# Define a list of items
fruits = ['apple', 'banana', 'cherry', 'date']

# Use enumerate to iterate over the list with indices
for index, fruit in enumerate(fruits):
print(f"Index {index}: {fruit}")



Output:

Index 0: apple
Index 1: banana
Index 2: cherry
Index 3: date

class Person: def __init__(self, name):
self.name = name
# Create an instance of the Person class p = Person('Alice')
# Use setattr to dynamically set attribute values
setattr(p, 'age', 30)setattr(p, 'city', 'Tehran')
# Display the set attributes
print(f"Name: {p.name}")print(f"Age: {p.age}")
print(f"City: {p.city}")

Name: Alice
Age: 30
City: Tehran

class Animal:
def init(self, name):
self.name = name

def speak(self):
return "Some sound"
class Dog(Animal):
def init(self, name, breed):
super().init(name)
self.breed = breed

def speak(self):
return f"{self.name} says Woof!"
class Cat(Animal):
def init(self, name, color):
super().init(name)
self.color = color

def speak(self):
return f"{self.name} says Meow!"
# Create objects from Dog and Cat classes dog = Dog('Buddy', 'Golden Retriever')
cat = Cat('Whiskers', 'Gray')

# Calling speak methods print(dog.speak()) # خروجی: Buddy says Woof!
print(cat.speak()) # خروجی: Whiskers says Meow!

class MathOperations:
@staticmethod
def add(a, b):
return a + b


@staticmethod
def multiply(a, b):
return a * b

# Calling static methods without needing to create an instance of the class

result_add = MathOperations.add(5, 3)
result_multiply = MathOperations.multiply(4, 7)


print(f"Addition: {result_add}")
# Output: Addition: 8
print(f"Multiplication: {result_multiply}")
# Output: Multiplication: 28

class Person:
    population = 0

    def init(self, name):
        self.name = name
        Person.population += 1

    @classmethod
    def from_birth_year(cls, name, birth_year):
        age = 2024 - birth_year
        instance = cls(name)
        instance.age = age
        return instance

    @classmethod
    def get_population(cls):
        return cls.population

# Create objects using the default constructor
person1 = Person('Alice')
# Create an object using the alternative constructor
person2 = Person.from_birth_year('Bob', 1990)

# Display information
print(f"Name: {person1.name}")
print(f"Name: {person2.name}, Age: {person2.age}")

# Display population count
print(f"Population: {Person.get_population()}")

Name: Alice
Name: Bob, Age: 34
Population: 2