Limiting global average temperature to well below 2°C above pre-industrial levels is the only chance for the survival of coral reefs globally.

Our Issues Brief explains https://t.co/h7RCd4iEBN https://t.co/5Yfcjq1Mam

IUCN

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RT @theGEF: #DYK that Canada🇨🇦 is one of the founding members of @theGEF? 🧐

Ahead of the #GEFassembly2023 taking place in Vancouver this month, learn about the leadership role that Canada plays in and through the GEF to build a more resilient future: https://t.co/3JgyQRP5T2
@CanadaDev https://t.co/btpR9u1Wvo

UN Biodiversity

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Numerous fires were observed in the Canadian provinces of Alberta and the Northwest Territories. Seen yesterday by SNPP and NOAA-20 VIIRS: https://t.co/LJ2nMAy7F7. https://t.co/3RCowrEjQt

CIRA

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RT @NASA: July 2023 was the hottest month on record, according to our global temperature analysis. Overall, July was 0.43°F (0.24°C) warmer than any other July in @NASAEarth's record, and it's likely due to human activity. Details: https://t.co/2DTIfL8S1Q https://t.co/qs8YPnVx1y

NASA Earth

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For over 20 years, a fleet of almost 4,000 floating scientific instruments called Argo floats have been measuring ocean temperature and salinity across the globe. A new study takes a closer look at their capabilities and evaluates their effectiveness. https://t.co/C9Rn08EnqU

NOAA Climate.gov

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RT @EU_MARE: Building artificial reefs to improve the #BalticSea ecosystem 🪸

EU-funded project Reef Nienhagen is addressing habitat degradation in the Baltic Sea by installing artificial #reefs, helping the fish population grow.

In full 👉https://t.co/X87WgBKePl

#OurBaltic #ForNature https://t.co/vdq53HxvEa

EU Environment

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Water is a critical factor for development in #Honduras: exports, energy generation & jobs depend on it. But climate change affects the amount of water available in Honduras – how can climate action contribute to reversing this problem?

➡️#HondurasCCDR: https://t.co/pPUiiZpAAO https://t.co/I08MGTaUsE

World Bank Climate

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M is for MSS! The Multispectral Scanner System (MSS) aboard Landsat 1 laid the ground work for the future of the #Landsat program and much of modern remote sensing. 🛰️🌎

https://t.co/rbnpN7woKy https://t.co/tnvQ4uAT80

Today’s letter of day is “M” for moon! Everyone on Sesame Street is sending their name to space on @NASA’s @EuropaClipper spacecraft, which will travel to Jupiter’s moon Europa. Poet Laureate @adalimon’s poem will be going to space, too! What other M words have to do with space or poetry? Learn more: https://t.co/t2BGAc2x9S - Sesame Street

NASA Landsat Program

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NASA's socioeconomic datasets, services, and tools help reveal what Earth observations can tell us about people and their communities.

Learn more in our newest article: https://t.co/nLFUWxTtWm

#NASASedac https://t.co/lFJ8DN8VUB

NASAEarthdata

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Publication alert! ⏰A new study led by #AOML/ @CIMASRosenstiel reproduced the observed freshening of the deep Southern Ocean in a global ocean model by correcting the spatial distribution of Antarctic ice melting & increasing its magnitude. Read more: https://t.co/iMrnHje78l

NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Lab

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RT @greenpeaceusa: Wildfires, hurricanes, floods, the hottest temperatures on record.

How much more of this before @POTUS and our world leaders act on climate and stop approving the oil and gas projects fueling the climate crisis? #ClimateActionNow https://t.co/dzCgi5aQqi

Greenpeace International

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Ocean acidification puts marine life & coastal communities at risk.

Urgent #ClimateAction is needed to #SaveOurOcean and ensure a sustainable future for generations to come.

https://t.co/DfJ2ZI7bi8

Via @UNEP https://t.co/h0EvGHeajW

UN Biodiversity

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RT @NSIDC: “What we’re seeing this year is uncharted territory in the satellite record." NSIDC's Walt Meier speaks on the exceptionally low Antarctic sea ice in the NASA Earth Observatory "Image of the Day," which features a map based on data maintained by NSIDC. https://t.co/WMwcjBPDlG

NOAA Climate.gov

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RT @EPARegion8: Read the latest issue of @DroughtGov's Dry Times newsletter with articles on a study that found that anthropogenic #ClimateChange is increasing #wildfire threat in the western United States & above normal significant fire potential predictions for August.
https://t.co/C3Rf9qv66X

NOAA Climate.gov

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NASA Study Reveals Compounding Climate Risks at Two Degrees of Warming
If global temperatures keep rising and reach 2 degrees Celsius (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) above pre-industrial levels, people worldwide could face multiple impacts of climate change simultaneously. This is according to a NASA-led study that analyzed the projected impacts of such warming to understand how different climate effects might combine. A 2-degree rise in global temperatures is considered a critical threshold above which dangerous and cascading effects of human-generated climate change will occur.

