Machine learning Models.pdf
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Essentials for Acing any Data Analytics Interviews-
SQL:
1. Beginner
- Fundamentals: SELECT, WHERE, ORDER BY, GROUP BY, HAVING
- Essential JOINS: INNER, LEFT, RIGHT, FULL
- Basics of database and table creation
2. Intermediate
- Aggregate functions: COUNT, SUM, AVG, MAX, MIN
- Subqueries and nested queries
- Common Table Expressions with the WITH clause
- Conditional logic in queries using CASE statements
3. Advanced
- Complex JOIN techniques: self-join, non-equi join
- Window functions: OVER, PARTITION BY, ROW_NUMBER, RANK, DENSE_RANK, lead, lag
- Query optimization through indexing
- Manipulating data: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
Python:
1. Basics
- Understanding syntax, variables, and data types: integers, floats, strings, booleans
- Control structures: if-else, loops (for, while)
- Core data structures: lists, dictionaries, sets, tuples
- Functions and error handling: lambda functions, try-except
- Using modules and packages
2. Pandas & Numpy
- DataFrames and Series: creation and manipulation
- Techniques: indexing, selecting, filtering
- Handling missing data with fillna and dropna
- Data aggregation: groupby, data summarizing
- Data merging techniques: merge, join, concatenate
3. Visualization
- Plotting basics with Matplotlib: line plots, bar plots, histograms
- Advanced visualization with Seaborn: scatter plots, box plots, pair plots
- Plot customization: sizes, labels, legends, colors
- Introduction to interactive visualizations with Plotly
Excel:
1. Basics
- Cell operations and basic formulas: SUMIFS, COUNTIFS, AVERAGEIFS
- Charts and introductory data visualization
- Data sorting and filtering, Conditional formatting
2. Intermediate
- Advanced formulas: V/XLOOKUP, INDEX-MATCH, complex IF scenarios
- Summarizing data with PivotTables and PivotCharts
- Tools for data validation and what-if analysis: Data Tables, Goal Seek
3. Advanced
- Utilizing array formulas and sophisticated functions
- Building a Data Model & using Power Pivot
- Advanced filtering, Slicers and Timelines in Pivot Tables
- Crafting dynamic charts and interactive dashboards
Power BI:
1. Data Modeling
- Importing data from diverse sources
- Creating and managing dataset relationships
- Data modeling essentials: star schema, snowflake schema
2. Data Transformation
- Data cleaning and transformation with Power Query
- Advanced data shaping techniques
- Implementing calculated columns and measures with DAX
3. Data Visualization and Reporting
- Developing interactive reports and dashboards
- Visualization types: bar, line, pie charts, maps
- Report publishing and sharing, scheduling data refreshes
Statistics:
Mean, Median, Mode, Standard Deviation, Variance, Probability Distributions, Hypothesis Testing, P-values, Confidence Intervals, Correlation, Simple Linear Regression, Normal Distribution, Binomial Distribution, Poisson Distribution
SQL:
1. Beginner
- Fundamentals: SELECT, WHERE, ORDER BY, GROUP BY, HAVING
- Essential JOINS: INNER, LEFT, RIGHT, FULL
- Basics of database and table creation
2. Intermediate
- Aggregate functions: COUNT, SUM, AVG, MAX, MIN
- Subqueries and nested queries
- Common Table Expressions with the WITH clause
- Conditional logic in queries using CASE statements
3. Advanced
- Complex JOIN techniques: self-join, non-equi join
- Window functions: OVER, PARTITION BY, ROW_NUMBER, RANK, DENSE_RANK, lead, lag
- Query optimization through indexing
- Manipulating data: INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE
Python:
1. Basics
- Understanding syntax, variables, and data types: integers, floats, strings, booleans
- Control structures: if-else, loops (for, while)
- Core data structures: lists, dictionaries, sets, tuples
- Functions and error handling: lambda functions, try-except
