©How fresher can get a job as a data scientist?©
Job market is highly resistant to hire data scientist as a fresher. Everyone out there asks for at least 2 years of experience, but then the question is where will we get the two years experience from?
The important thing here to build a portfolio. As you are a fresher I would assume you had learnt data science through online courses. They only teach you the basics, the analytical skills required to clean the data and apply machine learning algorithms to them comes only from practice.
Do some real-world data science projects, participate in Kaggle competition. kaggle provides data sets for practice as well. Whatever projects you do, create a GitHub repository for it. Place all your projects there so when a recruiter is looking at your profile they know you have hands-on practice and do know the basics. This will take you a long way.
All the major data science jobs for freshers will only be available through off-campus interviews.
Some companies that hires data scientists are:
Siemens
Accenture
IBM
Cerner
Creating a technical portfolio will showcase the knowledge you have already gained and that is essential while you got out there as a fresher and try to find a data scientist job.
Job market is highly resistant to hire data scientist as a fresher. Everyone out there asks for at least 2 years of experience, but then the question is where will we get the two years experience from?
The important thing here to build a portfolio. As you are a fresher I would assume you had learnt data science through online courses. They only teach you the basics, the analytical skills required to clean the data and apply machine learning algorithms to them comes only from practice.
Do some real-world data science projects, participate in Kaggle competition. kaggle provides data sets for practice as well. Whatever projects you do, create a GitHub repository for it. Place all your projects there so when a recruiter is looking at your profile they know you have hands-on practice and do know the basics. This will take you a long way.
All the major data science jobs for freshers will only be available through off-campus interviews.
Some companies that hires data scientists are:
Siemens
Accenture
IBM
Cerner
Creating a technical portfolio will showcase the knowledge you have already gained and that is essential while you got out there as a fresher and try to find a data scientist job.
❤6
If you want to Excel in Data Science and become an expert, master these essential concepts:
Core Data Science Skills:
• Python for Data Science – Pandas, NumPy, Matplotlib, Seaborn
• SQL for Data Extraction – SELECT, JOIN, GROUP BY, CTEs, Window Functions
• Data Cleaning & Preprocessing – Handling missing data, outliers, duplicates
• Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) – Visualizing data trends
Machine Learning (ML):
• Supervised Learning – Linear Regression, Decision Trees, Random Forest
• Unsupervised Learning – Clustering, PCA, Anomaly Detection
• Model Evaluation – Cross-validation, Confusion Matrix, ROC-AUC
• Hyperparameter Tuning – Grid Search, Random Search
Deep Learning (DL):
• Neural Networks – TensorFlow, PyTorch, Keras
• CNNs & RNNs – Image & sequential data processing
• Transformers & LLMs – GPT, BERT, Stable Diffusion
Big Data & Cloud Computing:
• Hadoop & Spark – Handling large datasets
• AWS, GCP, Azure – Cloud-based data science solutions
• MLOps – Deploy models using Flask, FastAPI, Docker
Statistics & Mathematics for Data Science:
• Probability & Hypothesis Testing – P-values, T-tests, Chi-square
• Linear Algebra & Calculus – Matrices, Vectors, Derivatives
• Time Series Analysis – ARIMA, Prophet, LSTMs
Real-World Applications:
• Recommendation Systems – Personalized AI suggestions
• NLP (Natural Language Processing) – Sentiment Analysis, Chatbots
• AI-Powered Business Insights – Data-driven decision-making
React ❤️ for more
Core Data Science Skills:
• Python for Data Science – Pandas, NumPy, Matplotlib, Seaborn
• SQL for Data Extraction – SELECT, JOIN, GROUP BY, CTEs, Window Functions
• Data Cleaning & Preprocessing – Handling missing data, outliers, duplicates
• Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA) – Visualizing data trends
Machine Learning (ML):
• Supervised Learning – Linear Regression, Decision Trees, Random Forest
• Unsupervised Learning – Clustering, PCA, Anomaly Detection
• Model Evaluation – Cross-validation, Confusion Matrix, ROC-AUC
• Hyperparameter Tuning – Grid Search, Random Search
Deep Learning (DL):
• Neural Networks – TensorFlow, PyTorch, Keras
• CNNs & RNNs – Image & sequential data processing
• Transformers & LLMs – GPT, BERT, Stable Diffusion
Big Data & Cloud Computing:
• Hadoop & Spark – Handling large datasets
• AWS, GCP, Azure – Cloud-based data science solutions
• MLOps – Deploy models using Flask, FastAPI, Docker
Statistics & Mathematics for Data Science:
