The electromagnetic spectrum is the full range of electromagnetic radiation, organized by frequency or wavelength. The spectrum is divided into separate bands, with different names for the electromagnetic waves within each band. From low to high frequency…

form of electromagnetic radiation

spatial period of the wave; the distance over which the wave's shape repeats; the inverse of the spatial frequency

eleventh letter of the Greek alphabet

formal system in mathematical logic

increase in the expansion rate of the universe, attributed to dark energy

relative increase in wavelength of electromagnetic radiation in the emission spectrum of astronomical objects

form of energy emitted and absorbed by particles which are charged which shows wave-like behavior as it travels through space

A gamma ray, also known as gamma radiation (symbol γ), is a penetrating form of electromagnetic radiation arising from high-energy interactions like the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei or astronomical events like solar flares. Lower energy gamma radiation…

emission of subatomic particles by the decay of an atomic nucleus

core of the atom; composed of bound nucleons (protons and neutrons)

physical constant; the most probable distance between an electron and the nucleus in a nonrelativistic model of the hydrogen atom with infinitely heavy nucleus

theory of particle physics based on Yang–Mills theory with gauge group SU(3)×SU(2)×U(1) and spontaneous symmetry breaking

physical phenomenon in which the vacuum expectation value of a field is not invariant under a symmetry of the action, so that a symmetry present at high temperatures is broken at low temperatures

mechanism in quantum field theory in which spontaneous symmetry breaking causes gauge bosons to acquire mass

unified description of electromagnetism and the weak interaction

2021 financial document leak and scandal