- Using modules and packages
2. Pandas & Numpy
- DataFrames and Series: creation and manipulation
- Techniques: indexing, selecting, filtering
- Handling missing data with fillna and dropna
- Data aggregation: groupby, data summarizing
- Data merging techniques: merge, join, concatenate
3. Visualization
- Plotting basics with Matplotlib: line plots, bar plots, histograms
- Advanced visualization with Seaborn: scatter plots, box plots, pair plots
- Plot customization: sizes, labels, legends, colors
- Introduction to interactive visualizations with Plotly
Excel:
1. Basics
- Cell operations and basic formulas: SUMIFS, COUNTIFS, AVERAGEIFS
- Charts and introductory data visualization
- Data sorting and filtering, Conditional formatting
2. Intermediate
- Advanced formulas: V/XLOOKUP, INDEX-MATCH, complex IF scenarios
- Summarizing data with PivotTables and PivotCharts
- Tools for data validation and what-if analysis: Data Tables, Goal Seek
3. Advanced
- Utilizing array formulas and sophisticated functions
- Building a Data Model & using Power Pivot
- Advanced filtering, Slicers and Timelines in Pivot Tables
- Crafting dynamic charts and interactive dashboards
Power BI:
1. Data Modeling
- Importing data from diverse sources
- Creating and managing dataset relationships
- Data modeling essentials: star schema, snowflake schema
2. Data Transformation
- Data cleaning and transformation with Power Query
- Advanced data shaping techniques
- Implementing calculated columns and measures with DAX
3. Data Visualization and Reporting
- Developing interactive reports and dashboards
- Visualization types: bar, line, pie charts, maps
- Report publishing and sharing, scheduling data refreshes
Statistics:
Mean, Median, Mode, Standard Deviation, Variance, Probability Distributions, Hypothesis Testing, P-values, Confidence Intervals, Correlation, Simple Linear Regression, Normal Distribution, Binomial Distribution, Poisson Distribution
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Channels that you MUST follow in 2024:
โ @getjobss - Jobs and Internship Opportunities
โ @englishlearnerspro - improve your English
โ @datasciencefun - Learn Data Science and Machibe Learning
โ @crackingthecodinginterview - boost your coding knowledge
โ @sqlspecialist - Data Analysts Community
โ @programming_guide - Coding Books
โ @udemy_free_courses_with_certi - Free Udemy Courses with Certificate
โ @getjobss - Jobs and Internship Opportunities
โ @englishlearnerspro - improve your English
โ @datasciencefun - Learn Data Science and Machibe Learning
โ @crackingthecodinginterview - boost your coding knowledge
โ @sqlspecialist - Data Analysts Community
โ @programming_guide - Coding Books
โ @udemy_free_courses_with_certi - Free Udemy Courses with Certificate
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Screenshot_13.png
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๐๐ฌ๐ข๐ง๐ ๐๐ข๐ -๐ ๐ข๐ง ๐๐ง๐ญ๐๐ซ๐ฏ๐ข๐๐ฐ๐ฌ ๐๐ง๐ ๐๐ฏ๐๐ซ๐ฒ๐๐๐ฒ ๐๐ข๐๐.
Big-O notation is a mathematical notation that is used to describe the performance or complexity of an algorithm, specifically how long an algorithm takes to run as the input size grows.
Understanding Big-O notation is essential for software engineers, as it allows them to analyze and compare the efficiency of different algorithms and make informed decisions about which one to use in a given situation.
Here are famous Big-O notations with examples.
Big-O notation is a mathematical notation that is used to describe the performance or complexity of an algorithm, specifically how long an algorithm takes to run as the input size grows.
Understanding Big-O notation is essential for software engineers, as it allows them to analyze and compare the efficiency of different algorithms and make informed decisions about which one to use in a given situation.
Here are famous Big-O notations with examples.
