💡 NumPy Tip: Efficient Filtering with Boolean Masks

Avoid slow Python loops for filtering data. Instead, create a "mask" array of True/False values based on a condition. Applying this mask to your original array instantly selects only the elements where the mask is True, which is significantly faster.

import numpy as np

# Create an array of data
data = np.array([10, 55, 8, 92, 43, 77, 15])

# Create a boolean mask for values greater than 50
high_values_mask = data > 50

# Use the mask to select elements
filtered_data = data[high_values_mask]

print(filtered_data)
# Output: [55 92 77]

Code explanation: A NumPy array data is created. Then, a boolean array high_values_mask is generated, which is True for every element in data greater than 50. This mask is used as an index to efficiently extract and print only those matching elements from the original array.

#Python #NumPy #DataScience #CodingTips #Programming

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By: @CodeProgrammer ✨

💡 Python F-Strings Cheatsheet

F-strings (formatted string literals) provide a concise and powerful way to embed expressions inside string literals for formatting. Just prefix the string with an f or F.

1. Basic Variable and Expression Embedding

name = "Alice"
quantity = 5
print(f"Hello, {name}. You have {quantity * 2} items in your cart.")
# Output: Hello, Alice. You have 10 items in your cart.

• Place variables or expressions directly inside curly braces {}. Python evaluates the expression and inserts the result into the string.

2. Number Formatting
Control the appearance of numbers, such as padding with zeros or setting decimal precision.

pi_value = 3.14159
order_id = 42
print(f"Pi: {pi_value:.2f}")
print(f"Order ID: {order_id:04d}")
# Output:
# Pi: 3.14
# Order ID: 0042

• :.2f formats the float to have exactly two decimal places.
• :04d formats the integer to be at least 4 digits long, padding with leading zeros if necessary.

3. Alignment and Padding
Align text within a specified width, which is useful for creating tables or neatly formatted output.

item = "Docs"
print(f"|{item:<10}|") # Left-aligned
print(f"|{item:^10}|") # Center-aligned
print(f"|{item:>10}|") # Right-aligned
# Output:
# |Docs      |
# |   Docs   |
# |      Docs|

• Use < for left, ^ for center, and > for right alignment, followed by the total width.

4. Date and Time Formatting
Directly format datetime objects within an f-string.

from datetime import datetime
now = datetime.now()
print(f"Current time: {now:%Y-%m-%d %H:%M}")
# Output: Current time: 2023-10-27 14:30

• Use a colon : followed by standard strftime formatting codes to display dates and times as you wish.

#Python #Programming #CodingTips #FStrings #PythonTips

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By: @CodeProgrammer ✨

💡 {{Python Exam}}

Python dictionaries are a fundamental data structure used to store data as key-value pairs. They are mutable (can be changed), dynamic, and since Python 3.7, they maintain the order of insertion. Keys must be unique and of an immutable type (like strings or numbers), while values can be of any type.

1. Creating and Accessing Dictionaries

# Creating a dictionary
student = {
    "name": "Alex",
    "age": 21,
    "courses": ["Math", "CompSci"]
}

# Accessing values
print(f"Name: {student['name']}")
print(f"Age: {student.get('age')}")

# Safe access for a non-existent key
print(f"Major: {student.get('major', 'Not specified')}")

# --- Sample Output ---
# Name: Alex
# Age: 21
# Major: Not specified

• A dictionary is created using curly braces {} with key: value pairs.
• student['name'] accesses the value using its key. This will raise a KeyError if the key doesn't exist.
• student.get('age') is a safer way to access a value, returning None if the key is not found.
• .get() can also take a second argument as a default value to return if the key is missing.

2. Modifying a Dictionary

user_profile = {
    "username": "coder_01",
    "level": 5
}

# Add a new key-value pair
user_profile["email"] = "[email protected]"
print(f"After adding: {user_profile}")

# Update an existing value
user_profile["level"] = 6
print(f"After updating: {user_profile}")

# Remove a key-value pair
del user_profile["email"]
print(f"After deleting: {user_profile}")

# --- Sample Output ---
# After adding: {'username': 'coder_01', 'level': 5, 'email': '[email protected]'}
# After updating: {'username': 'coder_01', 'level': 6, 'email': '[email protected]'}
# After deleting: {'username': 'coder_01', 'level': 6}

• A new key-value pair is added using simple assignment dict[new_key] = new_value.
• The value of an existing key is updated by assigning a new value to it.
• The del keyword completely removes a key-value pair from the dictionary.

3. Looping Through Dictionaries

inventory = {
    "apples": 430,
    "bananas": 312,
    "oranges": 525
}

# Loop through keys
print("--- Keys ---")
for item in inventory.keys():
    print(item)

# Loop through values
print("\n--- Values ---")
for quantity in inventory.values():
    print(quantity)

# Loop through key-value pairs
print("\n--- Items ---")
for item, quantity in inventory.items():
    print(f"{item}: {quantity}")

# --- Sample Output ---
# --- Keys ---
# apples
# bananas
# oranges
#
# --- Values ---
# 430
# 312
# 525
#
# --- Items ---
# apples: 430
# bananas: 312
# oranges: 525

• .keys() returns a view object of all keys, which can be looped over.
• .values() returns a view object of all values.
• .items() returns a view object of key-value tuple pairs, allowing you to easily access both in each loop iteration.

#Python #DataStructures #Dictionaries #Programming #PythonBasics

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By: @CodeProgrammer ✨