The researchers found that more than a quarter of the world’s population could experience an additional month of severe heat stress each year compared to the middle of the 20th century (1950-1979). High temperatures and drought could combine dangerously in places like the Amazon, increasing the risk of wildfire. In the American West, extreme fire weather will likely be more intense and last longer.

To investigate potentially compounding effects of rising temperatures, the study’s authors worked with a specially processed set of climate predictions. The predictions were originally generated by 35 of the world’s leading climate models – specifically, contributors to the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP), which includes models developed by the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies. CMIP provides climate projections that help the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change and other international and national climate groups understand historical, current, and future climate changes.
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Researchers at the NASA Earth Exchange (NEX) then took the output from CMIP6 models and used advanced statistical techniques to “downscale” them, improving the resolution significantly. NEX uses supercomputers at NASA’s Ames Research Center in California’s Silicon Valley to analyze vast amounts of data collected by aircraft and satellites or, in this case, projections produced by climate models. The resulting NEX dataset supporting this research is available to the public and can be found online.

Combining Climate Impacts

With the new dataset in hand, NEX researchers at Ames analyzed the downscaled projections to assess the changes predicted for six key climate variables. They examined changes in air temperature, precipitation, relative humidity, short- and longwave solar radiation, and wind speed at a point when warming passes 2°C.

“We wanted to study how these aspects of the environment are projected to change and what their combined impacts could mean for people around the world,” said Taejin Park, first author on the paper and a researcher at Ames with the Bay Area Environmental Research Institute (BAERI).

The researchers paid special attention to two climate indicators: heat stress – or the combined effects of temperature and humidity on the human body – and fire weather – which considers temperature, rainfall, humidity, and wind. Most regions of the world will experience higher heat stress, they found, while countries closer to the equator will suffer from a greater number of days considered extreme.

“The escalating impacts of all the climate extremes studied could cause significant damage to communities and economies, from fires, floods, landslides, and crop failures that may result,” said Ramakrishna Nemani, senior scientist at BAERI and co-author of the study.

Democratizing Climate Data

The NEX downscaled dataset used for this research provides global, daily climate projections, derived from CMIP6 climate models, out to the year 2100. The day-to-day n[...]

ature of the NEX product is important for capturing the extremes. If merged into a monthly average, Park explained, a few days projected to be dangerously hot and humid could get lost in the numbers, concealing the risk for human lives.

The level of local and regional detail – the resolution of the projections – is higher in the NEX product than most climate projections, which could help leaders develop targeted climate adaptation and mitigation plans. Raw climate model projections typically give results for areas of about 120 by 120 miles (200 by 200 kilometers), while the NEX downscaling work increases that resolution to about 15 by 15 miles (25 by 25 kilometers).

Downscaling this much data is a big job, and NEX researchers relied on NASA’s powerful Pleiades supercomputer at Ames. Pleiades helps solve some of NASA’s most challenging problems, playing an important role in rocket launches for the Artemis program, fuel-efficient aircraft designs, and studies of Earth’s climate.

NEX scientists hope that the downscaled climate projections could help decision-makers prepare for and protect their regions against climate impacts. For example,a local policymaker could decide to build more flood barriers or pursue less development in flood-prone areas, said Ian Brosnan, co-author of the paper and principal scientist at NEX.The NEX dataset can also help new commercial and non-profit enterprises develop customized climate-risk assessments for the private and public sectors.

“The downscaled NASA data is in really accessible form,” Brosnan said. “People everywhere with some technical ability – from undergraduate students to experienced climate scientists – can dig into the information these projections contain.”

Learn more:

* A Degree of Concern: Why Global Temperatures Matter, a two-part series.