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Programming languages and their uses in Ethical hacking :
Programming languages are essential tools for ethical hackers. They are used for tasks such as vulnerability testing, penetration testing, and developing exploits. Here are some programming languages that are commonly used in ethical hacking and their specific uses:
Python: Python is a high-level programming language that is easy to learn and widely used in the field of cybersecurity. It is used for tasks such as penetration testing, reverse engineering, and scripting. Python has a large community of developers who create and maintain libraries that can be used for security purposes, such as Scapy for packet manipulation, PyCrypto for encryption and decryption, and BeautifulSoup for web scraping.
Ruby: Ruby is another high-level programming language that is popular in the cybersecurity community. It is used for developing exploits and automating tasks. Metasploit, one of the most widely used penetration testing tools, is written in Ruby.
C/C++: C and C++ are low-level programming languages that are used for writing exploits and developing rootkits. They are also used for reverse engineering and vulnerability testing. Many of the tools used in ethical hacking, such as Nmap, Wireshark, and Tcpdump, are written in C/C++.
JavaScript: JavaScript is a popular scripting language that is used for web application security testing. It is used for tasks such as cross-site scripting (XSS) and cross-site request forgery (CSRF) testing. Many web-based security tools, such as Burp Suite, are written in JavaScript.
Bash: Bash is a shell scripting language that is used for automating tasks and creating custom scripts. It is commonly used for tasks such as password cracking and network scanning.
SQL: SQL is a database programming language that is used for exploiting and testing SQL injection vulnerabilities in web applications.
In addition to these languages, there are many other programming languages that can be used in ethical hacking, such as Perl, PHP, and Java. The choice of programming language will depend on the specific task at hand and the preference of the individual ethical hacker.
Programming languages are essential tools for ethical hackers. They are used for tasks such as vulnerability testing, penetration testing, and developing exploits. Here are some programming languages that are commonly used in ethical hacking and their specific uses:
Python: Python is a high-level programming language that is easy to learn and widely used in the field of cybersecurity. It is used for tasks such as penetration testing, reverse engineering, and scripting. Python has a large community of developers who create and maintain libraries that can be used for security purposes, such as Scapy for packet manipulation, PyCrypto for encryption and decryption, and BeautifulSoup for web scraping.
Ruby: Ruby is another high-level programming language that is popular in the cybersecurity community. It is used for developing exploits and automating tasks. Metasploit, one of the most widely used penetration testing tools, is written in Ruby.
C/C++: C and C++ are low-level programming languages that are used for writing exploits and developing rootkits. They are also used for reverse engineering and vulnerability testing. Many of the tools used in ethical hacking, such as Nmap, Wireshark, and Tcpdump, are written in C/C++.
JavaScript: JavaScript is a popular scripting language that is used for web application security testing. It is used for tasks such as cross-site scripting (XSS) and cross-site request forgery (CSRF) testing. Many web-based security tools, such as Burp Suite, are written in JavaScript.
Bash: Bash is a shell scripting language that is used for automating tasks and creating custom scripts. It is commonly used for tasks such as password cracking and network scanning.
SQL: SQL is a database programming language that is used for exploiting and testing SQL injection vulnerabilities in web applications.
In addition to these languages, there are many other programming languages that can be used in ethical hacking, such as Perl, PHP, and Java. The choice of programming language will depend on the specific task at hand and the preference of the individual ethical hacker.
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โโโโ๐ How to generate a photo of a non-existent person! ๐
๐ If you want to create a fake account on a social network, you can use another person's photo, but this is not the best option. It is better to use the following service to generate photos of non-existent people:
๐คฏ. Open this website: https://thispersondoesnotexist.com/
๐คฏ. Visiting the website, we immediately get a photo of a non-existent person.
๐คฏ. Updating the page, you will see a new generated image.
