SELECT employee_id, SUM(salary)
FROM salaries
WHERE salary > 1000
GROUP BY employee_id;

SELECT employee_id, SUM(salary)
FROM salaries
GROUP BY employee_id
HAVING SUM(salary) > 10000;

import java.util.List;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<String> names = List.of("Alice", "Bob", "Charlie");

        names.stream()
            .filter(name -> name.startsWith("A"))
            .peek(name -> System.out.println("Фильтруем: " + name)) // Логирование
            .map(String::toUpperCase)
            .forEach(System.out::println);
    }
}

Фильтруем: Alice
ALICE

import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.LinkedList;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Queue<String> queue = new LinkedList<>();
        queue.add("One");
        queue.add("Two");
        queue.add("Three");

        System.out.println(queue.peek()); // One (но не удаляется)
        System.out.println(queue);        // [One, Two, Three]
    }
}

import java.util.Stack;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Stack<Integer> stack = new Stack<>();
        stack.push(10);
        stack.push(20);
        stack.push(30);

        System.out.println(stack.peek()); // 30 (последний элемент)
        System.out.println(stack);        // [10, 20, 30] (всё ещё здесь)
    }
}

class MyThread extends Thread {
    @Override
    public void run() {
        System.out.println("Работает поток: " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyThread thread = new MyThread();
        thread.start(); // Запускаем новый поток

        System.out.println("Работает поток: " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }
}

Работает поток: main
Работает поток: Thread-0

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MyThread thread = new MyThread();
        thread.run(); // ❌ Ошибка! Работает в главном потоке

        System.out.println("Работает поток: " + Thread.currentThread().getName());
    }
}

Работает поток: main
Работает поток: main

@Component
public class MySingletonBean {
    public MySingletonBean() {
        System.out.println("Создан экземпляр MySingletonBean");
    }
}

AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context1 = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class);
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext context2 = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class);

MySingletonBean bean1 = context1.getBean(MySingletonBean.class);
MySingletonBean bean2 = context2.getBean(MySingletonBean.class);

System.out.println(bean1 == bean2); // false! Два разных объекта

@Configuration
public class AppConfig {

    @Bean
    public MySingletonBean firstSingleton() {
        return new MySingletonBean();
    }

    @Bean
    public MySingletonBean secondSingleton() {
        return new MySingletonBean();
    }
}

ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class);

MySingletonBean bean1 = context.getBean("firstSingleton", MySingletonBean.class);
MySingletonBean bean2 = context.getBean("secondSingleton", MySingletonBean.class);

System.out.println(bean1 == bean2); // false

@Component
@Scope("prototype")
public class MyBean {
    public MyBean() {
        System.out.println("Создан новый экземпляр MyBean");
    }
}

class Animal {
    public void sound() {
        System.out.println("Animal makes a sound");
    }
}

class Dog extends Animal {
    @Override
    public void sound() {
        System.out.println("Dog barks");
    }
}

class Cat extends Animal {
    @Override
    public void sound() {
        System.out.println("Cat meows");
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Animal myDog = new Dog();  // Полиморфизм
        Animal myCat = new Cat();  // Полиморфизм

        myDog.sound();  // Вывод: Dog barks
        myCat.sound();  // Вывод: Cat meows
    }
}

interface Shape {
    void draw();
}

class Circle implements Shape {
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Drawing a Circle");
    }
}

class Rectangle implements Shape {
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Drawing a Rectangle");
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Shape shape1 = new Circle();    // Полиморфизм
        Shape shape2 = new Rectangle(); // Полиморфизм

        shape1.draw();  // Вывод: Drawing a Circle
        shape2.draw();  // Вывод: Drawing a Rectangle
    }
}

class Animal {
    public void sound() {
        System.out.println("Some generic animal sound");
    }
}

class Dog extends Animal {
    @Override
    public void sound() {
        System.out.println("Woof Woof");
    }
}

class Cat extends Animal {
    @Override
    public void sound() {
        System.out.println("Meow");
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Animal[] animals = {new Dog(), new Cat(), new Animal()};

        for (Animal animal : animals) {
            animal.sound();  // Полиморфный вызов
        }
    }
}

Woof Woof
Meow
Some generic animal sound

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class Car {
    public void drive() {
        System.out.println("Машина едет...");
    }
}

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext;

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class);
        Car car = context.getBean(Car.class);
        car.drive();
    }
}

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class AppConfig {
    @Bean
    public Car car() {
        return new Car(); // Создаём объект вручную
    }
}

ApplicationContext context = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(AppConfig.class);
Car car = context.getBean(Car.class);

CREATE INDEX idx_user_name ON users(name);

SELECT * FROM users;

SELECT id, name FROM users;

EXPLAIN SELECT * FROM users WHERE name = 'Ivan';

SELECT * FROM users ORDER BY id LIMIT 10;

CREATE INDEX idx_orders_user_id ON orders(user_id);

SET GLOBAL query_cache_size = 1000000;

int[] numbers = new int[5]; // Размер 5, изменить нельзя!

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class DynamicArrayExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Integer> list = new ArrayList<>();
        
        list.add(1);
        list.add(2);
        list.add(3);
        
        System.out.println(list); // [1, 2, 3]
    }
}

class Person {
    String name;

    Person(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object obj) {
        if (obj instanceof String) {  // ❌ Сравниваем с String (ошибка)
            return this.name.equals(obj);
        }
        return false;
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Person p = new Person("Alice");

        System.out.println(p.equals("Alice")); // true
        System.out.println("Alice".equals(p)); // false ❌ (нарушена симметричность)
    }
}

@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
    if (this == obj) return true;
    if (obj == null || getClass() != obj.getClass()) return false;
    Person person = (Person) obj;
    return name.equals(person.name);
}