• Probability & Hypothesis Testing – P-values, T-tests, Chi-square
• Linear Algebra & Calculus – Matrices, Vectors, Derivatives
• Time Series Analysis – ARIMA, Prophet, LSTMs
Real-World Applications:
• Recommendation Systems – Personalized AI suggestions
• NLP (Natural Language Processing) – Sentiment Analysis, Chatbots
• AI-Powered Business Insights – Data-driven decision-making
React ❤️ for more
❤7
📌 Roadmap to Master Machine Learning in 6 Steps
Whether you're just starting or looking to go pro in ML, this roadmap will keep you on track:
1️⃣ Learn the Fundamentals
Build a math foundation (algebra, calculus, stats) + Python + libraries like NumPy & Pandas
2️⃣ Learn Essential ML Concepts
Start with supervised learning (regression, classification), then unsupervised learning (K-Means, PCA)
3️⃣ Understand Data Handling
Clean, transform, and visualize data effectively using summary stats & feature engineering
4️⃣ Explore Advanced Techniques
Delve into ensemble methods, CNNs, deep learning, and NLP fundamentals
5️⃣ Learn Model Deployment
Use Flask, FastAPI, and cloud platforms (AWS, GCP) for scalable deployment
6️⃣ Build Projects & Network
Participate in Kaggle, create portfolio projects, and connect with the ML community
React ❤️ for more
Whether you're just starting or looking to go pro in ML, this roadmap will keep you on track:
1️⃣ Learn the Fundamentals
Build a math foundation (algebra, calculus, stats) + Python + libraries like NumPy & Pandas
2️⃣ Learn Essential ML Concepts
Start with supervised learning (regression, classification), then unsupervised learning (K-Means, PCA)
3️⃣ Understand Data Handling
Clean, transform, and visualize data effectively using summary stats & feature engineering
4️⃣ Explore Advanced Techniques
Delve into ensemble methods, CNNs, deep learning, and NLP fundamentals
5️⃣ Learn Model Deployment
Use Flask, FastAPI, and cloud platforms (AWS, GCP) for scalable deployment
6️⃣ Build Projects & Network
Participate in Kaggle, create portfolio projects, and connect with the ML community
React ❤️ for more
❤6
If you're serious about getting into Data Science with Python, follow this 5-step roadmap.
Each phase builds on the previous one, so don’t rush.
Take your time, build projects, and keep moving forward.
Step 1: Python Fundamentals
Before anything else, get your hands dirty with core Python.
This is the language that powers everything else.
✅ What to learn:
type(), int(), float(), str(), list(), dict()
if, elif, else, for, while, range()
def, return, function arguments
List comprehensions: [x for x in list if condition]
– Mini Checkpoint:
Build a mini console-based data calculator (inputs, basic operations, conditionals, loops).
Step 2: Data Cleaning with Pandas
Pandas is the tool you'll use to clean, reshape, and explore data in real-world scenarios.
✅ What to learn:
Cleaning: df.dropna(), df.fillna(), df.replace(), df.drop_duplicates()
Merging & reshaping: pd.merge(), df.pivot(), df.melt()
Grouping & aggregation: df.groupby(), df.agg()
– Mini Checkpoint:
Build a data cleaning script for a messy CSV file. Add comments to explain every step.
Step 3: Data Visualization with Matplotlib
Nobody wants raw tables.
Learn to tell stories through charts.
✅ What to learn:
Basic charts: plt.plot(), plt.scatter()
Advanced plots: plt.hist(), plt.kde(), plt.boxplot()
Subplots & customizations: plt.subplots(), fig.add_subplot(), plt.title(), plt.legend(), plt.xlabel()
– Mini Checkpoint:
Create a dashboard-style notebook visualizing a dataset, include at least 4 types of plots.
Step 4: Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA)
This is where your analytical skills kick in.
You’ll draw insights, detect trends, and prepare for modeling.
✅ What to learn:
Descriptive stats: df.mean(), df.median(), df.mode(), df.std(), df.var(), df.min(), df.max(), df.quantile()
Correlation analysis: df.corr(), plt.imshow(), scipy.stats.pearsonr()
— Mini Checkpoint:
Write an EDA report (Markdown or PDF) based on your findings from a public dataset.
Step 5: Intro to Machine Learning with Scikit-Learn
Now that your data skills are sharp, it's time to model and predict.
✅ What to learn:
Training & evaluation: train_test_split(), .fit(), .predict(), cross_val_score()
Regression: LinearRegression(), mean_squared_error(), r2_score()
Classification: LogisticRegression(), accuracy_score(), confusion_matrix()
Clustering: KMeans(), silhouette_score()
– Final Checkpoint:
Build your first ML project end-to-end
✅ Load data
✅ Clean it
✅ Visualize it
✅ Run EDA
✅ Train & test a model
✅ Share the project with visuals and explanations on GitHub
Don’t just complete tutorialsm create things.
Explain your work.
Build your GitHub.
Write a blog.
That’s how you go from “learning” to “landing a job
Best Data Science & Machine Learning Resources: https://topmate.io/coding/914624
All the best 👍👍
Each phase builds on the previous one, so don’t rush.