โ ๏ธ That's it, you can update the resource until you are satisfied with the photo. The site works very fast which is an undoubted plus. Many sites based on the work of artificial intelligence are often very slow. โ ๏ธ
โก๏ธ Need 200 Reactions on this Post
๐ If you want to create a fake account on a social network, you can use another person's photo, but this is not the best option. It is better to use the following service to generate photos of non-existent people:
๐คฏ. Open this website: https://thispersondoesnotexist.com/
๐คฏ. Visiting the website, we immediately get a photo of a non-existent person.
๐คฏ. Updating the page, you will see a new generated image.
โ ๏ธ That's it, you can update the resource until you are satisfied with the photo. The site works very fast which is an undoubted plus. Many sites based on the work of artificial intelligence are often very slow. โ ๏ธ
โก๏ธ Need 200 Reactions on this Post
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TYPES OF INTELLIGENCE
4 types of Intelligence:
1) Intelligence Quotient (IQ)
2) Emotional Quotient (EQ)
3) Social Quotient (SQ)
4) Adversity Quotient (AQ)
1. Intelligence Quotient (IQ): this is the measure of your level of comprehension. You need IQ to solve maths, memorize things, and recall lessons.
2. Emotional Quotient (EQ): this is the measure of your ability to maintain peace with others, keep to time, be responsible, be honest, respect boundaries, be humble, genuine and considerate.
3. Social Quotient (SQ): this is the measure of your ability to build a network of friends and maintain it over a long period of time.
People that have higher EQ and SQ tend to go further in life than those with a high IQ but low EQ and SQ. Most schools capitalize on improving IQ levels while EQ and SQ are played down.
Develop their IQ, as well as their EQ, SQ and AQ. They should become multifaceted human beings able to do things independently of their parents.
4. The Adversity Quotient (AQ): The measure of your ability to go through a rough patch in life, and come out of it without losing your mind.
When faced with troubles, AQ determines who will give up, who will abandon their family, and who will consider suicide.
Parents please expose your children to other areas of life than just Academics. They should adore manual labour (never use work as a form of punishment), Sports and Arts.
4 types of Intelligence:
1) Intelligence Quotient (IQ)
2) Emotional Quotient (EQ)
3) Social Quotient (SQ)
4) Adversity Quotient (AQ)
1. Intelligence Quotient (IQ): this is the measure of your level of comprehension. You need IQ to solve maths, memorize things, and recall lessons.
2. Emotional Quotient (EQ): this is the measure of your ability to maintain peace with others, keep to time, be responsible, be honest, respect boundaries, be humble, genuine and considerate.
3. Social Quotient (SQ): this is the measure of your ability to build a network of friends and maintain it over a long period of time.
People that have higher EQ and SQ tend to go further in life than those with a high IQ but low EQ and SQ. Most schools capitalize on improving IQ levels while EQ and SQ are played down.
Develop their IQ, as well as their EQ, SQ and AQ. They should become multifaceted human beings able to do things independently of their parents.
4. The Adversity Quotient (AQ): The measure of your ability to go through a rough patch in life, and come out of it without losing your mind.
When faced with troubles, AQ determines who will give up, who will abandon their family, and who will consider suicide.
Parents please expose your children to other areas of life than just Academics. They should adore manual labour (never use work as a form of punishment), Sports and Arts.
The reason you're not feeling motivated is because you don't have a clear goal.
You do have a goal, but it's only that you want to make a lot of money. With just that, you'll only experience FOMO (fear of missing out), not money.
Hard work is your responsibility, but you need to set small and immediate goals. For example, if you're studying DSA, it's not something you can complete in one day. A goal for now should be to master one topic thoroughly until you can solve all medium-level questions, and slowly, you'll crack it.
This is crucial at every stage of life.
Motivation will come when you start achieving small things, and eventually, everything will fall into place one day. โฅ๏ธ
You do have a goal, but it's only that you want to make a lot of money. With just that, you'll only experience FOMO (fear of missing out), not money.
