opus chaptered audiobook
output format: opus


-vn -c:a libopus -b:a 32k -vbr off -ar 48000 -af dynaudnorm,aformat=channel_layouts=stereo

Profile name: noise reduction
Description: highpass=500 lowpass =1000
output format: opus


-c:a libopus -vbr off -b:a 32k -ar 48000 -af highpass=200,lowpass=3000,afftdn,aformat=channel_layouts=stereo,volume=12dB,dynaudnorm

Profile name: remove silence
Description: start_periods=0 to only remove silence from beginning
output format: opus


-c:a libopus -vbr off -b:a 32k -ar 48000 -af highpass=500,lowpass=1000,afftdn,aformat=channel_layouts=stereo,volume=12dB,"silenceremove=start_periods=1:stop_periods=-1:start_threshold=-50dB:stop_threshold=-50dB:start_silence=1:start_duration=2:stop_duration=5:detection=peak",dynaudnorm

ffmpeg 5.x no longer requires the option -strict -2 when using opus in mp4. If still on ffmpeg 4.x you need to use it.

Download all the presets here https://t.iss.one/geektips/321

downsub.com works great for getting subtitles

Telegram doesn't have subtitles and most users aren't gonna download a video and the SRT subs and watch locally. So until telegram does we must burn-in subtitles. See previous post how to do so with videomass.

1) paste the link to the video

2) click on SRT to download the English subtitles

3) optionally translate from one language to another (I've done this with German to English)

4) download the language you want it translated to

Make a chaptered audiobook with the chapter times already specified.

On youtube it lists the times but has a single segment for chapters 1-10 and so on.

0:00:00 Opening
0:00:49 Chapter 1: The Beginning
0:09:07 Chapter 2: Regality
0:29:27 Chapter 3: Polar Symbolism; The Lord of Peace and Justice
0:40:28 Chapter 4: The Law, The State, the Empire
0:58:40 Chapter 5: The Mystery of the Rite
1:11:39 Chapter 6: On the Primordial Nature of the Patriciate
1:28:07 Chapter 7: Spiritual Virility
1:38:52 Chapter 8: The Two Paths in the Afterlife
1:53:47 Chapter 9: Life and Death of Civilizations
2:08:05 Chapter 10: Initiation and Consecration

First in videomass download all the segments for the audiobook using yt-dlp.

in LosslessCut (Win, Mac, Linux appimage and GPL free) load up the mp4 for chapters 1 to 10 and press G (to go to specific time) and input the time to create chapter breaks. Press B to set a break / split point there.

LosslessCut export options

1) choose separate files which you'll rename later in your file manager to match the chapter names

2) Smart cut (experimental) Yes as this will cut exactly at the break/split point.

Now just set metadata to file name in MusicBrainz Picard and import into freac and make your chaptered opus audiobook.

Huge audiobook collections from various sources video / audio have various sample rates which is irrelevant but mixing various sample rates 44.1kHz, 48kHz creates a problem of chapter times being not accurate.

Opus compression does not depend on the input sample rate; timestamps are measured in 48 kHz units even if the full bandwidth is not used.

1) Freac when you attempt to Encode to a single file opus chaptered audiobook and you see verious sample rates stop. First encode audio files with videomass before loading them into freac.

Preset filter to use in videomass and output to opus

-vn -c:a libopus -b:a 32k -ar 48000 -af dynaudnorm,aformat=channel_layouts=mono

-ar 48000 (is mandatory) and mono (is highly recommended)

dynaudnorm = Dynamic Audio Normalization so corrects low volume (optional)

Don't forget with hundreds of chapters you can't access them all on VLC on your computer so need to use VLC on your phone.

Shows why Opus has superior audio quality at 16kbps. All audiobooks at 16kbps 48kHz or 44kHz.

Opus is superior for low (orange) narrowband 8kHz, (yellow) wideband 16kHz, (green) super-wideband 24kHz and fullband 48kHz for ultra low bitrate and latency which is important for real-time communication. Zoom, Discord, Playstation Network, Jitsi, WhatsApp all use Opus for their voice communication.

To reduce the file size of a video while retaining video resolution and quality. This is all I do with videomass (free GPL Windows, Linux or Mac) which is just a frontend GUI for ffmpeg which is also free.