Take your time, build projects, and keep moving forward.
Step 1: Python Fundamentals
Before anything else, get your hands dirty with core Python.
This is the language that powers everything else.
✅ What to learn:
type(), int(), float(), str(), list(), dict()
if, elif, else, for, while, range()
def, return, function arguments
List comprehensions: [x for x in list if condition]
– Mini Checkpoint:
Build a mini console-based data calculator (inputs, basic operations, conditionals, loops).
Step 2: Data Cleaning with Pandas
Pandas is the tool you'll use to clean, reshape, and explore data in real-world scenarios.
✅ What to learn:
Cleaning: df.dropna(), df.fillna(), df.replace(), df.drop_duplicates()
Merging & reshaping: pd.merge(), df.pivot(), df.melt()
Grouping & aggregation: df.groupby(), df.agg()
– Mini Checkpoint:
Build a data cleaning script for a messy CSV file. Add comments to explain every step.
Step 3: Data Visualization with Matplotlib
Nobody wants raw tables.
Learn to tell stories through charts.
✅ What to learn:
Basic charts: plt.plot(), plt.scatter()
Advanced plots: plt.hist(), plt.kde(), plt.boxplot()
Subplots & customizations: plt.subplots(), fig.add_subplot(), plt.title(), plt.legend(), plt.xlabel()
– Mini Checkpoint:
Create a dashboard-style notebook visualizing a dataset, include at least 4 types of plots.
Step 4: Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA)
This is where your analytical skills kick in.
You’ll draw insights, detect trends, and prepare for modeling.
✅ What to learn:
Descriptive stats: df.mean(), df.median(), df.mode(), df.std(), df.var(), df.min(), df.max(), df.quantile()
Correlation analysis: df.corr(), plt.imshow(), scipy.stats.pearsonr()
— Mini Checkpoint:
Write an EDA report (Markdown or PDF) based on your findings from a public dataset.
Step 5: Intro to Machine Learning with Scikit-Learn
Now that your data skills are sharp, it's time to model and predict.
✅ What to learn:
Training & evaluation: train_test_split(), .fit(), .predict(), cross_val_score()
Regression: LinearRegression(), mean_squared_error(), r2_score()
Classification: LogisticRegression(), accuracy_score(), confusion_matrix()
Clustering: KMeans(), silhouette_score()
– Final Checkpoint:
Build your first ML project end-to-end
✅ Load data
✅ Clean it
✅ Visualize it
✅ Run EDA
✅ Train & test a model
✅ Share the project with visuals and explanations on GitHub
Don’t just complete tutorialsm create things.
Explain your work.
Build your GitHub.
Write a blog.
That’s how you go from “learning” to “landing a job
Best Data Science & Machine Learning Resources: https://topmate.io/coding/914624
All the best 👍👍
👍3❤2
What is the difference between data scientist, data engineer, data analyst and business intelligence?
🧑🔬 Data Scientist
Focus: Using data to build models, make predictions, and solve complex problems.
Cleans and analyzes data
Builds machine learning models
Answers “Why is this happening?” and “What will happen next?”
Works with statistics, algorithms, and coding (Python, R)
Example: Predict which customers are likely to cancel next month
🛠️ Data Engineer
Focus: Building and maintaining the systems that move and store data.
Designs and builds data pipelines (ETL/ELT)
Manages databases, data lakes, and warehouses
Ensures data is clean, reliable, and ready for others to use
Uses tools like SQL, Airflow, Spark, and cloud platforms (AWS, Azure, GCP)
Example: Create a system that collects app data every hour and stores it in a warehouse
📊 Data Analyst
Focus: Exploring data and finding insights to answer business questions.
Pulls and visualizes data (dashboards, reports)
Answers “What happened?” or “What’s going on right now?”
Works with SQL, Excel, and tools like Tableau or Power BI
Less coding and modeling than a data scientist
Example: Analyze monthly sales and show trends by region
📈 Business Intelligence (BI) Professional
Focus: Helping teams and leadership understand data through reports and dashboards.
Designs dashboards and KPIs (key performance indicators)
Translates data into stories for non-technical users
Often overlaps with data analyst role but more focused on reporting
Tools: Power BI, Looker, Tableau, Qlik
Example: Build a dashboard showing company performance by department
🧩 Summary Table
Data Scientist - What will happen? Tools: Python, R, ML tools, predictions & models
Data Engineer - How does the data move and get stored? Tools: SQL, Spark, cloud tools, infrastructure & pipelines
Data Analyst - What happened? Tools: SQL, Excel, BI tools, reports & exploration
BI Professional - How can we see business performance clearly? Tools: Power BI, Tableau, dashboards & insights for decision-makers
🎯 In short:
Data Engineers build the roads.
Data Scientists drive smart cars to predict traffic.
Data Analysts look at traffic data to see patterns.