Hard work is your responsibility, but you need to set small and immediate goals. For example, if you're studying DSA, it's not something you can complete in one day. A goal for now should be to master one topic thoroughly until you can solve all medium-level questions, and slowly, you'll crack it.
This is crucial at every stage of life.
Motivation will come when you start achieving small things, and eventually, everything will fall into place one day. โฅ๏ธ
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Power BI vs Tableau: Which BI Tool is Right for You?
Ease of Use โ Power BI is more beginner-friendly, especially for those familiar with Excel, while Tableau requires a steeper learning curve but offers advanced customization.
Pricing โ Power BI is more affordable, making it ideal for small businesses, whereas Tableau is costlier but provides robust enterprise-level features.
Data Connectivity โ Both tools support various data sources, but Tableau offers broader and deeper connectivity options for large-scale data analytics.
Visualization & Customization โ Tableau excels in advanced visualizations and design flexibility, whereas Power BI provides a simpler drag-and-drop interface with strong AI-driven insights.
Performance & Speed โ Tableau handles large datasets more efficiently, whereas Power BI can slow down with very complex models unless optimized.
Integration โ Power BI integrates seamlessly with Microsoft products (Excel, Azure, Power Apps), while Tableau connects well with multiple platforms, including cloud services.
Community & Support โ Tableau has a strong user community for data visualization, while Power BI benefits from Microsoftโs extensive support and frequent updates.
Ease of Use โ Power BI is more beginner-friendly, especially for those familiar with Excel, while Tableau requires a steeper learning curve but offers advanced customization.
Pricing โ Power BI is more affordable, making it ideal for small businesses, whereas Tableau is costlier but provides robust enterprise-level features.
Data Connectivity โ Both tools support various data sources, but Tableau offers broader and deeper connectivity options for large-scale data analytics.
Visualization & Customization โ Tableau excels in advanced visualizations and design flexibility, whereas Power BI provides a simpler drag-and-drop interface with strong AI-driven insights.
Performance & Speed โ Tableau handles large datasets more efficiently, whereas Power BI can slow down with very complex models unless optimized.
Integration โ Power BI integrates seamlessly with Microsoft products (Excel, Azure, Power Apps), while Tableau connects well with multiple platforms, including cloud services.
Community & Support โ Tableau has a strong user community for data visualization, while Power BI benefits from Microsoftโs extensive support and frequent updates.
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Want to become an Agent AI Expert in 2025?
๐คฉAI isnโt just evolvingโitโs transforming industries. And agentic AI is leading the charge!
Hereโs your 6-step guide to mastering it:
1๏ธโฃ Master AI Fundamentals โ Python, TensorFlow & PyTorch ๐
2๏ธโฃ Understand Agentic Systems โ Learn reinforcement learning ๐ง
3๏ธโฃ Get Hands-On with Projects โ OpenAI Gym & Rasa ๐
4๏ธโฃ Learn Prompt Engineering โ Tools like ChatGPT & LangChain โ๏ธ
5๏ธโฃ Stay Updated โ Follow Arxiv, GitHub & AI newsletters ๐ฐ
6๏ธโฃ Join AI Communities โ Engage in forums like Reddit & Discord ๐
๐คฉAI isnโt just evolvingโitโs transforming industries. And agentic AI is leading the charge!
Hereโs your 6-step guide to mastering it:
1๏ธโฃ Master AI Fundamentals โ Python, TensorFlow & PyTorch ๐
2๏ธโฃ Understand Agentic Systems โ Learn reinforcement learning ๐ง
3๏ธโฃ Get Hands-On with Projects โ OpenAI Gym & Rasa ๐
4๏ธโฃ Learn Prompt Engineering โ Tools like ChatGPT & LangChain โ๏ธ
5๏ธโฃ Stay Updated โ Follow Arxiv, GitHub & AI newsletters ๐ฐ
6๏ธโฃ Join AI Communities โ Engage in forums like Reddit & Discord ๐
๐ฏ AI Agent is all about creating intelligent systems that can make decisions autonomouslyโperfect for businesses aiming to scale with minimal human intervention.