1) Click Presets Manager then drag video into queue

2) choose the following preset (need to set up initially)

-c:v hevc -crf 28 -c:a libopus -b:a 16k -vf scale="-2:720"

3) remove -vf scale="-2:720" if you don't wanna upscale nor downscale this video to 720p

4) click Convert

5) click OK

containers there is mp4 and mkv. Telegram likes mp4 to be able to stream for iphones, etc.

Audio codecs aac (most common) and opus which I use since it's superior at lower bitrates.

-crf 28 I use for most video clips and use -crf 31 for VHS quality stuff. If you're doing a Hollywood movie use -crf 23 (lower is higher quality). Also you wouldn't re-encode audio so just -c:a copy instead of -c:a libopus and don't specify a bitrate -b:a 16k

ffmpeg 5.x no longer requires -strict -2 for opus with mp4

Videomass here are the presets I use. You can download here https://t.iss.one/geektips/331 it's just a text file All Opus, Subs, x265.prst and choose Import preset.
Obviously you must change the path in a few of them. Or you can copy and paste them in from this post.
https://t.iss.one/geektips/311

Easily remove line breaks in LibreOffice which can occur if you copy text from a PDF.

1) Shows line breaks

2) pressing Ctrl-Shift-L to activate the macro to remove line breaks

3) shows line breaks removed and the text flows to the end of the page

How to setup the macro in LibreOffice
https://t.iss.one/geektips/270

How to make an opus chaptered audiobook (quick overview)

Downloaded an m4a (m4b) audiobook 1.2GB but it didn't have chapters so had to download 8.6GB video text audiobook that had chapters and extracted the zip file. Could try to automatically to detect chapters based on silence and manually rename but decided against it.

Rename files in your filemanager then load in MusicBrainz Picard set Title (chapter name) metadata to be the same as the filenames by Ctrl-Shift-T

For those on Mac use MP3Tag which can
Rename files from tags Rename files based on the tag information and import tags from filenames.

Drag files into freac and set to Encode to a single file and Opus encoder to 16kbps.

Add a cover if there isn't one already there in the metadata. Also set Artist to the Author and Album to the Title of audiobook. Press Encode. Notice on telegram it shows Kevin B. MacDonald instead of Kevin MacDonald. You can use tageditor to fix that if you wish.

Telegram uses MiB (Mebibyte rather than Megabyte) which is International System of Units (SI)
100 MB = 95MiB (~5% less)
1GB = .93 GiB

Linux Mint terminal
ls -lh shows 182M which is 182MiB
ls -l --si shows 192M which is 192MB

Those on Linux Mint (or other distros it's on flathub) Warpinator has an iOS (requires iOS 13+) in beta app. Must start up warpinator first and then open app.

Beta Link for Warpinator iOS app
https://testflight.apple.com/join/7ndmZa31

LibreOffice Writer remove all Number References from a wiki article. [1][2][10][15], etc.
Search and Replace All (check regular expressions)
\[[\d]+\]

\[ and \] escape the [ ] characters
[\d] digits and + unlimited amount of digits

Remove all hyperlinks in document
Ctrl-A, right click and Remove Hyperlink

All Opus, Subs, x265.prst

8 Freac presets I use for video and audio encoding. Updated with audio filter Dynamic Audio Normalization / collection of mp3s prepare for opus chaptered audiobooks for getting correct chapter times.

Took me a couple of days to figure this one out but freac signal processing channel converter (mono) and Sample Rate Converter 48000 still resulted in incorrect chapter times on opus audiobooks. Videomass filter worked.

m4bs don't have this problem. Just usually a collection of mp3s since they all can contain various sample rates.

To see what the 8 freac presets are check here https://t.iss.one/geektips/311

I wasted over 30 hours on this but freac for whatever reason the Sample Rate Converter (48000) doesn't fix the opus chapter times nor it's channel converter to mono. It's gotta be a bug with it's signal processing. Videomass (frontend GUI for ffmpeg) does work. Now I can start producing some nice opus chaptered audiobooks from massive collections with confidence.

Converting mp3s to opus and errors messages such as

[mp3 @ 0x55fb83eaa680] Estimating duration from bitrate, this may be inaccurate
[mp3float @ 0x55fb83ef22c0] Header missing
Error while decoding stream #0:0: Invalid data found when processing input

are generally ok but other ones with bad header, etc. it's best to just delete and not use those damaged / corrupted mp3s. Otherwise your opus chaptered audiobook will not have correct chapter times.