BI Professionals show everyone the traffic report on a screen.
🧑🔬 Data Scientist
Focus: Using data to build models, make predictions, and solve complex problems.
Cleans and analyzes data
Builds machine learning models
Answers “Why is this happening?” and “What will happen next?”
Works with statistics, algorithms, and coding (Python, R)
Example: Predict which customers are likely to cancel next month
🛠️ Data Engineer
Focus: Building and maintaining the systems that move and store data.
Designs and builds data pipelines (ETL/ELT)
Manages databases, data lakes, and warehouses
Ensures data is clean, reliable, and ready for others to use
Uses tools like SQL, Airflow, Spark, and cloud platforms (AWS, Azure, GCP)
Example: Create a system that collects app data every hour and stores it in a warehouse
📊 Data Analyst
Focus: Exploring data and finding insights to answer business questions.
Pulls and visualizes data (dashboards, reports)
Answers “What happened?” or “What’s going on right now?”
Works with SQL, Excel, and tools like Tableau or Power BI
Less coding and modeling than a data scientist
Example: Analyze monthly sales and show trends by region
📈 Business Intelligence (BI) Professional
Focus: Helping teams and leadership understand data through reports and dashboards.
Designs dashboards and KPIs (key performance indicators)
Translates data into stories for non-technical users
Often overlaps with data analyst role but more focused on reporting
Tools: Power BI, Looker, Tableau, Qlik
Example: Build a dashboard showing company performance by department
🧩 Summary Table
Data Scientist - What will happen? Tools: Python, R, ML tools, predictions & models
Data Engineer - How does the data move and get stored? Tools: SQL, Spark, cloud tools, infrastructure & pipelines
Data Analyst - What happened? Tools: SQL, Excel, BI tools, reports & exploration
BI Professional - How can we see business performance clearly? Tools: Power BI, Tableau, dashboards & insights for decision-makers
🎯 In short:
Data Engineers build the roads.
Data Scientists drive smart cars to predict traffic.
Data Analysts look at traffic data to see patterns.
BI Professionals show everyone the traffic report on a screen.
❤5👍1
Data Analytics isn't rocket science. It's just a different language.
Here's a beginner's guide to the world of data analytics:
1) Understand the fundamentals:
- Mathematics
- Statistics
- Technology
2) Learn the tools:
- SQL
- Python
- Excel (yes, it's still relevant!)
3) Understand the data:
- What do you want to measure?
- How are you measuring it?
- What metrics are important to you?
4) Data Visualization:
- A picture is worth a thousand words
5) Practice:
- There's no better way to learn than to do it yourself.
Data Analytics is a valuable skill that can help you make better decisions, understand your audience better, and ultimately grow your business.
It's never too late to start learning!
Here's a beginner's guide to the world of data analytics:
1) Understand the fundamentals:
- Mathematics
- Statistics
- Technology
2) Learn the tools:
- SQL
- Python
- Excel (yes, it's still relevant!)
3) Understand the data:
- What do you want to measure?
- How are you measuring it?
- What metrics are important to you?
4) Data Visualization:
- A picture is worth a thousand words
5) Practice:
- There's no better way to learn than to do it yourself.
Data Analytics is a valuable skill that can help you make better decisions, understand your audience better, and ultimately grow your business.
It's never too late to start learning!
❤11
🔍 Machine Learning Cheat Sheet 🔍
1. Key Concepts:
- Supervised Learning: Learn from labeled data (e.g., classification, regression).
- Unsupervised Learning: Discover patterns in unlabeled data (e.g., clustering, dimensionality reduction).
- Reinforcement Learning: Learn by interacting with an environment to maximize reward.
2. Common Algorithms:
- Linear Regression: Predict continuous values.
- Logistic Regression: Binary classification.
- Decision Trees: Simple, interpretable model for classification and regression.
- Random Forests: Ensemble method for improved accuracy.
- Support Vector Machines: Effective for high-dimensional spaces.
- K-Nearest Neighbors: Instance-based learning for classification/regression.
- K-Means: Clustering algorithm.
- Principal Component Analysis(PCA)
3. Performance Metrics:
- Classification: Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1-Score, ROC-AUC.
- Regression: Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), R^2 Score.
4. Data Preprocessing:
- Normalization: Scale features to a standard range.
- Standardization: Transform features to have zero mean and unit variance.
- Imputation: Handle missing data.
- Encoding: Convert categorical data into numerical format.
5. Model Evaluation:
- Cross-Validation: Ensure model generalization.
- Train-Test Split: Divide data to evaluate model performance.
6. Libraries:
- Python: Scikit-Learn, TensorFlow, Keras, PyTorch, Pandas, Numpy, Matplotlib.
- R: caret, randomForest, e1071, ggplot2.
7. Tips for Success:
- Feature Engineering: Enhance data quality and relevance.
- Hyperparameter Tuning: Optimize model parameters (Grid Search, Random Search).