For researchers:

* “What does global land climate look like at 2 degrees warming?”, published in the journal Earth’s Future.
* Data description paper for the NEX-GDDP dataset: NASA Global Daily Downscaled Projections, CMIP6

For news media:

Animated map visuals showing projected change in the fire weather index are available in GIF and MP4 file formats for the following regions:

* full Earth
* western United States
* sub-Saharan Africa
* the Amazon region
* Australia

Members of the news media interested in covering these topics should reach out to the NASA Ames newsroom.



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NASA Clocks July 2023 as Hottest Month on Record Ever Since 1880
Editor's Note: This release has been updated to add additional graphics, captions, and to spell out the words degrees Fahrenheit and Celsius.

According to scientists at NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York, July 2023 was hotter than any other month in the global temperature record.

“Since day one, President Biden has treated the climate crisis as the existential threat of our time,” said Ali Zaidi, White House National Climate Advisor. Against the backdrop of record high temperatures, wildfires, and floods, NASA’s analysis puts into context the urgency of President Biden’s unprecedented climate leadership. From securing the Inflation Reduction Act, the largest climate investment in history, to invoking the Defense Production Act to supercharge domestic clean energy manufacturing, to strengthening climate resilience in communities nationwide, President Biden is delivering on the most ambitious climate agenda in history.”

Overall, July 2023 was 0.43 degrees Fahrenheit (F) (0.24 degrees Celsius (C)) warmer than any other July in NASA’s record, and it was 2.1 F (1.18 C) warmer than the average July between 1951 and 1980. The primary focus of the GISS analysis are long-term temperature changes over many decades and centuries, and a fixed base period yields anomalies that are consistent over time. Temperature "normals" are defined by several decades or more - typically 30 years.
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“NASA data confirms what billions around the world literally felt: temperatures in July 2023 made it the hottest month on record. In every corner of the country, Americans are right now experiencing firsthand the effects of the climate crisis, underscoring the urgency of President Biden’s historic climate agenda,” said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson. “The science is clear. We must act now to protect our communities and planet; it’s the only one we have.”

<picturehttps://nasa.gov/sites/default/files/styles/side_image/public/thumbnails/image/revised_bar-plot_anim_4k-210_dragged.png?itok=q0Ga294k <figcaptionThis chart shows global temperature anomalies for every July since the 1880s, based on NASA's GISTEMP analysis. Anomalies reflect how much the global temperature was above or below the 1951-1980 norm for July. Credit: NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies / NASA's Earth Observatory

Parts of South America, North Africa, North America, and the Antarctic Peninsula were especially hot, experiencing temperatures increases around 7.2 F (4 C) above average. Overall, extreme heat this summer put tens of millions of people under heat warnings and was linked to hundreds of heat-related illnesses and deaths. The record-breaking July continues a long-term trend of human-driven warming driven primarily by greenhouse gas emissions that has become evident over the past four decades. According to NASA data, the five hottest Julys since 1880 have all happened in the past five years.

“Climate change is impacting people and ecosystems around the world, and we expect many of these impacts to escalate with continued warming,” said Katherine Calvin, chief scientist and senior climate advisor at NASA Headquarters in Washington. “Our agency observes climate change, its impacts, and its drivers, like greenhouse gases, and we are committed providing this information to help people plan for the future.”

NASA assembles its temperature record from surface air temperature data from tens of thousands of metrological stations, as well as sea surface temperature data acquired by ship- and buoy-based instruments. This raw data is analyzed using methods that account for the varied spacing of temperature stations around the globe and for urban heating effects that could skew the calculations.[...]

“This July was not just warmer than any previous July – it was the warmest month in our record, which goes back to 1880,” said GISS Director Gavin Schmidt. “The science is clear this isn’t normal. Alarming warming around the world is driven primarily by human-caused greenhouse gas emissions. And that rise in average temperatures is fueling dangerous extreme heat that people are experiencing here at home and worldwide.”

High sea surface temperatures contributed to July’s record warmth. NASA’s analysis shows especially warm ocean temperatures in the eastern tropical Pacific, evidence of the El Niño that began developing in May 2023. Phenomena such as El Niño or La Niña, which warm or cool the tropical Pacific Ocean, can contribute a small amount of year-to-year variability in global temperatures. But these contributions are not typically felt when El Niño starts developing in Northern Hemisphere summer. NASA expects to see the biggest impacts of El Niño in February, March, and April 2024.

For more information on NASA’s global temperature record, visit:

https://www.nasa.gov/feature/2023/climate-media-resources

News Media Contacts

Jackie McGuinness / Katherine Rohloff
Headquarters, Washington
202-358-1600
[email protected] / [email protected]



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