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Number of billionaires.
๐บ๐ธ US: 735
๐จ๐ณ China: 495
๐ฎ๐ณ India: 169
๐ฉ๐ช Germany: 126
๐ท๐บ Russia: 105
๐ญ๐ฐ Hong Kong: 66
๐ฎ๐น Italy: 64
๐จ๐ฆ Canada: 63
๐น๐ผ Taiwan: 52
๐ฌ๐ง UK: 52
๐ง๐ท Brazil: 51
๐ฆ๐บ Australia: 47
๐ซ๐ท France: 43
๐จ๐ญSwitzerland: 41
๐ฏ๐ต Japan: 40
๐บ๐ธ US: 735
๐จ๐ณ China: 495
๐ฎ๐ณ India: 169
๐ฉ๐ช Germany: 126
๐ท๐บ Russia: 105
๐ญ๐ฐ Hong Kong: 66
๐ฎ๐น Italy: 64
๐จ๐ฆ Canada: 63
๐น๐ผ Taiwan: 52
๐ฌ๐ง UK: 52
๐ง๐ท Brazil: 51
๐ฆ๐บ Australia: 47
๐ซ๐ท France: 43
๐จ๐ญSwitzerland: 41
๐ฏ๐ต Japan: 40
๐จ Google search traffic is dropping: AI is to blame
A new study confirms what many suspected: AI Overviews in Google Search are stealing clicks from both paid and organic results. Websites that donโt get featured in AI summaries are seeing their traffic plummet.
Analyzing 10,000 keywords, researchers found that when AI Overviews appear, organic click-through rates drop from 1.41% to 0.64%, while paid search CTR also declines. But for those featured in AI summaries, CTR actually increases.
With Google shifting more answers into AI-generated summaries, websites relying on search traffic could be in for a rough ride.
A new study confirms what many suspected: AI Overviews in Google Search are stealing clicks from both paid and organic results. Websites that donโt get featured in AI summaries are seeing their traffic plummet.
Analyzing 10,000 keywords, researchers found that when AI Overviews appear, organic click-through rates drop from 1.41% to 0.64%, while paid search CTR also declines. But for those featured in AI summaries, CTR actually increases.
With Google shifting more answers into AI-generated summaries, websites relying on search traffic could be in for a rough ride.
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What is CompTIA Certification?
CompTIA Certifications are considered one of the most trusted credentials in the IT industry as it accurately reflects employee success. CompTIA engages international focus groups and IT leaders from around the world that define various certification programs and helps you to create CompTIA certification exams.
CompTIA Certifications are considered one of the most trusted credentials in the IT industry as it accurately reflects employee success. CompTIA engages international focus groups and IT leaders from around the world that define various certification programs and helps you to create CompTIA certification exams.
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How to Start a Career with CompTIA Certification?
If you are looking to start an IT career with a renowned certification, which has global recognition and ready-for acceptance by the employers, then CompTIA certification is the best way to start. This certification helps you to build critical thinking and problem-solving abilities, which is imperative in the modern enterprise network.
The certification programs come in easy-to-learn ways to suit your time and convenience. You could take up a self-study or instruction-based learning. It is also meant for students, educators, technocrats, entrepreneurs, and enterprises with a single motto of advancing the information technology for a not-for-profit cause.
If you are looking to start an IT career with a renowned certification, which has global recognition and ready-for acceptance by the employers, then CompTIA certification is the best way to start. This certification helps you to build critical thinking and problem-solving abilities, which is imperative in the modern enterprise network.
The certification programs come in easy-to-learn ways to suit your time and convenience. You could take up a self-study or instruction-based learning. It is also meant for students, educators, technocrats, entrepreneurs, and enterprises with a single motto of advancing the information technology for a not-for-profit cause.
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