- Model Interpretability: Use tools like SHAP and LIME.
- Continuous Learning: Stay updated with the latest research and trends.
Best Data Science & Machine Learning Resources: https://topmate.io/coding/914624
All the best 👍👍
1. Key Concepts:
- Supervised Learning: Learn from labeled data (e.g., classification, regression).
- Unsupervised Learning: Discover patterns in unlabeled data (e.g., clustering, dimensionality reduction).
- Reinforcement Learning: Learn by interacting with an environment to maximize reward.
2. Common Algorithms:
- Linear Regression: Predict continuous values.
- Logistic Regression: Binary classification.
- Decision Trees: Simple, interpretable model for classification and regression.
- Random Forests: Ensemble method for improved accuracy.
- Support Vector Machines: Effective for high-dimensional spaces.
- K-Nearest Neighbors: Instance-based learning for classification/regression.
- K-Means: Clustering algorithm.
- Principal Component Analysis(PCA)
3. Performance Metrics:
- Classification: Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1-Score, ROC-AUC.
- Regression: Mean Absolute Error (MAE), Mean Squared Error (MSE), R^2 Score.
4. Data Preprocessing:
- Normalization: Scale features to a standard range.
- Standardization: Transform features to have zero mean and unit variance.
- Imputation: Handle missing data.
- Encoding: Convert categorical data into numerical format.
5. Model Evaluation:
- Cross-Validation: Ensure model generalization.
- Train-Test Split: Divide data to evaluate model performance.
6. Libraries:
- Python: Scikit-Learn, TensorFlow, Keras, PyTorch, Pandas, Numpy, Matplotlib.
- R: caret, randomForest, e1071, ggplot2.
7. Tips for Success:
- Feature Engineering: Enhance data quality and relevance.
- Hyperparameter Tuning: Optimize model parameters (Grid Search, Random Search).
- Model Interpretability: Use tools like SHAP and LIME.
- Continuous Learning: Stay updated with the latest research and trends.
Best Data Science & Machine Learning Resources: https://topmate.io/coding/914624
All the best 👍👍
❤10👏2
Here are some essential data science concepts from A to Z:
A - Algorithm: A set of rules or instructions used to solve a problem or perform a task in data science.
B - Big Data: Large and complex datasets that cannot be easily processed using traditional data processing applications.
C - Clustering: A technique used to group similar data points together based on certain characteristics.
D - Data Cleaning: The process of identifying and correcting errors or inconsistencies in a dataset.
E - Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA): The process of analyzing and visualizing data to understand its underlying patterns and relationships.
F - Feature Engineering: The process of creating new features or variables from existing data to improve model performance.
G - Gradient Descent: An optimization algorithm used to minimize the error of a model by adjusting its parameters.
H - Hypothesis Testing: A statistical technique used to test the validity of a hypothesis or claim based on sample data.
I - Imputation: The process of filling in missing values in a dataset using statistical methods.
J - Joint Probability: The probability of two or more events occurring together.
K - K-Means Clustering: A popular clustering algorithm that partitions data into K clusters based on similarity.
L - Linear Regression: A statistical method used to model the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables.
M - Machine Learning: A subset of artificial intelligence that uses algorithms to learn patterns and make predictions from data.
N - Normal Distribution: A symmetrical bell-shaped distribution that is commonly used in statistical analysis.
O - Outlier Detection: The process of identifying and removing data points that are significantly different from the rest of the dataset.
P - Precision and Recall: Evaluation metrics used to assess the performance of classification models.
Q - Quantitative Analysis: The process of analyzing numerical data to draw conclusions and make decisions.
R - Random Forest: An ensemble learning algorithm that builds multiple decision trees to improve prediction accuracy.
S - Support Vector Machine (SVM): A supervised learning algorithm used for classification and regression tasks.
T - Time Series Analysis: A statistical technique used to analyze and forecast time-dependent data.
U - Unsupervised Learning: A type of machine learning where the model learns patterns and relationships in data without labeled outputs.
V - Validation Set: A subset of data used to evaluate the performance of a model during training.
W - Web Scraping: The process of extracting data from websites for analysis and visualization.
X - XGBoost: An optimized gradient boosting algorithm that is widely used in machine learning competitions.
Y - Yield Curve Analysis: The study of the relationship between interest rates and the maturity of fixed-income securities.
Z - Z-Score: A standardized score that represents the number of standard deviations a data point is from the mean.
Credits: https://t.iss.one/free4unow_backup
Like if you need similar content 😄👍
A - Algorithm: A set of rules or instructions used to solve a problem or perform a task in data science.
B - Big Data: Large and complex datasets that cannot be easily processed using traditional data processing applications.
C - Clustering: A technique used to group similar data points together based on certain characteristics.
D - Data Cleaning: The process of identifying and correcting errors or inconsistencies in a dataset.
E - Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA): The process of analyzing and visualizing data to understand its underlying patterns and relationships.
F - Feature Engineering: The process of creating new features or variables from existing data to improve model performance.
G - Gradient Descent: An optimization algorithm used to minimize the error of a model by adjusting its parameters.
H - Hypothesis Testing: A statistical technique used to test the validity of a hypothesis or claim based on sample data.
I - Imputation: The process of filling in missing values in a dataset using statistical methods.
J - Joint Probability: The probability of two or more events occurring together.
K - K-Means Clustering: A popular clustering algorithm that partitions data into K clusters based on similarity.
L - Linear Regression: A statistical method used to model the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables.
M - Machine Learning: A subset of artificial intelligence that uses algorithms to learn patterns and make predictions from data.
N - Normal Distribution: A symmetrical bell-shaped distribution that is commonly used in statistical analysis.
O - Outlier Detection: The process of identifying and removing data points that are significantly different from the rest of the dataset.
P - Precision and Recall: Evaluation metrics used to assess the performance of classification models.
Q - Quantitative Analysis: The process of analyzing numerical data to draw conclusions and make decisions.
R - Random Forest: An ensemble learning algorithm that builds multiple decision trees to improve prediction accuracy.
S - Support Vector Machine (SVM): A supervised learning algorithm used for classification and regression tasks.
T - Time Series Analysis: A statistical technique used to analyze and forecast time-dependent data.
U - Unsupervised Learning: A type of machine learning where the model learns patterns and relationships in data without labeled outputs.
V - Validation Set: A subset of data used to evaluate the performance of a model during training.
W - Web Scraping: The process of extracting data from websites for analysis and visualization.
X - XGBoost: An optimized gradient boosting algorithm that is widely used in machine learning competitions.
Y - Yield Curve Analysis: The study of the relationship between interest rates and the maturity of fixed-income securities.
Z - Z-Score: A standardized score that represents the number of standard deviations a data point is from the mean.
Credits: https://t.iss.one/free4unow_backup
Like if you need similar content 😄👍
❤8
WhatsApp is no longer a platform just for chat.
It's an educational goldmine.
If you do, you’re sleeping on a goldmine of knowledge and community. WhatsApp channels are a great way to practice data science, make your own community, and find accountability partners.
I have curated the list of best WhatsApp channels to learn coding & data science for FREE
Free Courses with Certificate
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Vamhzk5JENy1Zg9KmO2g
Jobs & Internship Opportunities
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaI5CV93AzNUiZ5Tt226
Python Free Books & Projects
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L
Java Free Resources
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VamdH5mHAdNMHMSBwg1s
Coding Interviews
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VammZijATRSlLxywEC3X
SQL For Data Analysis
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VanC5rODzgT6TiTGoa1v
Power BI Resources
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Vai1xKf1dAvuk6s1v22c
Programming Free Resources
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VahiFZQ4o7qN54LTzB17
Data Science Projects
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va4QUHa6rsQjhITHK82y
Learn Data Science & Machine Learning
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va8v3eo1NCrQfGMseL2D
Coding Projects
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VamhFMt7j6fx4bYsX908
Excel for Data Analyst
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaifY548qIzv0u1AHz3i
ENJOY LEARNING 👍👍
It's an educational goldmine.
If you do, you’re sleeping on a goldmine of knowledge and community. WhatsApp channels are a great way to practice data science, make your own community, and find accountability partners.
I have curated the list of best WhatsApp channels to learn coding & data science for FREE
Free Courses with Certificate
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Vamhzk5JENy1Zg9KmO2g
Jobs & Internship Opportunities
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaI5CV93AzNUiZ5Tt226
Python Free Books & Projects
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaiM08SDuMRaGKd9Wv0L
Java Free Resources
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VamdH5mHAdNMHMSBwg1s
Coding Interviews
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VammZijATRSlLxywEC3X
SQL For Data Analysis
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VanC5rODzgT6TiTGoa1v
Power BI Resources
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Vai1xKf1dAvuk6s1v22c
Programming Free Resources
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VahiFZQ4o7qN54LTzB17
Data Science Projects
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va4QUHa6rsQjhITHK82y
Learn Data Science & Machine Learning
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Va8v3eo1NCrQfGMseL2D
Coding Projects
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VamhFMt7j6fx4bYsX908
Excel for Data Analyst
👇👇
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaifY548qIzv0u1AHz3i
ENJOY LEARNING 👍👍
❤7👍2
Core data science concepts you should know:
🔢 1. Statistics & Probability
Descriptive statistics: Mean, median, mode, standard deviation, variance
Inferential statistics: Hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, p-values, t-tests, ANOVA
Probability distributions: Normal, Binomial, Poisson, Uniform
Bayes' Theorem
Central Limit Theorem
📊 2. Data Wrangling & Cleaning
Handling missing values
Outlier detection and treatment
Data transformation (scaling, encoding, normalization)
Feature engineering
Dealing with imbalanced data
📈 3. Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA)
Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis
Correlation and covariance
Data visualization tools: Matplotlib, Seaborn, Plotly
Insights generation through visual storytelling
🤖 4. Machine Learning Fundamentals
Supervised Learning: Linear regression, logistic regression, decision trees, SVM, k-NN
Unsupervised Learning: K-means, hierarchical clustering, PCA
Model evaluation: Accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, ROC-AUC
Cross-validation and overfitting/underfitting
Bias-variance tradeoff
🧠 5. Deep Learning (Basics)
Neural networks: Perceptron, MLP
Activation functions (ReLU, Sigmoid, Tanh)
Backpropagation
Gradient descent and learning rate
CNNs and RNNs (intro level)
🗃️ 6. Data Structures & Algorithms (DSA)
Arrays, lists, dictionaries, sets
Sorting and searching algorithms
Time and space complexity (Big-O notation)
Common problems: string manipulation, matrix operations, recursion
💾 7. SQL & Databases
SELECT, WHERE, GROUP BY, HAVING
JOINS (inner, left, right, full)
Subqueries and CTEs
Window functions
Indexing and normalization
📦 8. Tools & Libraries
Python: pandas, NumPy, scikit-learn, TensorFlow, PyTorch
R: dplyr, ggplot2, caret
Jupyter Notebooks for experimentation
Git and GitHub for version control
🧪 9. A/B Testing & Experimentation
Control vs. treatment group
Hypothesis formulation
Significance level, p-value interpretation
Power analysis
🌐 10. Business Acumen & Storytelling
Translating data insights into business value
Crafting narratives with data
Building dashboards (Power BI, Tableau)
Knowing KPIs and business metrics
React ❤️ for more
🔢 1. Statistics & Probability
Descriptive statistics: Mean, median, mode, standard deviation, variance
Inferential statistics: Hypothesis testing, confidence intervals, p-values, t-tests, ANOVA
Probability distributions: Normal, Binomial, Poisson, Uniform
Bayes' Theorem
Central Limit Theorem
📊 2. Data Wrangling & Cleaning
Handling missing values
Outlier detection and treatment
Data transformation (scaling, encoding, normalization)
Feature engineering
Dealing with imbalanced data
📈 3. Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA)
Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis
Correlation and covariance
Data visualization tools: Matplotlib, Seaborn, Plotly
Insights generation through visual storytelling
🤖 4. Machine Learning Fundamentals
Supervised Learning: Linear regression, logistic regression, decision trees, SVM, k-NN
Unsupervised Learning: K-means, hierarchical clustering, PCA
Model evaluation: Accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, ROC-AUC
Cross-validation and overfitting/underfitting
Bias-variance tradeoff
🧠 5. Deep Learning (Basics)
Neural networks: Perceptron, MLP
Activation functions (ReLU, Sigmoid, Tanh)
Backpropagation
Gradient descent and learning rate
CNNs and RNNs (intro level)
🗃️ 6. Data Structures & Algorithms (DSA)
Arrays, lists, dictionaries, sets
Sorting and searching algorithms
Time and space complexity (Big-O notation)
Common problems: string manipulation, matrix operations, recursion
💾 7. SQL & Databases
SELECT, WHERE, GROUP BY, HAVING
JOINS (inner, left, right, full)
Subqueries and CTEs
Window functions
Indexing and normalization
📦 8. Tools & Libraries
Python: pandas, NumPy, scikit-learn, TensorFlow, PyTorch
R: dplyr, ggplot2, caret
Jupyter Notebooks for experimentation
Git and GitHub for version control
🧪 9. A/B Testing & Experimentation
Control vs. treatment group
Hypothesis formulation
Significance level, p-value interpretation
Power analysis
🌐 10. Business Acumen & Storytelling
Translating data insights into business value
Crafting narratives with data
Building dashboards (Power BI, Tableau)
Knowing KPIs and business metrics
React ❤️ for more
❤6👍2👏1
𝗟𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗻 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗦𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗙𝗥𝗘𝗘 (𝗡𝗼 𝗦𝘁𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴𝘀 𝗔𝘁𝘁𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗲𝗱)
𝗡𝗼 𝗳𝗮𝗻𝗰𝘆 𝗰𝗼𝘂𝗿𝘀𝗲𝘀, 𝗻𝗼 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀, 𝗷𝘂𝘀𝘁 𝗽𝘂𝗿𝗲 𝗹𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴.
𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲’𝘀 𝗵𝗼𝘄 𝘁𝗼 𝗯𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗲 𝗮 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗦𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝘀𝘁 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗙𝗥𝗘𝗘:
1️⃣ Python Programming for Data Science → Harvard’s CS50P
The best intro to Python for absolute beginners:
↬ Covers loops, data structures, and practical exercises.
↬ Designed to help you build foundational coding skills.
Link: https://cs50.harvard.edu/python/
https://t.iss.one/datasciencefun
2️⃣ Statistics & Probability → Khan Academy
Want to master probability, distributions, and hypothesis testing? This is where to start:
↬ Clear, beginner-friendly videos.
↬ Exercises to test your skills.
Link: https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Vat3Dc4KAwEcfFbNnZ3O
3️⃣ Linear Algebra for Data Science → 3Blue1Brown
↬ Learn about matrices, vectors, and transformations.
↬ Essential for machine learning models.
Link: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZHQObOWTQDMsr9KzVk3AjplI5PYPxkUr
4️⃣ SQL Basics → Mode Analytics
SQL is the backbone of data manipulation. This tutorial covers:
↬ Writing queries, joins, and filtering data.
↬ Real-world datasets to practice.
Link: https://mode.com/sql-tutorial
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VanC5rODzgT6TiTGoa1v
5️⃣ Data Visualization → freeCodeCamp
Learn to create stunning visualizations using Python libraries:
↬ Covers Matplotlib, Seaborn, and Plotly.
↬ Step-by-step projects included.
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JLzTJhC2DZg
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaxaFzoEQIaujB31SO34
6️⃣ Machine Learning Basics → Google’s Machine Learning Crash Course
An in-depth introduction to machine learning for beginners:
↬ Learn supervised and unsupervised learning.
↬ Hands-on coding with TensorFlow.
Link: https://developers.google.com/machine-learning/crash-course
7️⃣ Deep Learning → Fast.ai’s Free Course
Fast.ai makes deep learning easy and accessible:
↬ Build neural networks with PyTorch.
↬ Learn by coding real projects.
Link: https://course.fast.ai/
8️⃣ Data Science Projects → Kaggle
↬ Compete in challenges to practice your skills.
↬ Great way to build your portfolio.
Link: https://www.kaggle.com/
𝗡𝗼 𝗳𝗮𝗻𝗰𝘆 𝗰𝗼𝘂𝗿𝘀𝗲𝘀, 𝗻𝗼 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗱𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀, 𝗷𝘂𝘀𝘁 𝗽𝘂𝗿𝗲 𝗹𝗲𝗮𝗿𝗻𝗶𝗻𝗴.
𝗛𝗲𝗿𝗲’𝘀 𝗵𝗼𝘄 𝘁𝗼 𝗯𝗲𝗰𝗼𝗺𝗲 𝗮 𝗗𝗮𝘁𝗮 𝗦𝗰𝗶𝗲𝗻𝘁𝗶𝘀𝘁 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝗙𝗥𝗘𝗘:
1️⃣ Python Programming for Data Science → Harvard’s CS50P
The best intro to Python for absolute beginners:
↬ Covers loops, data structures, and practical exercises.
↬ Designed to help you build foundational coding skills.
Link: https://cs50.harvard.edu/python/
https://t.iss.one/datasciencefun
2️⃣ Statistics & Probability → Khan Academy
Want to master probability, distributions, and hypothesis testing? This is where to start:
↬ Clear, beginner-friendly videos.
↬ Exercises to test your skills.
Link: https://www.khanacademy.org/math/statistics-probability
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029Vat3Dc4KAwEcfFbNnZ3O
3️⃣ Linear Algebra for Data Science → 3Blue1Brown
↬ Learn about matrices, vectors, and transformations.
↬ Essential for machine learning models.
Link: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZHQObOWTQDMsr9KzVk3AjplI5PYPxkUr
4️⃣ SQL Basics → Mode Analytics
SQL is the backbone of data manipulation. This tutorial covers:
↬ Writing queries, joins, and filtering data.
↬ Real-world datasets to practice.
Link: https://mode.com/sql-tutorial
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VanC5rODzgT6TiTGoa1v
5️⃣ Data Visualization → freeCodeCamp
Learn to create stunning visualizations using Python libraries:
↬ Covers Matplotlib, Seaborn, and Plotly.
↬ Step-by-step projects included.
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JLzTJhC2DZg
https://whatsapp.com/channel/0029VaxaFzoEQIaujB31SO34
6️⃣ Machine Learning Basics → Google’s Machine Learning Crash Course
An in-depth introduction to machine learning for beginners:
↬ Learn supervised and unsupervised learning.
↬ Hands-on coding with TensorFlow.
Link: https://developers.google.com/machine-learning/crash-course
7️⃣ Deep Learning → Fast.ai’s Free Course
Fast.ai makes deep learning easy and accessible:
↬ Build neural networks with PyTorch.
↬ Learn by coding real projects.
Link: https://course.fast.ai/
8️⃣ Data Science Projects → Kaggle
↬ Compete in challenges to practice your skills.
↬ Great way to build your portfolio.
Link: https://www.kaggle.com/
❤4🤔2👍1🔥1